CN-122004038-A - High-adaptability soybean harvester

CN122004038ACN 122004038 ACN122004038 ACN 122004038ACN-122004038-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of soybean harvesters, and particularly discloses a soybean harvester with high adaptability, which comprises a soybean harvester, a divider and a cutting mechanism, wherein the divider is arranged at the bottom of the front side of the soybean harvester, the cutting mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the divider, the cutting mechanism comprises a frame, a supporting component and cutting knives, the frame is arranged at the bottom of the divider, the supporting component is arranged in an inner cavity of the frame, the number of the cutting knives is two, the two cutting knives are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the supporting component, the two cutting knives are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the inner cavity of the frame, and a driving groove penetrating up and down is formed in the front-rear direction at the rear side of the top end of the cutting knives. By the design of adjustable cutting knife spacing, overload protection, convenient cleaning and the like, the adaptability, cutting efficiency, equipment reliability and maintenance convenience of the soybean harvester are obviously improved, and the problems of easy damage to the cutting knife, easy overload of a motor, low operation efficiency and the like in the prior art are effectively solved.

Inventors

ZHAO GUIZHI
ZHAO HUAYANG
YU KANGWEI
FANG HAO
ZHANG JIANXING
YONG SHENG
CHEN LICHUN
YU JINGHUI
LIANG XIAOJUN
XINJI LETU

Assignees

内蒙古民族大学
内蒙古嘉程机械制造有限公司
通辽市农牧业发展中心

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20251031

Claims (7)

1. A soybean harvester with high adaptability, characterized by comprising the following steps: a soybean harvester (1); The crop divider (2) is arranged at the bottom of the front side of the soybean harvester (1); The cutting mechanism (3) is arranged at the bottom end of the crop divider (2); The cutting mechanism (3) comprises: the frame (31) is arranged at the bottom end of the grain divider (2); the support assembly is arranged in the inner cavity of the frame (31); The number of the cutting knives (39) is two, the two cutting knives (39) are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the supporting component, the two cutting knives (39) are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the inner cavity of the frame (31), and the rear side of the top end of the cutting knives (39) is provided with a driving groove (310) penetrating up and down along the front-back direction; an adjusting assembly provided at the rear side of the frame (31); the driving assembly is arranged in the middle of the inner cavity of the frame (31).
2. The high adaptability soy harvester of claim 1 wherein the support assembly comprises: The number of the first guide rods (32) is four, the four first guide rods (32) are divided into two groups, and the upper ends and the lower ends of the two groups of the first guide rods (32) are respectively arranged at the left ends and the right ends of the upper side and the lower side of the inner cavity of the frame (31); The number of the supporting frames (33) is four, and the left ends and the right ends of the four supporting frames (33) are respectively and slidably matched and connected to the upper side and the lower side of the outer wall of the two groups of first guide rods (32); The number of the second guide rods (38) is four, the four second guide rods (38) are respectively arranged at the rear ends of the left side and the right side of the two cutting knives (39), and the outer walls of the four second guide rods (38) are respectively and slidably inserted into the middle parts of the inner cavities of the four supporting frames (33).
3. The soybean harvester with high adaptability according to claim 2, wherein the section of the second guide rod (38) is regular polygon, and the outer wall of the second guide rod (38) is slidably and adaptively inserted in the middle part of the inner cavity of the supporting frame (33).
4. The high adaptability soy harvester of claim 3 wherein the adjustment assembly comprises: the first motors (34) are two in number, and the two first motors (34) are respectively connected to the left end and the right end of the rear side of the frame (31) through screws; The rear end of the first connecting rod (35) is locked at the output end of the first motor (34) through a coupler, and the front end of the first connecting rod (35) can be rotated to extend into the inner cavity of the frame (31); The middle part of the rear side of the rotary table (36) is arranged at the front end of the first connecting rod (35); The number of the connecting rods (37) is four, one ends of the four connecting rods (37) are respectively rotatably arranged on the left side and the right side of the two turntables (36) through pin shafts, and the other ends of the four connecting rods (37) are respectively rotatably arranged in the middle of the rear sides of the four supporting frames (33) through pin shafts.
5. The high adaptability soy harvester of claim 4 wherein the drive assembly comprises: the upper side and the lower side of the outer wall of the fluted disc (311) are rotatably arranged in the middle of the inner cavity of the frame (31) through bearings, and the fluted disc (311) is positioned between two cutting knives (39); the number of the driving rods (312) is two, the two driving rods (312) are respectively arranged at the front side of the top end and the rear side of the bottom end of the fluted disc (311), and the outer walls of the two driving rods (312) are respectively slidably matched with the inner cavities of the two driving grooves (310); The second motor (313) is connected to the rear side of the bottom end of the inner cavity of the frame (31) through screws; The bottom end of the second connecting rod (314) is locked at the output end of the second motor (313) through a coupler, a plurality of extrusion grooves (315) are formed in the outer wall of the second connecting rod (314) at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, and the top end of the second connecting rod (314) rotatably extends out of the top end of the frame (31); The gear (322) is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the second connecting rod (314) through a bearing, the gear (322) is meshed with the fluted disc (311), a plurality of clamping grooves (323) are formed in the inner wall of the gear (322) at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, and the positions of the clamping grooves (323) correspond to the positions of the extrusion grooves (315) one by one; the protection component is arranged in the inner cavity of the extrusion groove (315).
6. The high adaptability soy harvester of claim 5 wherein the guard assembly comprises: The screw rod (316) is in threaded connection with the top end of the inner cavity of the second connecting rod (314), and the top end of the screw rod (316) extends out of the top end of the second connecting rod (314); the extrusion rod (317) is rotatably arranged at the bottom end of the screw (316) through a bearing; The extrusion seat (318) is slidably and adaptively inserted into the inner cavity of the extrusion groove (315), and the inner end of the extrusion seat (318) slidably extends into the inner cavity of the second connecting rod (314); the roller (319) is rotatably arranged at the inner end of the extrusion seat (318) through a bearing, and the outer wall of the roller (319) is contacted with the outer wall of the extrusion rod (317); the spring (320) is embedded in the inner cavity of the extrusion groove (315), and one end of the spring (320) is clamped at the outer side of the extrusion seat (318); The clamping ball (321), a part of the clamping ball (321) is slidably embedded in the inner cavity of the extrusion groove (315), the other part of the clamping ball (321) is inserted in the inner cavity of the clamping groove (323) corresponding to the other part of the clamping ball, and the other end of the spring (320) is clamped on the outer wall of the clamping ball (321).
7. A highly adaptable soy harvester as in claim 6, wherein said snap balls (321) extend into the cavity of the snap slot (323) less than a radius thereof.

Description

High-adaptability soybean harvester Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of soybean harvesters, in particular to a soybean harvester with high adaptability. Background In the large-scale planting and harvesting process of soybeans, the soybean harvester plays a role in serving as key agricultural mechanical equipment, so that the harvesting efficiency can be remarkably improved, the labor intensity is reduced, and the soybean harvester has important significance in guaranteeing the yield and quality of soybeans, however, the traditional soybean harvester still has some limitations in design, particularly in the use and protection mechanism of a cutting knife, and needs to be improved and optimized; Firstly, in the actual operation process, the cutter of the soybean harvester may have the phenomenon of soil biting or hard object blocking caused by various reasons, the phenomenon of soil biting usually occurs in the advancing process of the harvester, and the cutter accidentally touches the ground when cutting crops due to the factors of fluctuation of topography, uneven soil softness or improper operation, so that the cutter is worn and aggravated, even directly damaged, and the cutter is blocked by hard objects, which may be caused by the existence of stone, tree roots and other barriers in the field, so that the cutter is impacted with the cutter in the operation process, and the cutter is instantly subjected to huge resistance and cannot normally operate; When the cutter is used for biting soil or encountering hard object blocking, a series of adverse phenomena can be caused if the cutter cannot be effectively treated in time, firstly, the cutting blade is worn or damaged to directly influence the harvesting efficiency and quality, the maintenance cost and the downtime are increased, and secondly, the motor can be burnt out due to overload, so that the economic loss is further enlarged. In addition, serious faults such as torsion, fracture and the like can occur to the blade under extreme conditions, and the safety of operators and equipment is threatened; Secondly, in the soybean harvester in the prior art, the fixed design is mostly adopted for the cutting knife part, namely, the distance between the two cutting knives is determined in the manufacturing process and cannot be adjusted according to actual operation demands, and the design is simple in structure, but has obvious defects in adaptability and flexibility when facing different varieties of soybean crops, soybean fields with different growth conditions or harvesting environments with complicated and changeable terrains. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a soybean harvester with high adaptability, which at least solves the problems of insufficient adaptability and flexibility caused by unadjustable spacing of cutting knives in the prior art, easy soil gnawing of the cutting knives or blade damage and motor overload caused by hard object blockage. The soybean harvester with high adaptability comprises the soybean harvester, the divider and the cutting mechanism, wherein the divider is arranged at the bottom of the front side of the soybean harvester, and the cutting mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the divider; The cutting mechanism comprises a frame, two supporting components, two cutting knives, an adjusting component and a driving component, wherein the frame is arranged at the bottom end of the crop divider, the supporting components are arranged in an inner cavity of the frame, the two cutting knives are respectively arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the supporting components, the two cutting knives are respectively arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the inner cavity of the frame, driving grooves penetrating through the upper side and the lower side of the rear side of the top end of the cutting knives in the front-rear direction are formed, the adjusting component is arranged at the rear side of the frame, and the driving component is arranged at the middle part of the inner cavity of the frame. Preferably, the support assembly comprises four first guide rods, four support frames and four second guide rods, wherein the number of the first guide rods is four, the first guide rods are divided into two groups, the upper ends and the lower ends of the first guide rods are respectively arranged at the left ends and the right ends of the upper side and the lower side of an inner cavity of the frame, the number of the support frames is four, the left ends and the right ends of the four support frames are respectively and slidably matched and are connected to the upper sides and the lower sides of the outer walls of the two groups of first guide rods, the number of the second guide rods is four, the four second guide rods are respectively arranged at the rear ends of the left sides and the right sides of the two cutting knives, and the outer walls of the four second guid