CN-122004053-A - Two-stage cleaning device for grain combine harvester

CN122004053ACN 122004053 ACN122004053 ACN 122004053ACN-122004053-A

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of agricultural cleaning, in particular to a two-stage cleaning device for a grain combine harvester, which comprises a pre-cleaning device and a main cleaning device which are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction, wherein the pre-cleaning device comprises an air supply device and an auger conveying mechanism, the auger conveying mechanism comprises an auger shaft, the auger shaft is of a pipeline structure, one end of the auger shaft is sealed, the other end of the auger shaft is communicated with the air supply device through a fan pipeline, a plurality of ventilation holes are formed in the surface of the auger shaft, and spiral blades are fixedly sleeved on the surface of the auger shaft. The application realizes the synergistic effect of mechanical scattering and air flow dispersion in the material conveying and throwing process, obviously reduces the adhesion between grains and stems and leaves, improves the material loosening degree and layering uniformity, and provides a stable material flow basis for the subsequent cleaning.

Inventors

GUO JING
SONG KE
ZOU LIANGLIANG
LU YANG
XUE YUJIAO
GAO JIAQI

Assignees

山东农业大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260330

Claims (10)

1. The two-stage cleaning device for the grain combine harvester is characterized by comprising a pre-cleaning device and a main cleaning device which are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction, wherein the pre-cleaning device comprises an air supply device and an auger conveying mechanism, the auger conveying mechanism comprises an auger shaft, the auger shaft is of a pipeline structure, one end of the auger shaft is sealed, the other end of the auger shaft is communicated with the air supply device through a fan pipeline, a plurality of ventilation holes are formed in the surface of the auger shaft, and spiral blades are fixedly sleeved on the surface of the auger shaft.
2. The two-stage cleaning device for a grain combine harvester according to claim 1, wherein the main cleaning device comprises an air supply device and a linear vibrating screen communicated with the discharge end of the auger conveying mechanism, the upper screen surface of the linear vibrating screen is a large square hole, and the air supply device conveys air to the upper screen surface, the auger conveying mechanism and the lower screen area through an upper air duct and a lower air duct respectively.
3. The two-stage cleaning device for a grain combine harvester according to claim 2, wherein the air supply device comprises a cross flow fan and a double centrifugal fan, the cross flow fan is communicated with the upper air channel, the double centrifugal fan is communicated with the lower air channel, and a guide plate is arranged in the lower air channel.
4. A two-stage cleaning device for a grain combine harvester according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of auger shafts are arranged in the auger conveying mechanism side by side, a first driven bevel gear is fixedly sleeved at the end part of each auger shaft, first driving bevel gears are meshed with the first driven bevel gears, the first driving bevel gears are fixedly connected through the same rotating shaft and synchronously rotate, and the rotating shaft and the rotating driving mechanism drive the rotating shafts to rotate along the axis line of the rotating shafts.
5. The two-stage cleaning device for a grain combine harvester according to claim 4, wherein the bottom shell of the auger conveying mechanism is composed of a plurality of concave plate screens which are connected together, one concave plate screen corresponds to the lower part of each auger shaft, a guide groove is fixedly arranged at the lower part of each concave plate screen, and the bottom surface of the guide groove is inclined downwards along the direction away from the linear vibrating screen.
6. The two-stage cleaning device for a grain combine harvester of claim 5, wherein the blanking end of the diversion trench and the lower part of the screen area under the linear vibrating screen are respectively provided with a material receiving box with small squares.
7. The two-stage cleaning device for a grain combine harvester of claim 6, wherein the auger shaft is rotatably connected through a sealed bearing and is communicated with an air inlet pipe, the air inlet pipe is communicated with a fan pipeline, and two ends of the fan pipeline are closed and are communicated with an air supply device through a connecting pipe.
8. The two-stage cleaning device for a grain combine harvester according to claim 7, wherein the air inlet pipe is vertically and rotatably connected with a rotating shaft through a sealing bearing, a second driven bevel gear is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft, a second driving bevel gear meshed with the second driven bevel gear is fixedly sleeved on the auger shaft, a rotating disc is arranged below the second driven bevel gear, and the rotating disc is coaxially and vertically connected with the rotating shaft.
9. The two-stage cleaning device for grain combine harvester of claim 8, wherein the rotating disk is of a disk structure with a narrow top and a wide bottom, and a plurality of diversion trenches are uniformly arranged at the outer edge of the top surface of the rotating disk along the circumferential direction of the rotating disk.
10. The two-stage cleaning device for grain combine harvester of claim 9, wherein the rotating disk is a hollow disk, the rotating shaft is of a tubular structure and is communicated with the air inlet pipe and the rotating disk, and the top surface of the rotating disk is provided with blowing holes.

Description

Two-stage cleaning device for grain combine harvester Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a cleaning device for a grain combine harvester, and especially relates to a two-stage cleaning device for realizing material pre-separation through the synergistic effect of air flow and mechanical conveying, belonging to the technical field of combine harvester cleaning. Background After threshing of crops is completed, the combine harvester usually consists of kernels, short stalks, glumes and part of light impurities, which need to be separated by a cleaning device. At present, most combine harvesters adopt an air screen type cleaning device, and the separation of seeds and impurities is completed through the combined action of a vibrating screen and air flow. However, in the harvesting process of small-grain crops such as millet, the separated matters tend to be in an agglomerated state and enter the cleaning device due to a certain degree of winding and adhesion phenomena between the grains, the stems and the glumes. The traditional cleaning device lacks an effective pretreatment structure, so that materials cannot be sufficiently loosened before entering a main cleaning stage, and air flow is difficult to effectively act on single-particle materials, so that the problems of reduction in cleaning efficiency, increase in impurity content, increase in cleaning loss and the like are caused. In addition, when the material gets into main cleaning sieve face with the state that gathers, the air current is difficult to pierce through the material layer, and partial impurity is difficult to in time separate, further influences the cleaning effect. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a pre-cleaning mechanism before the main cleaning device, so that the materials are sufficiently loosened and preliminary separation is realized before entering the main cleaning device, thereby improving the cleaning efficiency. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a two-stage cleaning device for a grain combine harvester, which aims to solve the problems that materials are seriously agglomerated, air flow is difficult to effectively act on the materials and cleaning efficiency is low in the existing cleaning device. The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: The utility model provides a two-stage cleaning plant for cereal combine, includes the pre-cleaning plant and the main cleaning plant that set gradually along direction of delivery, the pre-cleaning plant includes air supply arrangement and auger conveying mechanism, auger conveying mechanism includes the auger axle, and the auger axle is pipeline structure and one end is sealed, and the other end passes through fan pipeline and air supply arrangement intercommunication, auger axle surface is equipped with a plurality of ventilation holes and fixed surface has cup jointed helical blade. When the application is used, the pre-cleaning is firstly performed, and the main cleaning is performed after the pre-cleaning is finished, so that the secondary cleaning is realized. When the grain is pre-cleaned, the grain together with the stalk and the blade enters the auger conveying mechanism, wherein the auger shaft continuously rotates, the auger shaft is of a tubular structure, and air is continuously supplied through the air supply device, so that air flows through the vent holes to be sprayed out. The material is subjected to mechanical scattering in the conveying process, and meanwhile, air flow sent out by the centrifugal fan is sprayed out through the vent holes to form an air flow spiral, so that loosening and laminar graded conveying of the material layer are realized. And then break up and blow and scatter and combine together, effectively break up the adhesion between millet seed grain and stem stalk, the blade, realize evenly distributed and the preliminary separation of material, avoid simultaneously that the material distribution that leads to owing to the adhesion is uneven and the screen surface load is too big. Preferably, the main cleaning device comprises an air supply device and a linear vibrating screen communicated with the discharge end of the auger conveying mechanism, wherein the upper screen surface of the linear vibrating screen is a large square hole, and the air supply device conveys air to the upper screen surface, the auger conveying mechanism and the lower screen area through an upper air channel and a lower air channel respectively. The air supply device conveys air between the upper screen surface and the auger conveying mechanism through the upper air duct, light impurities can be quickly blown by directional air flow sprayed out of the upper air duct in the process of freely falling materials, a backward moving flow field is formed above the screen body, the light impurities are enabled to be separated from main material flow in advance and discharged out of