CN-122004009-A - Crop seed treatment device and method for inspection and quarantine

CN122004009ACN 122004009 ACN122004009 ACN 122004009ACN-122004009-A

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of plant quarantine and seed treatment, in particular to a crop seed treatment device and method for quarantine inspection, which comprises a totally-enclosed treatment cabin body, a cleaning unit, a sterilizing unit and a drying unit which are sequentially arranged, wherein the totally-enclosed treatment cabin body is used for cooperatively operating through a rotary screen drum, an ultraviolet lamp array, an ozone generator and a hot air circulation system and is integrally regulated and controlled by a PLC control terminal.

Inventors

LIU WEI
ZHENG RUIDONG
DU YINGLU
ZHENG HONGDAN
NIU YABIN
GAO QIAN
DOU YUAN
SONG YANJUAN
WANG BINGYOU
LIANG CHEN

Assignees

郑州市农业经济发展中心

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260226

Claims (10)

1. The crop seed treatment device for inspection and quarantine is characterized by comprising a treatment cabin body (1), a feed gate (2), a cleaning unit (4), a sterilizing unit (5), a drying unit (6), a discharge gate (7) and a control terminal (9), wherein the treatment cabin body (1) is a totally-enclosed stainless steel cylinder, the top of the treatment cabin body is provided with the feed gate, the feed gate (2) is hinged at the feed gate, the feed gate (2) is connected with the outer wall of the treatment cabin body (1) through a pneumatic push rod (3), the cleaning unit (4), the sterilizing unit (5) and the drying unit (6) are sequentially arranged in the treatment cabin body (1) from top to bottom and separated by a liftable partition plate, and the cleaning unit (4) comprises an annular spray pipe group (41), the rotary screen cylinder (42) and the waste liquid collecting tank (43), the annular spray pipe group (41) is fixed on the upper part of the inner wall of the treatment cabin body (1), the water inlet end of the annular spray pipe group is connected with a deionized water source through a first electromagnetic valve, the rotary screen cylinder (42) is horizontally arranged in the treatment cabin body (1) through a bearing seat, the outer wall of the rotary screen cylinder (42) is provided with a mesh (46), the aperture of the mesh (46) is smaller than the minimum treatment seed particle size, one end of the rotary screen cylinder (42) is connected with the output shaft of a first servo motor (44) through a coupling, the first servo motor (44) is fixed on the outer side of the treatment cabin body (1), the waste liquid collecting tank (43) is positioned under the rotary screen cylinder (42), the bottom of the annular spray pipe group is provided with a liquid outlet, the liquid outlet is communicated with a waste liquid recycling pipe through a second electromagnetic valve, and the sterilization unit (5) comprises an ultraviolet lamp array (51), The ultraviolet lamp array (51) consists of a plurality of UVC wave band LED lamp beads which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the treatment cabin body (1), the ozone generator (52) is arranged in the middle of the side wall of the treatment cabin body (1), the air outlet of the ozone generator extends to the inner cavity of the rotary screen drum (42) through the guide pipe (53), the temperature and humidity sensor (56) is fixed on the inner wall of the treatment cabin body (1) and is electrically connected to the control terminal (9), the drying unit (6) comprises a hot air circulation system and a humidity adjusting module, and the hot air circulation system comprises a heater (61), The centrifugal fan (62) and the return air pipeline (64) are arranged on the outer side of the bottom of the treatment cabin body (1) in series, an air outlet of the centrifugal fan (62) is communicated to the inner bottom of the treatment cabin body (1) through an air supply pipeline (63), one end of the return air pipeline (64) is opened on the upper portion of the treatment cabin body (1), the other end of the return air pipeline is connected to an air inlet end of the heater (61), the humidity adjusting module comprises a condensation dehumidifier (65) and a drain pipe (66), the condensation dehumidifier (65) is embedded in the return air pipeline (64), a condensate outlet of the condensation dehumidifier is led out of the cabin through the drain pipe (66), the discharge gate (7) is arranged at a discharge hole at the bottom of the treatment cabin body (1), the discharge gate (7) is driven to be opened and closed through a second pneumatic push rod (8), and the control terminal (9) is an industrial PLC controller, and input ends of the control terminal are respectively connected with a temperature and humidity sensor (56), The first servo motor (44) encoder and the position feedback switches of the electromagnetic valves are electrically connected, and the output ends respectively control the action time sequences of the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the ultraviolet lamp array (51), the ozone generator (52), the heater (61), the centrifugal fan (62), the condensation dehumidifier (65), the first servo motor (44), the pneumatic push rod (3) and the second pneumatic push rod (8).
2. The crop seed treatment device for inspection and quarantine according to claim 1, wherein a spiral guide vane (45) is arranged on the inner wall of the rotary screen cylinder (42) along the axial direction, the pitch of the spiral guide vane (45) is 50-150mm, the height is 10-30mm, the material is food-grade polytetrafluoroethylene, and the spiral guide vane (45) is fixed on the inner wall of the rotary screen cylinder (42) through a screw.
3. The crop seed treatment device for inspection and quarantine according to claim 1, wherein a quartz protective cover (55) is wrapped outside the ultraviolet lamp array (51), two ends of the quartz protective cover (55) are fixed on the inner wall of the treatment cabin (1) through clamps, and an anti-fog coating is coated on the surface of the quartz protective cover (55).
4. The crop seed treatment device for inspection and quarantine according to claim 1, wherein a micropore diffusion head (54) is installed at the tail end of a flow guide pipe (53) of the ozone generator (52), the micropore diffusion head (54) is made of porous ceramics, the aperture is 10-50 μm, and the micropore diffusion head (54) stretches into the central axis position of the rotary screen drum (42).
5. The crop seed treatment device for inspection and quarantine according to claim 1, wherein a first lifting partition plate is arranged on the inner wall of the treatment cabin body (1) at the junction of the cleaning unit (4) and the sterilizing unit (5), the first lifting partition plate is driven to move up and down through a first linear module, the first linear module is fixed on the outer side of the treatment cabin body (1), a sliding block of the first linear module penetrates through a bulkhead sealing hole to be connected with the first lifting partition plate, and a second lifting partition plate is arranged at the junction of the sterilizing unit (5) and the drying unit (6) and is driven by a second linear module.
6. The crop seed treatment apparatus for inspection and quarantine according to claim 1, wherein the air supply duct (63) is divided into a left branch and a right branch before entering the treatment cabin (1), extends upward along the left and right sides of the inner wall of the treatment cabin (1), merges at the top, and then turns back downward to form a "U" type air supply path.
7. The crop seed treatment apparatus for inspection and quarantine according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of sets of treatment programs are pre-stored in the control terminal (9), each set of treatment program corresponds to seeds of different crop types, and program parameters include cleaning time, rotation speed, ultraviolet irradiation intensity, ozone concentration, drying temperature and humidity threshold.
8. A method of operating a crop seed treatment apparatus for inspection and quarantine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the method comprises the steps of firstly closing the discharge gate (7), opening the feed gate (2), charging seeds to be treated into the rotary screen drum (42), closing the feed gate (2), starting the first servo motor (44) to rotate the rotary screen drum (42) at 30-60rpm, simultaneously opening the first electromagnetic valve, spraying deionized water through the annular spray tube group (41) for 3-8 minutes, washing waste liquid falls into the waste liquid collecting tank (43) through the mesh (46), and is periodically discharged through the second electromagnetic valve, secondly, lowering the first lifting partition board to close the washing area, starting the ultraviolet lamp array (51) to irradiate the seed surface at 254nm wavelength for 10-20 minutes, simultaneously starting the ozone generator (52), continuously injecting ozone gas into the rotary screen drum (42) at 5-15mg/L concentration, keeping the rotary screen drum (42) rotating at a low speed for 10-30rpm, thirdly, lowering the second lifting partition board (62) to fall into the waste liquid collecting tank (43), discharging the waste liquid through the air circulating device (64) through the air return channel (64), continuously returning the air return channel (64) to the air circulating through the air return channel (64) and the air circulating channel (64) after the drying chamber (64) and continuously after the drying process is completed, and step four, after the drying is finished, opening a discharge gate (7), enabling seeds to fall into a special quarantine bag with an RFID label through a discharge hole, automatically recording the type of the crop processed at this time, processing time, parameters of each stage and operator information by a control terminal (9), generating a unique processing batch code, and writing the unique processing batch code into an RFID chip of the quarantine bag.
9. A method of operating a crop seed treatment apparatus for inspection and quarantine according to claim 8, characterized in that in step one, the mesh (46) pore size is set according to the minimum particle size of the treated seed in the range of 0.5-2mm.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein in step two, the microporous diffuser head (54) releases ozone gas as microbubbles into the seed interstices to achieve uniform distribution of ozone within the rotary screen drum (42).

Description

Crop seed treatment device and method for inspection and quarantine Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural biosafety and plant quarantine, and particularly relates to a crop seed treatment device and method for inspection and quarantine. Background With the increasing frequency of agricultural trade and germplasm resource communication, crop seeds face biological safety risks such as disease and pest transmission, invasion of foreign species and the like in cross-border or cross-regional circulation, so that the efficient and standard inspection and quarantine treatment of the seeds becomes an important link for guaranteeing the agricultural production safety and ecological safety. The existing seed treatment technology focuses on improving germination rate, coating disease prevention or physical screening and the like, but has obvious defects in comprehensive treatment in inspection and quarantine-oriented scenes, including surface pollutant removal, pathogen inactivation, activity maintenance, compatibility with rapid detection and the like. Through the search, a method and a device for treating crop seeds based on quantum high-frequency resonance are disclosed, wherein the publication number of the method and the device is CN113680648B, and the publication date is 2022, 9 and 16. The patent carries out high-frequency resonance treatment on seeds through a quantum resonance instrument, aims at improving germination rate, and combines an internal scraping plate and a discharging structure to realize separation of dry shells and dust. However, the core mechanism of the scheme depends on the quantum high-frequency resonance effect which is not fully verified, lacks a clear technical means for inactivating pathogenic microorganisms (such as fungi, bacteria and viruses), and meanwhile, the structural design is focused on physical screening and discharging control, does not consider the key functions of disinfection, sterilization, residue removal and the like required by inspection and quarantine, and does not integrate the modularized design connected with the follow-up inspection and quarantine detection flow (such as sampling, sealing and tracing), so that the mandatory requirements on biosafety and traceability in the inspection and quarantine scene are difficult to meet. Through the search, a device for detecting the germination rate of crop seeds and an image detection method thereof are disclosed, wherein the publication number of the device is CN115088416B, and the publication date of the device is 2023, 7, 28 days. The patent proposes an automatic germination rate detection system based on image recognition, and intelligent discrimination of germination states is realized through plug culture and image analysis. Although the technology improves the detection efficiency, the positioning is only a germination performance assessment tool, and belongs to a post detection link instead of a pre-treatment means before seeds enter circulation. More importantly, the device does not contain any active removal or inactivation unit aiming at pathogens, ova or harmful impurities on the surface of seeds, and cannot be used as front-end treatment equipment in a quarantine inspection process. In addition, the culture environment is an open or semi-open cave dish structure, which has the risk of cross contamination and does not meet the basic specification of quarantine isolation operation. The above problems indicate that the prior art is either biased towards enhanced physiological activity or limited to single performance detection, and fails to provide a dedicated seed treatment apparatus and method that integrates sterilization, impurity removal, activity maintenance and quarantine compatibility. Therefore, the invention provides a crop seed treatment device and method for inspection and quarantine, which aim to integrate functional modules such as physical cleaning, biological inactivation, drying stabilization, information recording and the like, and meet the comprehensive requirements of inspection and quarantine on safety, effectiveness, traceability and operation standardization. Disclosure of Invention The invention solves the technical problems that surface pollutant removal, pathogen inactivation and seed activity maintenance and quarantine process compatibility integration cannot be synchronously completed under a cross-border or cross-regional circulation scene of the conventional seed treatment equipment, particularly, in the prior art, a CN113680648B relies on an unverified physical effect, an effective inactivation structure for pathogenic microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria and viruses is lacking, a modularized interface capable of carrying out subsequent sampling, sealing and tracing operations is not configured, and the CN115088416B is only used for germination rate detection, and an open cave dish structure does not have isolation processing capability and