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CN-122004082-A - Nutritional regulation and control method for disease resistance of kiwi fruits, sprouting fertilizer and preparation method

CN122004082ACN 122004082 ACN122004082 ACN 122004082ACN-122004082-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a nutrition regulation and control method, germination fertilizer and preparation method of kiwi fruit disease resistance, comprising the steps of constructing a ternary interaction system consisting of a sulfur source, succinic acid and pseudomonas fluorescens (Pseudomonas fluorescens), applying the ternary interaction system to rhizosphere nutrition management of kiwi fruit in early spring, and synchronously realizing three-dimensional coupling of nutrition supply, signal activation and microorganism regulation and control in a rhizosphere micro-domain. Meanwhile, the salicylic acid signal pathway is continuously activated to promote the synthesis of monolignol, the high-activity laccase is used as a key enzyme for the polymerization of monolignol, the polymerization reaction of monolignol is accelerated, the synthesis and deposition of lignin on the plant cell wall are promoted, the endogenous disease resistance signal cascade of plants is continuously amplified, and the kiwi fruits are induced to generate stable systemic disease resistance. The invention can prevent and control diseases for a long time and promote plant growth in a synergistic way.

Inventors

  • YIN XIANHUI
  • YANG JINGZHI
  • LONG YOUHUA
  • WANG WEIZHEN
  • GUO KUN

Assignees

  • 贵州大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260204

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A nutritional regulation and control method for activating systemic disease resistance of kiwi fruits, which aims at bacterial canker of kiwi fruits caused by pathogenic varieties (Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae, psa) of pseudomonas syringae, and is characterized by comprising the steps of constructing a ternary interaction system consisting of a sulfur source, succinic acid and pseudomonas fluorescens (Pseudomonas fluorescens), applying the ternary interaction system to early spring rhizosphere nutritional management of kiwi fruits, and synchronously realizing three-dimensional coupling of nutritional supply, signal activation and microbial regulation in a rhizosphere micro-domain; The sulfur source is used for starting a systemic disease resistance related pathway of kiwi fruits and activating a salicylic acid signal pathway, the succinic acid is used for enhancing chemotaxis and biofilm formation capacity of pseudomonas fluorescens so as to promote the colonization of rhizosphere, and the established pseudomonas fluorescens is used for further amplifying salicylic acid signal pathway cascade reaction; Meanwhile, the salicylic acid signal pathway is continuously activated to promote the synthesis of monolignol, the high-activity laccase is used as a key enzyme for the polymerization of monolignol, the polymerization reaction of monolignol is accelerated, the synthesis and deposition of lignin on the plant cell wall are promoted, the endogenous disease resistance signal cascade of the plant is continuously amplified, and the kiwi is induced to generate stable systemic disease resistance.
  2. 2. The nutrition regulation and control method for activating systemic disease resistance of kiwi fruits according to claim 1, wherein the sulfur source is elemental sulfur, the purity of succinic acid is more than or equal to 98%, and the succinic acid is a food-grade or agricultural-grade product, the pseudomonas fluorescens comprises similar strains which are separated from sulfur-applied kiwi fruit rhizosphere soil and have the characteristics of strong chemotaxis and high biofilm formation capability, and the effective viable count of the prepared functional bacterial liquid is more than or equal to 1 multiplied by 10 8 CFU/mL.
  3. 3. The method for regulating and controlling the nutrition for activating systemic disease resistance of kiwi fruits according to claim 1, wherein the application of the ternary interaction system to the rhizosphere nutrition management of kiwi fruits in early spring comprises the steps of preparing a special germination fertilizer for kiwi fruits by taking sulfur source, succinic acid and pseudomonas fluorescens as a part of raw materials and applying the germination fertilizer to the kiwi fruits.
  4. 4. The nutritional regulation and control method for activating systemic disease resistance of kiwi fruits according to claim 1 is characterized in that a three-way interaction system adopts step-by-step application time sequence optimization, wherein a sulfur source and a decomposed organic fertilizer are mixed and applied to rhizosphere of kiwi fruits, pretreatment is carried out for 7-10 days to improve rhizosphere microenvironment and start initial salicylic acid signals, succinic acid is mixed with pseudomonas fluorescens bacterial solution and then applied to the rhizosphere, so that the succinic acid provides adaptation conditions for bacterial strain colonization, and the salicylic acid signal path is cooperatively amplified with a continuously released sulfur source after bacterial strain colonization, so that laccase gene expression efficiency and lignin deposition uniformity are further improved.
  5. 5. The nutritional regulation and control method for activating systemic disease resistance of kiwi fruits according to claim 1, wherein the sulfur source is subjected to coating modification treatment, the coating material is a biodegradable starch-chitosan composite film, the thickness of the coating is controlled to be 50-100 mu m, the sulfur source is slowly released within 12 months in a rhizosphere micro-domain through the coating, and the release rate is matched with the colonization period of pseudomonas fluorescens and the activation rhythm of a salicylic acid signal path.
  6. 6. The method for regulating and controlling nutrition for activating systemic disease resistance of kiwi fruits according to claim 1, wherein the pseudomonas fluorescens bacterial liquid is pretreated by low-concentration salicylic acid before use, wherein the bacterial liquid is mixed with the salicylic acid with the concentration of 10-20ng/mL, and incubated for 6-8 hours at 25-30 ℃.
  7. 7. The special germination fertilizer for kiwi fruits for preventing and controlling bacterial canker is characterized by comprising a ternary interaction system which is formed by a sulfur source, succinic acid and pseudomonas fluorescens.
  8. 8. The special germination fertilizer for kiwi fruits for preventing and controlling bacterial canker as claimed in claim 7, wherein the germination fertilizer comprises, by mass, 18-25 parts of 46% urea, 6-10 parts of 57% diammonium phosphate, 9-13 parts of granular potassium sulfate, 3-7 parts of elemental sulfur, 10-20 parts of organic fertilizer, 0.5-2 parts of functional bacterial liquid and 0.5-2 parts of succinic acid, wherein the functional bacterial liquid is prepared from one or more Pseudomonas fluorescens.
  9. 9. The preparation method of the special germination fertilizer for kiwi fruits for preventing and controlling bacterial canker as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) The organic fertilizer is decomposed for 10 to 12 days, the moisture content of the organic fertilizer after the treatment is controlled to be 45 to 55 percent, and the pH value is controlled to be 6.0 to 6.8; (2) Adding functional bacterial liquid and succinic acid into the organic fertilizer treated in the step (1), uniformly stirring, and standing for 24 hours to promote the activation of thalli; (3) Mixing 46% urea, 57% diammonium phosphate, granular potassium sulfate and elemental sulfur, crushing, sieving with a sieve with the sieve mesh size of less than or equal to 3mm, and drying until the water content is less than or equal to 12%, thereby completing packaging.
  10. 10. The preparation method of the special sprouting fertilizer for kiwi fruits for preventing and controlling bacterial canker, which is characterized in that in the step (1), a composting fermentation mode is adopted for organic fertilizer maturity, the fermentation environment temperature is controlled to be 25-35 ℃, the composting is turned once every 2-3 days, the drying temperature in the step (3) is 50-60 ℃, and a low-temperature hot air drying mode is adopted to avoid volatilization of elemental sulfur and loss of nutritional ingredients caused by high temperature.

Description

Nutritional regulation and control method for disease resistance of kiwi fruits, sprouting fertilizer and preparation method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural biology, in particular to a disease resistance nutrition regulation method for kiwi fruit bacterial canker, a germination fertilizer adopted by the disease resistance nutrition regulation method and a preparation method. Background Bacterial canker (Kiwifruit bacterial canker, KBC) of kiwi fruit is a destructive disease caused by pathogenic variation (Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae, psa) of pseudomonas syringae of kiwi fruit, which mainly infects kiwi fruit stems, can lead to plant growth decline and death, further causes great yield reduction, even causes garden destruction in serious cases, and constitutes a serious threat to sustainable development of kiwi fruit industry. At present, the prevention and treatment means for the diseases still mainly depend on copper preparations and antibiotic pesticides, but long-term continuous use of the chemical agents is easy to cause gradual drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria, so that the prevention and treatment effect is gradually reduced, and meanwhile, pesticide residues are overproof, soil, water sources and other ecological environments are polluted, which is contrary to the green agriculture development concept, and the requirements of high-quality development of industry are difficult to meet. The traditional kiwi fruit sprouting fertilizer has single function, only focuses on nutrition supply, fails to effectively integrate three core functions of nutrition supply, rhizosphere microecology regulation and immunity induction, is difficult to realize the cooperative promotion of disease prevention and control and plant growth and development, and cannot fundamentally solve the problem of prevention and control of bacterial canker. Disclosure of Invention The invention mainly aims at bacterial canker of kiwi fruits caused by pathogenic varieties of pseudomonas syringae kiwi fruits, and a ternary interaction system constructed by a sulfur source, succinic acid and specific fluorescent pseudomonas is applied to rhizosphere nutrition management of kiwi fruits in early spring, so that three-dimensional coupling of nutrition supply, signal activation and microbial regulation is realized, systematic disease resistance of the kiwi fruits is activated, diseases are prevented and controlled for a long time, and plant growth is promoted cooperatively. Based on a first main aspect of the invention, a nutrition regulation method for activating systemic disease resistance of kiwi fruits is provided, the method aims at kiwi fruit bacterial canker caused by pathogenic variation (Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae, psa) of pseudomonas syringae, the method comprises the steps of constructing a ternary interaction system consisting of a sulfur source, succinic acid and pseudomonas fluorescens (Pseudomonas fluorescens), and applying the ternary interaction system to early spring rhizosphere nutrition management of kiwi fruits, and realizing three-dimensional coupling of nutrition supply, signal activation and microbial regulation in a rhizosphere micro-domain synchronously; The sulfur source is used for starting a systemic disease resistance related pathway of kiwi fruits and activating a salicylic acid signal pathway, the succinic acid is used for enhancing chemotaxis and biofilm formation capacity of pseudomonas fluorescens so as to promote the colonization of rhizosphere, and the established pseudomonas fluorescens is used for further amplifying salicylic acid signal pathway cascade reaction; Meanwhile, the salicylic acid signal pathway is continuously activated to promote the synthesis of monolignol, the high-activity laccase is used as a key enzyme for the polymerization of monolignol, the polymerization reaction of monolignol is accelerated, the synthesis and deposition of lignin on the plant cell wall are promoted, the endogenous disease resistance signal cascade of the plant is continuously amplified, and the kiwi is induced to generate stable systemic disease resistance. The Pseudomonas fluorescens used in the invention is an environmental pollution bacterium. Pseudomonas fluorescens belongs to the genus Pseudomonas, is a heterotrophic gram-negative bacterium, is rod-shaped and has flagella. Can secrete yellow-green fluorescent pigment to emit fluorescence, can generate metabolites such as antibiotics, hydrolase and the like, and can grow in a neutral environment within the range of 4-37 ℃ with obvious physiological and biochemical characteristics. The effect of the fluorescent pseudomonas in the invention is similar to the principle of vaccination, and the fluorescent pseudomonas can amplify salicylic acid signal path cascade reaction activated by a sulfur source, and can up-regulate laccase gene expression in kiwi fruits in cooperation with the sulfur source and