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CN-122004084-A - Cultivation method of wild blueberries

CN122004084ACN 122004084 ACN122004084 ACN 122004084ACN-122004084-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fruit tree pruning and cultivation management, in particular to a cultivation method of wild blueberries. The method comprises the steps of stabilizing the pH value of soil of wild blueberries at 4.0-5.0, slightly trimming the wild blueberries in the initial flowering period of the wild blueberries or severely trimming the wild blueberries in the fruiting period of the wild blueberries, wherein the slight trimming is carried out by removing diseased weak branches and excessive branches, the removing amount accounts for 10-20% of the total annual branch amount, and the severe trimming is carried out by removing old branches and unfavorable fruiting branches, and the removing amount accounts for 30-40% of the total annual branch amount. The method is simple and convenient to operate, is suitable for field natural conditions without complex equipment, can improve the commodity rate and the nutrition quality of fruits on the premise of not influencing vegetation updating, promotes sustainable utilization of wild blueberries, and has double benefits of ecological restoration and economic value.

Inventors

  • WANG XIUWEI
  • LI TINGTING
  • WANG XIAOJIE
  • Mai Mingyuan
  • HE HUI
  • WANG RONGFU

Assignees

  • 东北林业大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260331

Claims (9)

  1. 1. The cultivation method of wild blueberries is characterized by comprising the following steps of: stabilizing the pH value of the soil of the wild blueberries at 4.0-5.0, and selecting a pruning mode for pruning the wild blueberries in the same growing season, wherein the pruning mode is light pruning or heavy pruning; The standard of the light pruning is that the diseased weak branches and the excessive branches are removed, and the branch removing amount accounts for 10-20% of the annual branch amount; the standard of the heavy pruning is that old branches and unfavorable fruiting branches are removed, and the removing amount accounts for 30-40% of the total annual branch amount.
  2. 2. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein when the quality of wild blueberries is improved, the pH value of the soil of the wild blueberries is stabilized at 4.0-4.5, and the wild blueberries are slightly trimmed in the early flowering stage of the wild blueberries.
  3. 3. A cultivation method as claimed in claim 2, characterised in that the quality indicator comprises polyphenols and/or flavonoids.
  4. 4. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein when the single fruit weight of the wild blueberry is increased, the pH value of the soil of the wild blueberry is stabilized at 4.0-4.5, and the wild blueberry is severely pruned in the fruiting period of the wild blueberry.
  5. 5. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein when the wild blueberry plant is recovered, the pH value of the soil of the wild blueberry is stabilized at 4.5-5.0, and the wild blueberry is slightly pruned in the early flowering stage of the wild blueberry.
  6. 6. The cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pH value is adjusted by applying sulfur powder or calcium carbonate.
  7. 7. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the light pruning and the heavy pruning are two mutually exclusive pruning modes, one of which is optionally implemented in the same growing season, and wherein the hygienic pruning for removing diseased dried branches and broken branches is not regarded as light pruning.
  8. 8. The cultivation method according to claim 1,2 or 5, wherein the amount of the pruned branches is 15% of the annual branch amount.
  9. 9. The cultivation method according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the amount of the heavily pruned branches is 35% of the amount of the whole year branches.

Description

Cultivation method of wild blueberries Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of fruit tree pruning and cultivation management, in particular to a cultivation method of wild blueberries. Background Blueberry is also known as cowberry fruit, blueberry berry, plant of the genus cowberry of the family azalea, perennial berry-like shrubs. The fruit is dark blue, nearly round and is coated with fruit powder. Blueberry fruits are rich in bioactive components and nutrient substances such as anthocyanin, flavonoid, phenolic acid and the like, and are listed as one of five health foods for human beings by the grain and agriculture organization of the united nations. A large amount of wild blueberry resources are distributed in northeast and great Khingan areas of China, and the method has good development prospect. Blueberry yield and fruit quality are affected by a variety of cultivation factors, with soil pH and plant pruning strength being two key controllable factors. However, wild blueberries have the problems of dense plants, crowded branches, insufficient illumination of fruiting parts and the like, so that the fruiting rate is low, the fruits are small, the quality is uneven, and the industrialization utilization of the wild blueberries is limited. At present, although part of cultivation pruning experience is applied to artificially planted blueberries, the pH or pruning is usually optimized independently, and a systematic pruning intervention method for wild blueberry cluster is not yet available, and particularly, the aspects of quality improvement and resource sustainable utilization under the natural distribution condition are realized. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a cultivation method of wild blueberries, which is implemented by adjusting the pH of soil and combining different pruning strengths, so that the internal quality index (polyphenol and flavone content) of fruits is obviously improved or a corresponding pruning strategy is provided when single fruit weight is targeted on the premise of acceptable yield. When the pH is 4.0-4.5 and light pruning is adopted, the polyphenol and flavone contents of the fruits are at the highest level in the test, and when the single fruit weight is taken as a first target, the pH is 4.0-4.5 and heavy pruning is adopted, so that the larger single fruit weight can be obtained. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the invention provides a cultivation method of wild blueberries, which comprises the following steps: Stabilizing the pH value of the soil of the wild blueberries at 4.0-5.0, and in the same growing season, selecting a pruning mode according to the cultivation purpose to prune the wild blueberries, wherein the pruning mode is light pruning or heavy pruning, and the light pruning and the heavy pruning are two independent pruning modes, and are optionally implemented in the same growing season; the light pruning is carried out in the initial flowering period of wild blueberries, and the pruning standard is that the weak branches and the excessive branches are removed, wherein the branch removing amount accounts for 10% -20% of the annual branch amount, and is preferably 15%. The heavy pruning is carried out in the fruiting period of wild blueberries, the pruning standard is that old branches and unfavorable fruiting branches are removed, and the pruning amount accounts for 30% -40% of the annual branch amount, and is preferably 35%. Preferably, when the quality of wild blueberries is improved, the pH value of the soil of the wild blueberries is stabilized at 4.0-4.5, and the wild blueberries are slightly trimmed in the early flowering period of the wild blueberries, preferably 15% of the total annual branch is removed. Preferably, the quality index comprises polyphenols and/or flavones. Preferably, when the single fruit weight of the wild blueberries is increased, the pH value of the soil of the wild blueberries is stabilized at 4.0-4.5, and the wild blueberries are subjected to heavy pruning in the fruiting period of the wild blueberries, preferably 35% of the total annual branch quantity is removed. Preferably, when the wild blueberry plant is restored, the pH value of the soil of the wild blueberry is stabilized to be more than or equal to 4.5 and less than or equal to 5.0, and the wild blueberry is slightly trimmed in the early flowering period of the wild blueberry, preferably 15% of the total annual branch is removed. Preferably, the pH is adjusted by applying sulphur powder or calcium carbonate. The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. The operation is simple and convenient, and the method is suitable for field natural conditions without complex equipment; 2. The commodity rate and the nutrition quality of fruits can be improved on the premise of not influencing vegetation updating; 3. promote sustainable ut