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CN-122004075-A - Greenhouse gas fertilizer and heat energy supply method based on biogas combustion

CN122004075ACN 122004075 ACN122004075 ACN 122004075ACN-122004075-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a greenhouse gas fertilizer and heat energy supply method based on biogas combustion, which relates to the technical field of resource recycling, and the method comprises the specific steps of sealing waste materials into a tank after pretreatment and preparing according to a preset carbon-nitrogen ratio; the invention discloses a method for realizing the control of the temperature of a plant, comprising the steps of carrying out segmented temperature control aeration fermentation, utilizing a sensor and a proportional integral derivative algorithm to dynamically regulate and control, recovering fermentation waste heat, combining biogas combustion to assist in heat supply, producing carbon dioxide gas fertilizer by biogas combustion, carrying out quaternary supply after residual water treatment, returning the fermented organic fertilizer to the field, optimizing parameters through a time sequence weighting multi-factor fusion optimization algorithm, realizing closed-loop management of a system, realizing the recycling of agricultural waste through a combined process, forming a 'waste-energy-fertilizer-water resource' closed-loop system, improving the utilization rate of resources and reducing the environmental dependence, simultaneously combining the sensor and the algorithm to dynamically regulate and control, improving the accuracy of environmental regulation, and guaranteeing the safety of biogas use through three-stage safety protection and remote monitoring.

Inventors

  • YAO HONGBIN

Assignees

  • 银川正人科技工程有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260204

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The greenhouse gas fertilizer and heat energy supply method based on biogas combustion is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of: s1, selecting agricultural solid waste, removing impurities, preparing a high-nitrogen raw material and a high-carbon raw material according to a preset carbon-nitrogen ratio, crushing straw raw materials, mixing the crushed straw raw materials with other raw materials, adjusting the water content of the mixed materials, and sending the crushed straw raw materials into a fermentation tank body through a feeding device and sealing; S2, sectional temperature control aeration and dynamic regulation fermentation, namely collecting fermentation environment parameters through sensors arranged in a fermentation tank body, collecting crop growth states and environment parameters through sensors arranged in a greenhouse, sectional controlling the temperature and aeration states of the fermentation tank body according to a starting period, a main fermentation period, a high-temperature decomposition period and an aging stabilization period, and adopting a proportional integral derivative algorithm to adjust the fermentation parameters based on the collected parameters; S3, recovering fermentation waste heat and dynamically supplying heat, namely recovering fermentation heat through a heat medium pipe in a fermentation tank body, transferring the heat to a greenhouse heat supply device after heat exchange, starting a biogas burner to assist in heat supply by combining greenhouse temperature detection data, and implementing biogas use protection through preset safety protection operation; S4, collecting methane generated by fermentation, performing dehydration and desulfurization treatment, burning, delivering carbon dioxide generated by burning into a greenhouse through a gas fertilizer release device, adjusting supply parameters according to carbon dioxide concentration requirements of crops in different growth stages, and delivering the residual water generated by burning to the greenhouse according to seasonal requirements after collecting and treatment; And S5, returning the organic fertilizer to the field and optimizing the closed loop of the system, namely discharging and returning the biological organic fertilizer in the fermentation tank body to the field after fermentation is completed, storing the whole-course operation data of the system, optimizing parameter combinations by adopting a time sequence weighting multi-factor fusion optimizing algorithm after each round of fermentation, and implementing system operation monitoring and abnormality early warning in a remote monitoring mode.
  2. 2. The greenhouse gas fertilizer and heat energy supply method based on biogas combustion of claim 1 is characterized in that in the step S1, the preset carbon nitrogen ratio is 25:1, the blending error is less than or equal to +/-1, the high-nitrogen raw material is a mixture of cow manure and pig manure according to the mass ratio of 1:1, the high-carbon raw material is a mixture of corn straw and wheat straw according to the mass ratio of 2:1, and the water content of the mixture is regulated to 60% +/-2%.
  3. 3. The method for supplying greenhouse gas fertilizer and heat energy based on biogas combustion according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the temperature is controlled to 25±1 ℃ in the start-up period, the aeration frequency is 1 time every 2 days and lasts for 30min, the temperature is controlled to 55±2 ℃ in the main fermentation period, the aeration frequency is 1 time every day and lasts for 40min, the temperature is controlled to 75±2 ℃ in the high-temperature decomposition period and maintains for 12 days and stops aeration, the temperature is controlled to 50±1 ℃ in the aging stabilization period, and the cooling rate is 0.5 ℃ per day.
  4. 4. The method for supplying greenhouse gas fertilizer and heat energy based on biogas combustion according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the calculation formula of the proportional-integral-derivative algorithm is: , wherein, Regulating and controlling an output value for fermentation parameters; is a proportionality coefficient used for adjusting the sensitivity of the regulation response; Deviation values of greenhouse requirements and actual supplies; is an integration time constant; Is a differential time constant; The time is regulated and controlled; an integral term of the deviation value with respect to time; is a differential term of the deviation value versus time.
  5. 5. The method for supplying greenhouse gas fertilizer and heat energy based on biogas combustion according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, fermentation environment parameters are collected through temperature sensors and dissolved oxygen sensors which are distributed in a layered manner along the height direction of the fermentation tank body, and crop growth states and environment parameters are collected through air temperature and humidity sensors, carbon dioxide concentration sensors, leaf area index sensors and soil temperature and humidity sensors which are uniformly distributed in different areas of a greenhouse.
  6. 6. The greenhouse gas fertilizer and heat energy supply method based on biogas combustion as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the preset safety protection operation comprises biogas leakage detection, automatic cutting-off and forced ventilation, the response concentration of the biogas leakage detection is 0.08% vol, the automatic cutting-off operation is started within 3S after the biogas leakage is detected, meanwhile, the forced ventilation operation with the air volume of more than or equal to 5000m 3 /h is started, and softened water with the total hardness of less than or equal to 0.03mmol/L is introduced into a heat medium pipe.
  7. 7. The greenhouse gas fertilizer and heat energy supply method based on biogas combustion according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the carbon dioxide concentration threshold is 800-1000ppm in seedling stage and 1200-1500ppm in flower and fruit stage, and the desulfurization efficiency of dehydration desulfurization treatment is more than or equal to 95% by adjusting the stable concentration of 5-50m 3 /h of biogas combustion amount.
  8. 8. The method for supplying greenhouse gas fertilizer and heat energy based on biogas combustion according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the plant growth stage is judged by combining the leaf area index and the growth period days, the leaf area index is less than 0.5, the flower and fruit period is more than or equal to 2.0, the growth period days are 1-30 days, the flower and fruit period is 31-90 days, and the response time of the supply parameter adjustment is less than or equal to 10S.
  9. 9. The method for supplying greenhouse gas fertilizer and heat energy based on biogas combustion according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the residual water is filtered with the precision of 20 μm-100 μm, and then is conveyed through a shed roof spray pipeline in winter and spring, and is connected to a greenhouse drip irrigation system in other seasons.
  10. 10. The method for supplying greenhouse gas fertilizer and heat energy based on biogas combustion according to claim 1, wherein in the step S5, a calculation formula of a time sequence weighting multi-factor fusion optimization algorithm is as follows: , wherein, Combining the optimized fermentation core parameters; is a factor type number; is a time sequence weight coefficient and meets =1; Is a factor importance weight; Fitting a function for parameters of a k-th class of factors; An input data set that is a k-th class factor; The phase correction coefficient; Is a parameter constraint term.

Description

Greenhouse gas fertilizer and heat energy supply method based on biogas combustion Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of resource recycling, in particular to a greenhouse gas fertilizer and heat energy supply method based on biogas combustion. Background In the current greenhouse planting process, the crop growth needs stable heat energy supply and carbon dioxide with proper concentration to ensure the environmental requirement in the growth period, a large amount of solid waste such as straw, livestock manure and the like can be produced each year in agricultural production, if the solid waste is randomly piled, the environmental burden is easily caused, and if the solid waste is simply decomposed and returned to the field or burnt, the organic matter value of the solid waste is difficult to fully exert. Meanwhile, the agricultural solid waste can generate methane through anaerobic fermentation, the methane combustion process can release heat energy and generate carbon dioxide, the technology base for connecting the waste treatment and the greenhouse requirement is provided, and the practical requirements of the related technologies of integrated waste recycling, methane product utilization and greenhouse environment regulation exist in the current industry. In the traditional related technology, agricultural solid waste treatment and biogas utilization are in a separated state, the waste treatment is not combined with the biogas production depth, products such as carbon dioxide, residual water and the like after biogas combustion are discharged directly, the greenhouse planting requirements are not subjected to adaptive utilization, resources are not effectively circulated, the parameter adjustment of the greenhouse environment and the fermentation process is dependent on manual experience, a means of acquiring multidimensional parameters in real time through a sensor and combining with algorithm dynamic regulation and control is lacked, the requirements of different growth stages of crops are difficult to match, in addition, the safety protection measures in the biogas use process are single, a complete protection flow is not formed, and the safety of the operation process cannot be fully ensured. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to make up the defects of the prior art and provides a greenhouse gas fertilizer and heat energy supply method based on biogas combustion, which comprises the steps of preparing agricultural waste materials through presetting a 25:1 carbon nitrogen ratio, generating biogas and bio-organic fertilizer through segmented temperature control aeration fermentation, utilizing fermentation waste heat and biogas combustion to assist in heat supply, using carbon dioxide generated by biogas combustion as gas fertilizer for dynamic supply, treating residual water for greenhouse irrigation according to seasons, accurately regulating and controlling by combining a sensor and a proportional integral derivative algorithm, optimizing parameters by adopting a time sequence weighting multi-factor algorithm, realizing resource closed loop utilization and intelligent management of greenhouse environment, improving resource utilization rate, reducing environment dependence and guaranteeing biogas use safety. The invention provides a greenhouse gas fertilizer and heat energy supply method based on biogas combustion, which comprises the following specific steps: s1, selecting agricultural solid waste, removing impurities, preparing a high-nitrogen raw material and a high-carbon raw material according to a preset carbon-nitrogen ratio, crushing straw raw materials, mixing the crushed straw raw materials with other raw materials, adjusting the water content of the mixed materials, and sending the crushed straw raw materials into a fermentation tank body through a feeding device and sealing; S2, sectional temperature control aeration and dynamic regulation fermentation, namely collecting fermentation environment parameters through sensors arranged in a fermentation tank body, collecting crop growth states and environment parameters through sensors arranged in a greenhouse, sectional controlling the temperature and aeration states of the fermentation tank body according to a starting period, a main fermentation period, a high-temperature decomposition period and an aging stabilization period, and adopting a proportional integral derivative algorithm to adjust the fermentation parameters based on the collected parameters; S3, recovering fermentation waste heat and dynamically supplying heat, namely recovering fermentation heat through a heat medium pipe in a fermentation tank body, transferring the heat to a greenhouse heat supply device after heat exchange, starting a biogas burner to assist in heat supply by combining greenhouse temperature detection data, and implementing biogas use protection through preset safety protection operation; S4, collecting methane generated