CN-122004040-A - Intelligent cotton picking and harvesting equipment and method

CN122004040ACN 122004040 ACN122004040 ACN 122004040ACN-122004040-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of cotton picking, and particularly relates to intelligent cotton picking and harvesting equipment and method; the cotton picking machine comprises a fixed column, wherein a cotton picking mechanism is arranged on the fixed column, the cotton picking mechanism comprises a power rotary drum sleeved on the fixed column, the power rotary drum and the center of a circle of the fixed column are coaxial and are in running fit, seat pipes are arranged on the outer wall of the power rotary drum, a plurality of seat pipes are arranged at equal intervals in a ring shape around the center of the circle of the power rotary drum, positioning grooves penetrate through the side, far away from the outer wall of the power rotary drum, of the seat pipes, a plurality of positioning grooves are vertically arranged at equal intervals, penetrating grooves are arranged on the outer wall of the power rotary drum and extend to the inner wall of the power rotary drum, the number and the positions of the penetrating grooves correspond to the positioning grooves one by one, and hollow joints can achieve convenient assembly and disassembly of the spindle and the hollow joints, screwing or disassembling operation of the spindle one by one is not needed, time consumption of spindle replacement or maintenance is remarkably shortened, equipment use limitation is further reduced, and integral picking efficiency of the equipment is improved.

Inventors

JIANG JIANXUN
ZHANG ZHONGBO
LIU QINGSONG
PING WENCHAO
SUN YI
XU JING
CAO PINGPING
DOU YONGLIANG

Assignees

沧州市农林科学院
河北宜成农业发展有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260320

Claims (10)

1. The intelligent cotton picking and harvesting equipment comprises a fixed column, and is characterized in that a cotton picking mechanism is arranged on the fixed column, wherein the cotton picking mechanism comprises a power rotary drum sleeved on the fixed column, and the power rotary drum and the center of the fixed column are coaxial and are in rotary fit; The seat pipes are arranged on the outer wall of the power rotary drum and are annularly and equidistantly arranged around the circle center of the power rotary drum; The positioning grooves penetrate through one side of the seat tube, which is far away from the outer wall of the power rotary drum, and are vertically and equidistantly arranged; The number and the positions of the penetrating grooves are in one-to-one correspondence with the positioning grooves; the hollow connector is connected in a fit manner in the positioning groove and is in sliding fit with the positioning groove; The device comprises a hollow connector, a locking assembly component and a locking assembly component, wherein the locking assembly component is arranged on the hollow connector and is used for fixing a spindle on the hollow connector; the pre-assembled clamping unit is used for pre-positioning the mounting position of the hollow joint and comprises a first base, a second base and a third base, wherein the first base is arranged on the side surface of the seat tube; The opposite parallel device is arranged on the seat tube and is used for fixing the hollow joint on the seat tube so as to ensure stable operation of the spindle, and comprises a fixing toothed ring which is arranged on the outer wall of the fixing column, and the circle centers of the fixing column and the fixing toothed ring are coaxial.
2. The intelligent cotton picking and harvesting device of claim 1, comprising a guide square cylinder mounted on the first base, wherein an opening of the guide square cylinder is arranged far away from the power drum; The two sides of the limiting ring are provided with guide square columns, and the opening of the guide square cylinder is positioned at the moving path of the guide square columns and is matched with the guide square columns; The guide device comprises a guide square cylinder, a guide spring, a guide square column and a guide square cylinder, wherein one end of the guide spring is fixedly connected with the guide square cylinder, and the other end of the guide spring is positioned on the moving path of the guide square column; The locking chute is arranged on one side of the guide square column far away from the seat tube.
3. The intelligent cotton picking and harvesting device according to claim 2 is characterized by comprising a locking base plate, a locking slide column, a locking inclined block, a part of inclined surface of the locking inclined block, a locking inclined groove and a locking inclined block, wherein the locking base plate is arranged on one side of a first base, far away from a seat tube, a through locking slide column is arranged on one side of the locking base plate, close to a guide square cylinder; The locking spring is sleeved on the locking sliding column, one end of the locking spring is fixedly connected with the locking inclined block, and the other end of the locking spring is fixedly connected with the locking base plate.
4. The intelligent cotton picking and harvesting device according to claim 1 is characterized in that one end of the hollow joint is located at one side of a seat tube far away from the power rotary drum, the other end of the hollow joint is located in the power rotary drum after passing through a positioning groove and a penetrating groove, a plurality of large umbrella teeth are mounted on the outer wall of the fixed column, the number and distribution positions of the large umbrella teeth are in one-to-one correspondence with the positioning grooves on one seat tube, small umbrella teeth are mounted on one end of a spindle, when the spindle is connected into the hollow joint, and after the hollow joint is mounted on the seat tube, the small umbrella teeth are meshed with the large umbrella teeth, one end of the spindle far away from the small umbrella teeth is a working end, and the end of the spindle far away from the fixed column is located on one side of the seat tube.
5. The intelligent cotton picking and harvesting device according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising a retention gear, a retention toothed ring, a transmission gear and a transmission gear, wherein the retention gear is arranged at the top of the seat tube; The rotating gear is arranged on the retaining gear; The second bases are connected to two sides of the seat tube and are symmetrically arranged; the positioning sliding column is connected to the second base in a penetrating way and is in sliding fit with the second base, a positioning moving rack is arranged on the positioning sliding column and is in meshed connection with the rotating gear, and the two positioning moving racks are positioned on two sides of the rotating gear.
6. The intelligent cotton picking and harvesting device according to claim 5, which is characterized by comprising two bending connecting rods, two extending plate bodies, a plurality of connecting rods and a plurality of connecting rods, wherein the two bending connecting rods are respectively arranged at one ends of the two movable racks far away from the rotating gear; the fixing base blocks are arranged on the extension plate body and are positioned on the side surfaces of the hollow joints, and the number and the positions of the fixing base blocks on each extension plate body are matched with those of the hollow joints on the corresponding seat pipes.
7. The intelligent cotton picking and harvesting device according to claim 6 is characterized in that a through retaining cylinder is arranged on one side, close to a hollow joint, of each retaining base block, each retaining cylinder is in sliding fit with each retaining base block, a retaining clamping block is arranged at one end, close to the hollow joint, of each retaining cylinder, a rubber buffer pad is arranged on the inner wall of each retaining clamping block, the side wall of each hollow joint is located on the moving path of the corresponding rubber buffer pad, a retaining spring is sleeved on each retaining cylinder, one end of each retaining spring is fixedly connected with each retaining clamping block, and the other end of each retaining spring is fixedly connected with each retaining base block.
8. The intelligent cotton picking and harvesting device according to claim 1, wherein the intelligent cotton picking and harvesting device comprises an assembly slot arranged on the outer wall of the rotary swivel; The assembly sliding chute is arranged on the outer wall of the hollow joint and extends to the inner wall of the hollow joint; The assembly inserting column is in fit connection with the assembly sliding chute and is in sliding fit with the assembly sliding chute, one end of the assembly inserting column penetrates through the assembly sliding chute and then is connected with the assembly slot, and the other end of the assembly inserting column is provided with an assembly limiting plate; The assembly spring is sleeved on the assembly inserting column, one end of the assembly spring is fixedly connected with the assembly limiting plate, and the other end of the assembly spring is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the hollow joint.
9. The intelligent cotton picking and harvesting device according to claim 5, wherein the positioning rack is provided with a double-acting pressing module, and the double-acting pressing module comprises a pressing sliding groove which is arranged on one side of the positioning rack far away from the rotating gear; The pressing sliding block is connected in a fit manner in the pressing sliding groove and is in sliding fit with the pressing sliding groove, and gear teeth are arranged on the pressing sliding block and are positioned on the moving path of the rotating gear and are in meshing fit with each other; The pressing spring is positioned in the pressing sliding groove, one end of the pressing spring is fixedly connected with the pressing sliding groove, and the other end of the pressing spring is fixedly connected with the pressing sliding block.
10. An intelligent cotton harvesting method using the intelligent cotton harvesting apparatus of claim 1, comprising the steps of: S1, operating a cotton picking mechanism to enable a spindle to revolve around a power rotary drum and generate autorotation, and enabling the spindle to tear cotton bags through friction force generated by autorotation to wind cotton on the spindle so as to pick the cotton; S2, using a locking assembly component to rapidly assemble the spindle in the hollow joint, so as to avoid unstable dislocation of the spindle operation; s3, firmly clamping the hollow joint on the seat tube through the opposite parallel device to counteract the reaction force generated by pulling cotton when picking the spindle so as to prevent the hollow joint from loosening; S4, the preassembled clamping unit is used for positioning when the hollow joint is installed, so that the installation position is prevented from deviating from the preset requirement, and the normal operation of the spindle is ensured.

Description

Intelligent cotton picking and harvesting equipment and method Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of cotton picking, and particularly relates to intelligent cotton picking and harvesting equipment and method. Background The intelligent cotton picking and harvesting device is a modern agricultural machine for cotton picking, has the characteristics of automation and intellectualization, can effectively improve picking efficiency and reduce labor cost, comprises a picking system as a key component, and comprises a spindle component for cotton picking, wherein a spindle in the component directly realizes a cotton wool grabbing function, and the spindle is in direct contact with cotton wool and is easy to wear seriously during long-term use and needs frequent replacement or maintenance. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides intelligent cotton picking and harvesting equipment and method, which effectively solve the problems in the background art. In order to achieve the aim, the intelligent cotton picking and harvesting device comprises a fixed column, wherein a cotton picking mechanism is arranged on the fixed column, the cotton picking mechanism comprises a power rotary drum sleeved on the fixed column, the circle centers of the power rotary drum and the fixed column are coaxial, and the power rotary drum and the circle centers of the fixed column are in running fit; The seat pipes are arranged on the outer wall of the power rotary drum and are annularly and equidistantly arranged around the circle center of the power rotary drum; The positioning grooves penetrate through one side of the seat tube, which is far away from the outer wall of the power rotary drum, and are vertically and equidistantly arranged; The number and the positions of the penetrating grooves are in one-to-one correspondence with the positioning grooves; the hollow connector is connected in a fit manner in the positioning groove and is in sliding fit with the positioning groove; The device comprises a hollow connector, a locking assembly component and a locking assembly component, wherein the locking assembly component is arranged on the hollow connector and is used for fixing a spindle on the hollow connector; the pre-assembled clamping unit is used for pre-positioning the mounting position of the hollow joint and comprises a first base, a second base and a third base, wherein the first base is arranged on the side surface of the seat tube; The opposite parallel device is arranged on the seat tube and is used for fixing the hollow joint on the seat tube so as to ensure stable operation of the spindle, and comprises a fixing toothed ring which is arranged on the outer wall of the fixing column, and the circle centers of the fixing column and the fixing toothed ring are coaxial. Preferably, the device comprises a guide square cylinder, a power rotary cylinder and a guide square cylinder, wherein the guide square cylinder is arranged on the first base; The two sides of the limiting ring are provided with guide square columns, and the opening of the guide square cylinder is positioned at the moving path of the guide square columns and is matched with the guide square columns; The guide device comprises a guide square cylinder, a guide spring, a guide square column and a guide square cylinder, wherein one end of the guide spring is fixedly connected with the guide square cylinder, and the other end of the guide spring is positioned on the moving path of the guide square column; The locking chute is arranged on one side of the guide square column far away from the seat tube. The locking base plate is arranged on one side of the first base far away from the seat tube, a penetrating locking slide column is arranged on one side of the locking base plate close to the guide square cylinder, the locking slide column is in sliding fit with the locking base plate, a locking inclined block is arranged on the end point of the locking slide column, the locking inclined block penetrates through one side of the guide square cylinder far away from the locking inclined groove, a part of inclined surface of the locking inclined block is positioned in the guide square cylinder, and the inclined surface of the locking inclined block is positioned on a moving path of one end of the guide square cylinder close to the power rotary cylinder; The locking spring is sleeved on the locking sliding column, one end of the locking spring is fixedly connected with the locking inclined block, and the other end of the locking spring is fixedly connected with the locking base plate. Preferably, one end of the hollow joint is positioned at one side of the seat tube far away from the power rotary drum, the other end of the hollow joint is positioned in the power rotary drum after passing through the positioning groove and the penetrating groove, a plurality of big bevel