CN-122004033-A - Kidney bean picking harvester and application method thereof

CN122004033ACN 122004033 ACN122004033 ACN 122004033ACN-122004033-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a kidney bean picking harvester and a use method thereof, aiming at the problems of large kidney bean picking loss, poor harvesting quality and insufficient reliability of the existing harvester. According to the design scheme, a soil separating roller, an even distributor and a feeding roller are arranged between a pickup and a threshing separation device from front to back along the transverse direction in sequence, the soil separating roller is arranged at the rear end of a conveying surface on the pickup, the soil separating roller is attached to the front end of a lower shell of the even distributor, the even distributor and the feeding roller are arranged from low to high, the middle section of the feeding roller corresponds to a feeding port below the front end of the threshing separation device, a grain elevator is vertically arranged on the side of the rear section of a cleaning sieve, a wind power impurity removing device is arranged above the rear section of the cleaning sieve, and a lower inlet end of an axial air suction pipe of a suction high-pressure fan of the wind power impurity removing device is buckled and covered on the screen surface of the rear section of the cleaning sieve. The kidney bean picking and harvesting device is suitable for kidney bean picking and harvesting operation.

Inventors

LIANG BAOMIN
SHEN HAIXIA
WANG LIYONG
CHANG JIANGUO

Assignees

哈尔滨秋收农业机械制造有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260204

Claims (5)

1. The kidney bean picking harvester comprises a frame (1), two travelling wheels (2), a traction frame (3), a transmission system (4), a threshing separation device (9), a cleaning sieve (10), a seed grain conveyer (12), a seed grain lifting machine (13), a conveying auger (14), a grain tank (15) and a pickup (6) transversely arranged below the front end of the frame (1), wherein the cleaning sieve (10) is arranged below the threshing separation device (9), the seed grain conveyer (12) is arranged below the rear section of the cleaning sieve (10), the grain tank (15) is arranged above the threshing separation device (9), the kidney bean harvester is characterized by further comprising a soil separating roller (22), a uniform distributor (7), a feeding roller (8) and a wind power impurity removing device (11), wherein the soil separating roller (22), the feeding roller (7) and the feeding roller (8) are sequentially arranged between the pickup (6) and the threshing separation device (9) along the transverse direction from front to the rear, the soil separating roller (22) is in a smooth shape, the soil separating roller (22) is arranged on the rear surface of the drum (6) and is arranged at the front end of the soil separating roller (7) and the lower end (8) of the drum (7) which is arranged at the front end of the uniform distribution roller (7), the middle section of the feeding roller (8) corresponds to a feeding port below the front end of the threshing and separating device (9), a grain lifting machine (13) is vertically arranged on the side of the rear section of the cleaning screen (10), an outlet of a grain conveyor (12) is connected with an inlet of the grain lifting machine (13), a conveying dragon (14) is arranged at an outlet of the grain lifting machine (13), the conveying dragon (14) stretches into a grain tank (15), a wind power impurity removing device (11) is arranged above the rear section of the cleaning screen (10), a suction type high-pressure fan is arranged on the wind power impurity removing device (11), and a lower inlet end of an axial air suction pipe of the suction type high-pressure fan is buckled and covered on the screen surface of the rear section of the cleaning screen (10).
2. The kidney bean picking harvester according to claim 1, wherein the picker (6) comprises a framework, elastic teeth (23), guide rods (24), toothed bars (25), cam plates and profiling wheels (5), the two cam plates are symmetrically arranged on the framework left and right, the cross section of each toothed bar (25) is in an goose egg shape, two ends of each toothed bar (25) are sequentially arranged on the two cam plates, in the radial cross section, each toothed bar (25) is provided with one elastic tooth (23) to form radial elastic tooth (23) groups, the radial elastic tooth (23) groups are arranged on the eight toothed bars (25) at equal intervals in the transverse direction, a guide rod (24) body is in a C shape, the upper ends of the C-shaped body of the guide rods (24) are backwards extended to form straight rod sections, the guide rods (24) are wrapped on the outer sides of the eight toothed bars (25) from front to back, one guide rod (24) is respectively arranged between the two adjacent radial elastic tooth (23) groups, the straight rod sections (24) form straight rod sections, and the profiling wheels (5) are symmetrically arranged on the outer sides of the framework.
3. The kidney bean picking harvester according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the uniform distributor (7) comprises an axle tube (16) and blades (17), the blades (17) are in a shape of three arc claws of a plane plate, the blades (17) are axially and equidistantly arranged on the axle tube (16), and the three arc claws of the blades (17) are arranged in a spiral line.
4. The kidney bean picking harvester of claim 1 or 2, wherein the feeding roller (8) consists of a shaft tube (18), a right-handed dragon (19), a pusher (20) and a left-handed dragon (21), the shaft tube (18) is cylindrical, the right-handed dragon (19) is spiral plate-shaped, the right-handed dragon (19) is arranged at the left end of the shaft tube (18) in a winding manner, the left-handed dragon (21) is spiral plate-shaped, the left-handed dragon (21) is arranged at the right end of the shaft tube (18) in a winding manner, the pusher (20) is arranged between the right-handed dragon (19) and the left-handed dragon (21), and the pusher (20) is radially arranged along the shaft tube (18) in two uniformly distributed manners.
5. A method for using the kidney bean picking harvester is characterized in that the kidney bean picking harvester is the kidney bean picking harvester according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and comprises the following steps: Firstly, pre-operation test operation, namely hanging the traction frame (3) on a traction plate of a rear axle of a tractor, connecting the transmission system (4) with a rear power output shaft of the tractor, and starting the rear power output shaft of the tractor to drive a kidney bean picking harvester to test operation; secondly, performing ground operation adjustment, driving a tractor to pull a kidney bean picking harvester to advance, always keeping the picker (6) to walk in the direction opposite to the seedling strip paving direction of the kidney bean plant, and controlling the field picking harvesting operation speed to be 5-6 km/h, wherein each component reaches working state parameters; thirdly, picking up and separating soil from kidney bean plant seedlings, adjusting the grounding height of the profiling wheel (5), enabling the spring teeth (23) of the pick-up device (6) to pick up kidney bean plant seedlings by sticking to the ground and shift the kidney bean plant seedlings backwards, picking up and picking up soil bonded at the root parts of the separated plant seedlings in the picking process, and throwing backwards through the soil separating roller (22) to continuously separate soil; Fourthly, uniformly feeding kidney bean plant seedlings, transversely homogenizing kidney bean crop flows by blades (17) of the uniform distributor (7), and feeding the kidney bean plant seedlings to a threshing and separating device (9) through a feeding roller (8) toward the middle collection; Fifth, threshing, separating and cleaning, wherein the threshing and separating device (9) is used for threshing the continuously fed kidney bean plants to separate kidney bean seeds from the plants, the seeds of the kidney bean seeds which contain impurities are screened out by the cleaning sieve (10) and collected to the grain tank (15), the impurities are sucked outside the discharger by the wind power impurity removing device (11) and returned to the field, and the working parameters of the threshing and separating device (9), the cleaning sieve (10) and the wind power impurity removing device (11) are adjusted according to the seed loss, the seed crushing and the seed impurity containing conditions.

Description

Kidney bean picking harvester and application method thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a kidney bean picking harvester and a using method thereof. Background The kidney bean pods are slender and bent, the green beans are changed into yellow brown when the kidney bean pods are ripe, the epidermis is shrunken, the luster is weakened, the seed particles are full and hardened, and the kidney bean pods make crisp sounds when being shaken. The plants show that the lower leaves gradually fade and fall off, the stems start to dry, the whole plants show mature characteristics, and the pods generally fall on the ground along with the plant seedlings. From the characteristic of seeds, kidney beans are typically kidney-shaped, and the surface is smooth, uniform and full. The kidney beans in China always keep a stable planting area. According to the plant growth characteristics of kidney beans, pods in the mature period fall on the ground along with plant seedlings, kidney beans are directly harvested by adopting a grain combine harvester equipped with a traditional cutting type header, the pod plant seedlings can be directly cut, and pod, grain and seedling falling losses exist. Therefore, the kidney beans are required to be harvested by adopting a segmented harvesting method, namely, the kidney bean seedlings are pulled up, placed and spread and aired by adopting a kidney bean pulling and airing machine, then the kidney bean seedlings are picked up and threshed by adopting a harvester, and the harvesting is completed in two steps by adopting two machines, and because the roots of the kidney bean seedlings are pulled up, spread and aired, a large amount of soil is adhered, and meanwhile, part of soil is mixed into seedling spreads in the seedling pulling and spreading process, the prior grain combine harvester with the traditional conveyer belt type pickup header is not suitable for picking and harvesting kidney beans, and has the problems that a large amount of soil is taken in the picking and conveying process, the follow-up feeding, threshing, separating and cleaning are difficult, the threshing device and the cleaning screen surface are jammed, threshing and cleaning losses occur, faults are easy to occur, and the harvested grains contain more soil. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims at solving the problems, and provides a kidney bean picking harvester with less harvesting loss, good harvesting quality and high reliability, and a using method thereof. The kidney bean picking harvester comprises a frame, two travelling wheels, a traction frame, a transmission system, a threshing separation device, a cleaning sieve, a grain conveyer, a grain elevator, a conveying auger and a grain tank, wherein the travelling wheels, the traction frame, the transmission system, the threshing separation device, the cleaning sieve, the grain conveyer, the grain elevator, the conveying auger and the grain tank are arranged on the frame, the pickup device is transversely arranged below the front end of the frame, the cleaning sieve is arranged below the threshing separation device, the grain conveyer is arranged below the rear end of the cleaning sieve, the grain tank is arranged above the threshing separation device, the grain elevator further comprises a soil separation roller, an even distributor, a feeding roller and a wind power impurity removing device, a soil separation roller, the even distributor and the feeding roller are sequentially arranged between the pickup device and the threshing separation device along the transverse direction, the soil separation roller is in a smooth cylindrical shape, the soil separation roller is arranged at the rear end of the upper conveying surface of the pickup device, the threshing roller is connected with the front end of a lower shell of the threshing device, the feeding roller is in a low-position to a high-position configuration, the middle section of the feeding roller is arranged below the front end of the separation device, the grain conveyer corresponds to an inlet below the front end of the cleaning sieve, the grain conveyer is arranged above the wind power sieve, the grain inlet is arranged on the high-pressure inlet, the grain separation device is arranged on the side of the grain separation device, the grain separation device is arranged at the side of the grain separation device, the grain sieve is arranged at the side of the grain inlet, and is perpendicular to the grain cleaning sieve inlet, the grain cleaning roller is arranged at the grain inlet and has a high-removing inlet wind inlet and has a high impurity cleaning roller. As a preferred scheme of the invention, the pickup comprises a framework, spring teeth, guide rods, tooth bars, cam plates and profile modeling wheels, wherein the two cam plates are symmetrically arranged on the framework left and right, the cross section of