CN-122004034-A - Multi-target dynamic balance optimization method, device, equipment and medium for threshing system of combine harvester

CN122004034ACN 122004034 ACN122004034 ACN 122004034ACN-122004034-A

Abstract

The application discloses a multi-target dynamic balance optimization method, device, equipment and medium for a threshing system of a combine harvester, and relates to the field of grain harvesting, wherein the method comprises the steps of constructing a multi-target optimization model by taking the rotating speed of a rotor and the clearance of concave plates as control amounts and taking the minimum combination of threshing loss, separating loss and grain crushing rate as targets; and according to the optimal rotor speed and the optimal concave plate clearance, the rotor speed and the concave plate clearance in the working process of the threshing system of the combine harvester are adjusted. The application realizes accurate solving and dynamic adjustment of the operation parameters of the threshing system, and greatly improves the recovery rate and quality of the seeds.

Inventors

QIAN ZHENJIE
LIU ZHENG
YUAN WENSHENG
XU JINSHAN
JIN CHENGQIAN
YANG TENGXIANG
CHEN MAN
FENG YUGANG
ZHANG GUANGYUE
NI YOULIANG
DAI DONG
CAI ZEYU

Assignees

农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260128

Claims (10)

1. A multi-objective dynamic balance optimization method for a threshing system of a combine harvester, the method comprising: taking the rotation speed of a rotor and the clearance of concave plates as control amounts and taking the minimum combination of threshing loss, separating loss and grain crushing rate as targets to construct a multi-target optimization model; carrying out optimization solution on the rotor rotating speed and the concave plate clearance based on the multi-objective optimization model to obtain an optimal rotor rotating speed and an optimal concave plate clearance; and adjusting the rotor rotating speed and the concave plate clearance in the working process of the threshing system of the combine harvester according to the optimal rotor rotating speed and the optimal concave plate clearance.
2. The method for optimizing multi-objective dynamic balance of a threshing system of a combine harvester according to claim 1, wherein the objective function of the multi-objective optimization model is: ; Wherein, the For the objective function values of the multi-objective optimization model, As an objective function dominated by the rotor speed, The rotor speed is changed along with the change of the rotor speed as an objective function adapted by the clearance of the concave plates, Is the weight coefficient of the concave plate gap, Is a direct coupling term of rotor rotating speed and concave plate clearance, gamma is a coupling coefficient, For rotor speed, d p is the recess plate clearance.
3. The method for optimizing the multi-objective dynamic balance of a threshing system of a combine harvester according to claim 2, wherein the objective function dominated by the rotor speed is: ; Wherein, the As an objective function dominated by the rotor speed, For an optimized weight of the grain breakage, In order to optimize the weight of the separation loss, Is a relation model of rotor rotation speed and grain crushing, Is a model of the relationship between rotor speed and separation loss.
4. The method of optimizing multi-objective dynamic balance of a combine threshing system of claim 2, wherein the objective function adapted by the recess plate gap is: ; Wherein, the As an objective function adapted by the recess plate gap, In order to achieve the threshing loss, In order to separate the amount of loss, For the grain breakage rate, the grain breakage rate is equal to the grain breakage rate, For an optimal weight of the threshing loss, Is the total feeding quantity of the materials, In order to clean the amount of grain, To clean grain throughput.
5. The multi-objective dynamic balance optimization method of the threshing system of the combine harvester according to claim 1, wherein the constraint conditions of the multi-objective optimization model comprise main variable priority constraint, coupling adaptation constraint, coupling loss constraint and mechanical coupling constraint; The optimizing priority of the main variable priority constraint for limiting the rotating speed of the rotor is higher than that of the clearance of the concave plate; The coupling adaptation constraint is used for limiting the dynamic shrinkage of the adjusting range of the concave plate clearance along with the optimal rotor rotating speed; The coupling loss constraint is used for limiting the combined adjustment of the rotor rotating speed and the concave plate clearance to meet the requirement that the comprehensive loss is lower than the loss of the optimization of the single rotor rotating speed; The mechanical coupling constraint is used to define that the combined adjustment of rotor speed and recess plate clearance is required to meet the upper load limit of the disengaging system, and the coupling load is below a set threshold.
6. The multi-objective dynamic balance optimization method of a threshing system of a combine harvester according to claim 5, the method is characterized in that the main variable priority constraint is as follows: ; the coupling adaptation constraint is: ; the coupling loss constraint is: ; the mechanical coupling constraints are: ; Wherein, the For the adjustment step of the rotor speed, For the adjustment step of the recess plate gap, For the optimizing priority of the rotation speed of the rotor, For the optimizing priority of the recess plate gap, For an optimal rotor speed of rotation, For an optimal recess plate clearance, Is a reference value for the recess plate gap, K is the slope, b is the intercept, In order to adapt the amplitude of the adjustment, For a coupling loss of the optimal rotor speed corresponding to the optimal recess plate clearance, For optimal rotor speed coupling loss corresponding to the initial recess plate clearance, For the initial recess plate gap, For a load adjusted for the rotor speed and recess plate clearance combination, For the load prevailing at the rotor speed, The load adapted to the recess plate gap, As a result of the load coupling coefficient, For the maximum allowable load power of the threshing system, For rotor speed, d p is the recess plate clearance.
7. The multi-objective dynamic balance optimization method of a combine threshing system according to claim 1, wherein the optimization solution is performed on the rotor speed and the concave gap based on the multi-objective optimization model solution, so as to obtain an optimal rotor speed and an optimal concave gap, comprising: Fixing the gap of the concave plate as a reference value, and optimizing the rotating speed of the rotor based on the multi-objective optimization model to obtain the optimal rotating speed of the rotor; and fixing the rotor rotating speed to be the optimal rotor rotating speed, and carrying out adaptive optimization on the concave plate gap based on the multi-objective optimization model to obtain the optimal concave plate gap.
8. A combine threshing system multi-objective dynamic balance optimization device, characterized in that the device performs the combine threshing system multi-objective dynamic balance optimization method of any one of claims 1-7, the device comprising: the model construction module is used for constructing a multi-objective optimization model by taking the rotation speed of the rotor and the clearance of the concave plate as control values and taking the minimum combination of threshing loss, separating loss and grain crushing rate as targets; The multi-objective optimization module is used for carrying out optimization solution on the rotor rotating speed and the concave plate clearance based on the multi-objective optimization model to obtain the optimal rotor rotating speed and the optimal concave plate clearance; and the multi-target adjusting module is used for adjusting the rotor rotating speed and the concave plate clearance in the working process of the threshing system of the combine harvester according to the optimal rotor rotating speed and the optimal concave plate clearance.
9. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor executes the computer program to implement the multi-objective dynamic balance optimization method of a combine threshing system of any one of claims 1-7.
10. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, which when executed by a processor implements the multi-objective dynamic balance optimization method of a combine threshing system of any one of claims 1-7.

Description

Multi-target dynamic balance optimization method, device, equipment and medium for threshing system of combine harvester Technical Field The application relates to the field of grain harvesting, in particular to a multi-objective dynamic balance optimization method, device, equipment and medium for a threshing system of a combine harvester. Background The threshing system is the core working unit of the combine harvester, and the performance of the threshing system directly determines the yield and quality of grain harvest. The control mode of the existing threshing system has the following technical defects: the contradiction between multi-objective balance is that the core conflict of the threshing system is that separation loss is minimized and grain crushing is minimized, the separation loss can be reduced by increasing the rotating speed of a rotor, but grain crushing is aggravated, the separation loss can be increased by increasing the gap of a concave plate, and the dynamic and accurate balance of the threshing system and the grain crushing is difficult to realize in the prior art. Poor working condition adaptability, namely dynamic fluctuation and spatial heterogeneity of field crop density and water content, which causes the problems that parameters (such as rotor rotating speed) of a fixed actuator cannot be adapted to complex working conditions, separation loss is suddenly increased or grain breakage exceeds standard easily. The control variable selection is unreasonable, the existing algorithm does not fully quantify the influence weight of the actuator on the performance, and the rotating speed of the rotor and the clearance of the concave plate are blindly adjusted at the same time, so that the control complexity is high, the response speed is low, and the real-time requirement of field operation is difficult to meet. Therefore, developing a threshing system optimization technology capable of precisely quantifying multi-target conflict and dynamically adapting to working conditions becomes a key for improving the intelligent level of the combine harvester. Disclosure of Invention The application aims to provide a multi-target dynamic balance optimization method, device, equipment and medium for a threshing system of a combine harvester, which can improve the control precision of the threshing system of the combine harvester, thereby improving the grain recovery rate and the grain quality. In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides the following solutions: in a first aspect, the present application provides a multi-objective dynamic balance optimization method for a threshing system of a combine harvester, comprising: taking the rotation speed of a rotor and the clearance of concave plates as control amounts and taking the minimum combination of threshing loss, separating loss and grain crushing rate as targets to construct a multi-target optimization model; carrying out optimization solution on the rotor rotating speed and the concave plate clearance based on the multi-objective optimization model to obtain an optimal rotor rotating speed and an optimal concave plate clearance; and adjusting the rotor rotating speed and the concave plate clearance in the working process of the threshing system of the combine harvester according to the optimal rotor rotating speed and the optimal concave plate clearance. In a second aspect, the present application provides a multi-objective dynamic balance optimization device for a threshing system of a combine harvester, comprising: the model construction module is used for constructing a multi-objective optimization model by taking the rotation speed of the rotor and the clearance of the concave plate as control values and taking the minimum combination of threshing loss, separating loss and grain crushing rate as targets; The multi-objective optimization module is used for carrying out optimization solution on the rotor rotating speed and the concave plate clearance based on the multi-objective optimization model to obtain the optimal rotor rotating speed and the optimal concave plate clearance; and the multi-target adjusting module is used for adjusting the rotor rotating speed and the concave plate clearance in the working process of the threshing system of the combine harvester according to the optimal rotor rotating speed and the optimal concave plate clearance. In a third aspect, the application provides a computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and operable on the processor, the processor executing the computer program to implement the multi-objective dynamic balance optimization method of a combine threshing system as described above. In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which when executed by a processor implements the multi-objective dynamic balance optimization method of a combi