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CN-122003360-A - Drive unit for a vehicle which can be driven simultaneously by muscle force of the human body and drive energy provided by an electric motor, and vehicle comprising such a drive unit

CN122003360ACN 122003360 ACN122003360 ACN 122003360ACN-122003360-A

Abstract

The invention relates to a drive unit (15, 1) for a vehicle which can be driven simultaneously by drive energy supplied by the muscle force of the human body and supplied by an electric motor, comprising a carrier structure (18), an input drive shaft for transmitting the drive energy generated by the muscle force of the human body, an output shaft (35) for outputting the drive energy to a driving device, a first electric drive unit (1) having a drive harmonic drive (19A), and a second electric drive unit (1) having a variable harmonic drive (19B, 19). The invention also relates to a vehicle having such a drive unit (15, 1).

Inventors

  • H. P. Ackermann
  • M. Lukacs

Assignees

  • 基尔沃特有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20240711
Priority Date
20230810

Claims (15)

  1. 1. A drive unit (1) for a vehicle (F) drivable by driving energy provided by both muscle power and motor power of a human body, the drive unit comprising: A carrying structure (18), A drive shaft (15, 15') for transmitting drive energy generated by muscle force of the human body, An output shaft (35) for outputting drive energy to the driving device (3), A first electric drive unit is provided for driving the first electric drive unit, the first electric drive unit has: A drive harmonic drive (19 a) having a first wave generator (20 a), a first flexspline (22 a) and a first gear ring (23 a), A drive motor (24 a) having a stator (26 a) and a rotor (25 a), the drive energy of the drive motor (24 a) being transmittable to the output shaft (35) via a drive harmonic drive (19 a), A second electric drive unit is provided for driving the first electric drive unit, the second electric driving unit has A variable harmonic drive (19 b) arranged in the drive train between the input drive shaft (15, 15') and the output driven shaft (35), said variable harmonic drive having a second wave generator (20 b), a second flexspline (22 b) and a second ring gear (23 b), A variable motor (24 b) having a stator (26 b) and a rotor (25 b), the drive energy of which can be introduced into the variable harmonic drive (19 b), The variable harmonic drive (19 b) is arranged such that it transmits the accumulated energy from the muscle force of the human body and the variable motor (24 b) to the output shaft (35) of the drive unit (1), It is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of, The first gear ring (23 a) is arranged in a fixed position relative to the carrier structure (18) of the drive unit (1), The second toothing (23 b) is rotatably arranged about a rotation axis (10) relative to the carrier structure (18), -And the first flexspline (22 a), the second flexspline (22 b) and the output driven shaft (35) are connected to each other in a rotationally fixed manner about the rotational axis (10) such that the first flexspline (22 a) and the second flexspline (22 b) transmit the accumulated driving energy from the muscle force of the human body, the driving motor (24 a) and the variable motor (24 b) to the output driven shaft (35).
  2. 2. The drive unit (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotary elements of the drive harmonic drive (19 a), of the variable harmonic drive (19 b), of the input drive shaft (15, 15') and of the output driven shaft (35) are rotatable about the rotation axis (10).
  3. 3. The drive unit (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first flex (22 a) and the second flex (22 b) are each configured in the form of a cup-type flex or a cap-type flex, and for this purpose A sleeve configured radially flexible in the region of the teeth of the first and second flexspline, -A region connected to the radially flexible sleeve in the axial direction, each having a transmission sleeve (28 a, 28 b), and In the case of cup-shaped flexwheels, respectively with a drive plate disk (29 a, 29 b) extending in the radial direction of the axis of rotation (10) of the respective flexwheel (22 a, 22 b) or in the case of cap-shaped flexwheels, respectively with a drive cap rim disk, The first flexspline (22 a) and the second flexspline (22 b) are arranged offset from one another along the axis of rotation (10) such that the drive base disks (29 a, 29 b) or the drive cap rim disks face one another and the regions of the teeth face away from one another.
  4. 4. A drive unit (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the first and/or second flexspline (22 a, 22 b) is arranged in a drive train such that the first and/or second flexspline (22 a, 22 b) outputs via the drive sleeve (28 a, 28 b) and/or the drive floor plate (29 a, 29 b), respectively, to the output driven shaft (35).
  5. 5. Drive unit (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that, along the rotation axis (10), -Between the drive motor (19 a) and the variable motor (19 b), or -Along the rotation axis (10) between the variable electric machine (19 b) and an axial end of the carrying structure (18) There is a flexspline connection, which is configured such that the first and second flexspline (22 a, 22 b) are connected to one another at least indirectly in a rotationally fixed manner about the rotational axis (10).
  6. 6. Drive unit (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the flexspline connection extends in a radial direction with respect to the rotational axis (10) up to the level of the first and/or second wave generator (20 a, 20 b) and/or up to the level of the stator (26 a, 26 b) and/or rotor (25 a, 25 b) of the drive motor (24 a) and/or the variable motor (24 b).
  7. 7. Drive unit (1) according to any one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that between the inner wall of the carrier structure (18) and the flexspline connection there is an annular gap (39) extending in a radial direction relative to the rotation axis (10) and completely surrounding the rotation axis (10) in a direction away from the inner wall, the radial extension of the annular gap (39) being preferably at most 3mm, in particular at most 2mm.
  8. 8. The drive unit (1) according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the flex connection has at least one of the following features: -the first and second flexspline (22 a, 22 b) are directly connected to each other, in particular in the region of their drive discs; -there is a connecting disc (32) which connects the first and second flexspline (22 a, 22 b) indirectly to each other, in particular in the region of the drive floor discs (29 a, 29 b) of the flexspline; -there is a positive-locking device acting in the circumferential direction of the rotation axis (10), which has at least partially complementarily configured positive-locking elements on the first and second flexspline (22 a, 22 b).
  9. 9. The drive unit (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a driven sleeve (33) is present, which connects the first and/or the second flexspline (22 a, 22 b) or a connection floor plate disk (34) or a connection cap rim disk with an output driven shaft (35), wherein in particular -The drive motor (19 a) or the variable motor (19 b) is positioned in the interior space of the driven sleeve (33), and/or -The first and/or second gear ring (23 a, 23 b) is positioned in the inner space of the driven sleeve (33).
  10. 10. The drive unit (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the second ring gear (23 b) is coupled in at least one direction with respect to the input drive shaft (33) via a one-way clutch (31).
  11. 11. The drive unit (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the second ring gear (23 b) is supported on the input drive shaft by at least one support position.
  12. 12. Drive unit (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The first gear ring (23 a) extends with its internal toothing in the axial direction of the rotational axis (10) such that the internal toothing is located only in a region of the drive unit (1) which extends from the drive motor (19 a) in the direction of the rotational axis (10) in the opposite direction to the variable motor (19 b), and/or The second ring gear (23 b) extends with its internal toothing in the axial direction of the rotational axis (10) such that the internal toothing is located only in a region of the drive unit (1) which extends from the variable motor (19 b) in the direction of the rotational axis (10) in the opposite direction to the drive motor (19 a).
  13. 13. The drive unit (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a stator (26 b) of the variable motor (19 b) and a stator (26 a) of the drive motor (26 a) are arranged between the first and second ring gear (23 a, 23 b) in the axial direction of the rotation axis (10).
  14. 14. Vehicle (F) drivable by means of driving energy provided by both human muscle power and electric motor, the vehicle having a driving unit (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vehicle is configured as a monorail, a double rail or a triple rail vehicle, in particular as an electric bicycle, a booster bicycle, an electric booster bicycle, a freight bicycle, a load-carrying bicycle or a transport bicycle.
  15. 15. The vehicle (F) according to claim 14, characterized in that it has at least one of the following features: The vehicle comprises a frame (2), in particular with an upper tube and/or a lower tube; The vehicle comprises an electrical energy store, which is arranged in particular in the upper pipe and/or the lower pipe; the vehicle includes front and rear wheels; the vehicle includes front wheels configured to be steerable; The vehicle comprises a pedal (12) which is configured to be rotatable about a pedal shaft (4) by means of a crank arm (11) and which is connected, in particular in a rotationally fixed manner, to the input drive shaft (15).

Description

Drive unit for a vehicle which can be driven simultaneously by muscle force of the human body and drive energy provided by an electric motor, and vehicle comprising such a drive unit Technical Field The present invention relates to a drive unit for a vehicle which can be driven simultaneously by drive energy supplied by the muscle force of the human body and supplied by an electric motor, and to a vehicle having such a drive unit. Background Vehicles of this type are, for example, monorail or multitrack vehicles, such as bicycles, in particular electric bicycles, electric mopeds (E-Bike) or mopeds (Pedelec), but also water bicycles, boats or wheelchairs. In particular, the type of vehicle is a vehicle of the vehicle classes L1e, L2e, L3e, L4e, L5e, L6e and L7e according to EU regulations 2013/168/EU clause 4, which are in effect on day 1, month 15 of 2013. Furthermore, this includes, inter alia, vehicles with a maximum speed of up to 6km/h, which is determined to be used only by physically handicapped persons, such as, for example, wheelchairs, vehicles which are determined to be used only in sporting contests, bicycles with a foot drive with foot assistance, which are equipped with a motor-driven auxiliary drive with a maximum rated continuous power of up to 250W, the assistance of which is interrupted when the rider stops pedaling and which gradually decreases with increasing vehicle speed and is interrupted before the vehicle speed reaches 25km/h, self-balancing vehicles with motor-driven travel drives, sports vehicles with foot drives, which do not have at least one seat, and vehicles with foot drives and R points (according to ECE-R17). Ltoreq.400 mm. The vehicle generally has a front wheel and at least one rear wheel, which are connected to each other by a frame. However, it is also possible for a plurality of rear wheels, for example two rear wheels, and/or for a plurality of front wheels, for example two front wheels, in particular in any combination. The wheels may be arranged side by side, for example transversely to the direction of travel, as in wheelchairs, tricycles or vehicles with sidecars, or they may be arranged back and forth in the direction of travel, as in tandem bicycles, for example. Such vehicles are increasingly equipped with at least one electric motor which should provide assistance to the user when driving the vehicle. Typically the vehicle is not driven solely by the motor, but rather the motor assists the user as he drives the vehicle by his own human muscle force. In this case, the degree of assistance can be selected in many cases. In this way, the user can just input his own physical ability into or want to input during travel with such a vehicle, while the user is still traveling at a comfortable and also routinely available speed. In addition to providing assistance to the user in the driving of a vehicle, it is also known to equip the drive unit for such a vehicle with two electric motors and a composite transmission. In this way, a continuously variable transmission (CVT-continuously variable transmission) can be realized, which is controlled, for example, by a control unit. At this point, the operator does not need to pick the currently appropriate gear from a plurality of discrete gears available as in a conventional bicycle, for example. In contrast, the gear ratio adapted to the current driving situation is set steplessly on the composite gear by the control unit by actuating at least one of the electric machines. Such drive units are known, for example, from EP 1 642 820 A1 and EP 2 218 635 A1. In these documents, a planetary gear transmission is used as a synthetic transmission. WO 2022/078730 A1 discloses a drive unit of the type mentioned, in which the ring gear/rigid wheel of the drive harmonic drive (Antriebswellgetriebe) and the ring gear of the variable harmonic drive (Variationswellgetriebe) are designed to be non-rotatable relative to one another and rotatable about a common axis of rotation relative to the support structure of the drive unit, and the accumulated drive energy from the muscle forces of the human body, the drive motor and the variable motor is transmitted to the output shaft. The drive unit may be arranged as a hub motor on or near the hub or as a mid-motor on or near a drive support, for example a pedal shaft support. In both cases, the support structure of the transmission is in each case preferably mounted in a rotationally fixed manner relative to the corresponding frame of the vehicle. It is desirable, in particular, to construct the drive unit as compactly as possible in terms of its extent in the axial direction of the rotation axis of the pedal shaft or axle, so as not to adversely affect the riding comfort of the operator. This thus relates in particular to the axial extent of the drive unit in the axial direction of the output shaft. Disclosure of Invention The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a possibility,