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CN-122003766-A - Battery monomer, battery and electric equipment

CN122003766ACN 122003766 ACN122003766 ACN 122003766ACN-122003766-A

Abstract

A battery cell (100), a battery (200) and an electrical device (300). The battery unit (100) comprises a shell (10), a pressure release structure (20) arranged on the shell (10), an electrode assembly (30) arranged in the shell (10), an insulating piece arranged in the shell (10) and located between the shell (10) and the electrode assembly (30), an interception component (40) arranged in the shell (10) and located between the pressure release structure (20) and the electrode assembly (30), wherein the interception component (40) is arranged in an insulating mode between the interception component (40) and the shell (10), through holes (41) are formed in positions, opposite to the pressure release structure (20), of the interception component (40), and the melting point of the interception component (40) is higher than that of the insulating piece.

Inventors

  • WU KAI
  • CAI JIAJIN
  • Ke Jianhuang
  • LI YAO

Assignees

  • 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20240627

Claims (20)

  1. A battery cell, comprising: A housing; The pressure relief structure is arranged on the shell; An electrode assembly disposed within the housing; an insulating member disposed within the case and between the case and the electrode assembly; The interception component is arranged in the shell and is positioned between the pressure relief structure and the electrode assembly, the interception component is arranged between the shell in an insulating way, a through hole is formed in the position, opposite to the pressure relief structure, of the interception component, and the melting point of the interception component is higher than that of the insulating component.
  2. The battery cell according to claim 1, wherein, The interception component is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the through holes are uniformly distributed.
  3. The battery cell according to claim 2, wherein, The apertures of a plurality of the through holes are equal, or And the aperture of a part of the through holes which are opposite to the pressure relief structure is smaller than the aperture of the rest of the through holes.
  4. The battery cell according to claim 1, wherein, The interception component is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the distribution density of a part of the through holes which are opposite to the pressure relief structure is larger than that of the rest through holes.
  5. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, The casing has circumference lateral wall and connects in two end walls at circumference lateral wall both ends, pressure release structure install in on the end wall, along two the direction of arranging of end wall, all the projected total area of through-hole is S1, pressure release structure 'S exhaust passage' S projected area is S2, S1 is not less than S2.
  6. The battery cell according to claim 5, wherein, The interception member is provided with a reinforcing rib toward one side surface of the electrode assembly.
  7. The battery cell according to claim 6, wherein, The reinforcing ribs are propped against the end face of the electrode assembly, which faces the interception part.
  8. The battery cell according to claim 6 or 7, wherein, The reinforcing ribs are provided with at least one through hole.
  9. The battery cell according to claim 7 or 8, wherein, The area of the end face of the electrode assembly, which faces the interception part, is S3, and the total area of all the reinforcing ribs, which is contacted with the electrode assembly, is S4, wherein S4 is more than or equal to 0.3 x S3.
  10. The battery cell according to claim 9, wherein, The interception component is provided with a first bulge towards one side surface of the pressure relief structure, and the first bulge is propped against the pressure relief structure and/or the end wall of the pressure relief structure is/are arranged.
  11. The battery cell according to claim 10, wherein, The total contact area of all the first bulges and the end wall is S5, and S5 is more than or equal to 0.1 x S3.
  12. The battery cell according to claim 10 or 11, wherein, The interception component, the reinforcing convex rib and the first protrusion are integrally formed.
  13. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein, The interception component is arranged at intervals with the pressure relief structure, and the distance between the surface of the interception component facing the pressure relief structure and the pressure relief structure is greater than or equal to 1mm.
  14. The battery cell according to any one of claims 5-13, wherein, The inner wall of the circumferential side wall is provided with a second bulge for supporting the interception component.
  15. The battery cell of claim 14, wherein, One end wall covers the circumferential side wall to form an accommodating space, a third protrusion is arranged on one side of the end wall, which faces the interception member, and the interception member is clamped between the second protrusion and the third protrusion.
  16. The battery cell of claim 15, wherein, The third protrusions and the second protrusions are multiple, and the third protrusions and the second protrusions are arranged in one-to-one correspondence.
  17. The battery cell according to any one of claims 14-16, wherein, The cross section shape of the shell perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the two end walls is square, and the second protrusions are arranged at corner positions of the circumferential side walls in one-to-one correspondence.
  18. The battery cell of claim 17, wherein, Each second protrusion is provided with an arc surface which is recessed in a direction away from the accommodating space on one side facing the accommodating space.
  19. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1-18, wherein, The electrode assembly is provided with a tab, and the interception member is provided with an assembly hole through which the tab passes.
  20. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1-19, wherein, The interception component comprises a first sub-interception component and a second sub-interception component, wherein the first sub-interception component is provided with a first matching structure, the second sub-interception component is provided with a second matching structure, and the first matching structure is in adaptive connection with the second matching structure.

Description

Battery monomer, battery and electric equipment Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of battery equipment, in particular to a battery monomer, a battery and electric equipment. Background The battery generally includes a plurality of battery cells assembled in a case and electrically connected in series, parallel, and series-parallel. In the process that the battery is used, thermal runaway is easy to occur due to the effect of external environment or the use aging effect of the battery monomer, so that the battery is damaged. When thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell, high-temperature and high-pressure smoke is generated in the battery cell, and the pole piece of the electrode assembly of the battery cell may be broken, so that pole piece fragments with larger volumes are generated, and the pole piece fragments with larger volumes are ejected out of the pressure release structure along with the high-temperature and high-pressure smoke. When the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas contacts with air, the sprayed flue gas is mixed with high-temperature pole piece fragments, and the pole piece fragments possibly ignite the flue gas like a fire source, so that serious explosion even occurs. Disclosure of Invention The embodiment of the application aims to provide a battery cell, a battery and electric equipment, which comprise but are not limited to solving the problem that in the related art, when the battery cell is out of control, fragments of a pole piece sprayed along with smoke gas possibly ignite the smoke gas. The technical scheme adopted by the embodiment of the application is as follows: According to a first aspect of the present application, there is provided a battery cell comprising: A housing; The pressure release structure is arranged on the shell; An electrode assembly disposed within the case; The insulating piece is arranged in the shell and is positioned between the shell and the electrode assembly so as to insulate the shell from the electrode assembly; The interception component is arranged in the shell and positioned between the pressure release structure and the electrode assembly, the interception component and the shell are arranged in an insulating mode, at least one through hole is formed in the position, opposite to the pressure release structure, of the interception component, and the melting point of the interception component is higher than that of the insulating component. According to the application, the interception component is arranged in the accommodating space of the battery monomer, and is positioned between the pressure release structure and the electrode assembly, so that when the battery monomer is in thermal runaway, smoke can flow from the through hole of the interception component to the pressure release structure and be sprayed out, and pole piece fragments with larger volume and mixed in the smoke are intercepted by the interception component, so that the pole piece fragments cannot pass through the interception plate and reach the pressure release structure. Therefore, the number of the pole piece fragments mixed with the smoke sprayed from the pressure release structure in the battery monomer is reduced, the possibility that the smoke is ignited by the high-temperature pole piece fragments when the smoke is sprayed to contact with air is reduced, and the safety of the battery monomer is improved. And, because the melting point of the interception member is higher than that of the insulation member, when the battery cell is out of control, even if the insulation member in the battery cell is melted to form fragments, the interception member is not melted and remains intact, so that the fragments formed by melting the insulation member are intercepted, the fragments formed by melting the insulation member are not sprayed out to contact with air, and the intercepted fragments do not pollute other battery cells in the battery. In some embodiments of the application, the blocking member is provided with a plurality of through holes, the plurality of through holes being uniformly distributed, and the plurality of through holes being distributed in a rectangular array. The arrangement rule of the plurality of through holes is clear and obvious in a rectangular array distribution mode, so that the arrangement rule of the plurality of through holes is favorable for reducing the completion of the through holes formed in the interception component, and the processing efficiency of the through holes is improved. In some embodiments of the application, the apertures of the plurality of through holes are equal. When thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell, the smoke generated inside the battery cell can rapidly flow through the respective through holes. In some embodiments of the application, a portion of the through holes disposed directly opposite the pressure relief structure have a smaller aperture than the remaining through hole