Search

CN-122004090-A - Improved ganoderma lucidum raw material cultivation method

CN122004090ACN 122004090 ACN122004090 ACN 122004090ACN-122004090-A

Abstract

The invention discloses an improved ganoderma lucidum raw material cultivation method, which belongs to the technical field of ganoderma lucidum cultivation and comprises the steps of S1, selecting and preprocessing a cultivation site, improving soil, S2, inoculating wood or replacing material in an inoculation process section, S3, under-forest fixed planting and environment regulation and control in a staged mode, controlling the temperature at 22-28 ℃ in a fungus growing period, air humidity at 65-75%, in a bud forcing period, temperature at 20-25 ℃ and air humidity at 85-90%, in a ganoderma lucidum culturing period, temperature at 22-26 ℃ and air humidity at 88-92%, in the bud forcing period to the ganoderma lucidum culturing period, controlling illumination intensity by using a sunshade net at 9:00-17:00 daily, controlling the shading rate of the sunshade net to be 70%, avoiding direct light burning the ganoderma lucidum buds, timely draining water in a rainy day through a drainage ditch between furrows, preventing the substrate from accumulating water to cause mould pollution, S4, and controlling plant diseases and insect pests in a green mode, including physical control and biological control, and natural drying after harvesting and post-treatment, and grading packaging.

Inventors

  • CHEN ZHICHAO
  • CHEN JINRONG

Assignees

  • 浙江渊健生物药业有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20251231

Claims (5)

  1. 1. An improved ganoderma lucidum raw material cultivation method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s1, selecting and preprocessing a cultivation site The field requirement is that natural broadleaf forests with the altitude of 300-800 m and the gradient of less than or equal to 15 degrees are selected, the canopy density is 0.6-0.8, a scattered light environment is provided, soil is sandy loam with the humus content of more than or equal to 3%, the pH value of the soil is 6.5-7.5, and the distance from a traffic trunk is more than 500m so as to avoid tail gas pollution; Soil improvement, namely paving a mixed layer of humus soil with the thickness of 5-8 cm and medical stone powder on the surface, passivating heavy metals (lead and cadmium removal rate is more than or equal to 40 percent), ridging and ridging, and facilitating drainage; s2, inoculation process Inoculating segment wood or substitute material; Inoculating log, namely punching holes on the surface of the pretreated log, wherein the hole diameter is 1.5cm, the depth is 2-3 cm, the hole spacing is 10cm multiplied by 10cm, each hole is accessed with 20-25 g of domesticated wild ganoderma lucidum solid strain, the water content of the strain is less than or equal to 15%, the activity of hypha is more than or equal to 90%, and sealing the hole opening by using a mixture of paraffin and plant ash after inoculation so as to prevent the invasion of mixed bacteria and maintain the humidity, wherein the mass ratio of the paraffin to the plant ash is 3:1; Filling the prepared material-replacing matrix into breathable fungus bags, filling 2.5-3 kg of the material in each bag, opening the bag, inoculating 15-20 mL of liquid strain into each bag, wherein the concentration of the fungus solution is 1X 10 8 CFU/mL, preparing the fungus solution from 20g/L glucose, 3g/L yeast extract and water, filtering the fungus solution with a 0.22 mu m filter membrane without sterilization, uniformly scattering the fungus solution on the surface of the matrix, enabling the strain to be in contact with the matrix by light pressure, and covering the bag opening with breathable gauze to avoid dust pollution; s3, under-forest field planting and environment regulation The field planting mode comprises the following steps: The section wood is stacked on the furrow surface in a 'well' -shaped manner, the stacking height is less than or equal to 1.2m, the bottom layer is filled with broken stone with the thickness of 3cm for drainage, and after stacking, the section wood is covered with thick humus soil with the thickness of 2-3 cm to simulate the wild growth humus environment; a material replacing fungus bag which is horizontally placed on the surface of a furrow at a distance of 10cm, wherein the bag mouth is upward, and the surface is covered with humus soil with a thickness of 1cm to maintain the humidity of a substrate and provide a natural microorganism environment; The environmental regulation is carried out in stages, the natural conditions under the forest are used as the main materials, the semi-manual intervention is used as the auxiliary materials, The fungus growing period is carried out at the temperature of 22-28 ℃, the air humidity of 65-75%, natural ventilation in dark place for 6-8 hours per day, and the time period is 30-35 days; the bud forcing stage is carried out at 20-25 ℃, the air humidity is 85-90%, the illumination intensity is 200-500 lux, and the intermittent spraying humidification is carried out under scattered light for 10-15 days; the temperature is 22-26 ℃, the air humidity is 88-92%, the illumination intensity is 300-600 lux, ventilation is carried out for 2 times a day under scattered light for 30 minutes each time, and the duration is 40-50 days; the sunlight intensity is controlled by a sunshade net from the bud forcing period to the glossy ganoderma culturing period in 9:00-17:00 a day, the shading rate of the sunshade net is 70%, the glossy ganoderma buds are prevented from being burnt by direct light, drainage is performed in time by drainage ditches between furrows in rainy days, and mould pollution caused by matrix ponding is prevented; s4, green prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests The physical control comprises spreading mugwort stalk around the furrow surface to release volatile substances for expelling insect, and suspending 1 yellow board every 10m 2 to trap insect such as fruit fly and gall midge; Biological control, namely spraying 0.3% matrine solution which is a natural pesticide for inhibiting nematodes and insect larvae 1 time every 15 days in a fungus growing period, and spraying 1X 10 6 CFU/mL trichoderma liquid in a fungus growing period to competitively inhibit penicillium and trichoderma, wherein the dosage is 50mL/m 2 ; S5, harvesting and post-treatment When the yellow-white ring belt at the edge of the ganoderma lucidum fungus cover completely disappears, the spore powder on the surface of the fungus cover is light brown and begins to scatter, the ganoderma lucidum fungus cover is sheared from the base part of the ganoderma lucidum handle by using a sterile scissors, and the length of the handle is kept to be 1-2 cm, so that the matrix is prevented from being damaged; the drying process comprises naturally drying in shade at temperature of 30deg.C or below and humidity of 60deg.C or below until water content is 12% or below, and grading packaging.
  2. 2. The improved ganoderma lucidum raw material cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the log is mainly prepared from broad-leaved tree logs with the diameter of 10-20 cm and the length of 30-50 cm, and the log is naturally dried to the water content of 35-40% after the log is peeled; The natural antibacterial treatment liquid comprises, by mass, 0.5-1% of kuh-seng extract, 0.3-0.5% of phellodendron bark extract and 98.5-99.2% of water, and is used for soaking log to enhance the antibacterial capability.
  3. 3. The improved ganoderma lucidum raw material cultivation method according to claim 2, wherein the log matrix preparation method comprises the steps of naturally airing peeled log for 7-10 days, enabling the moisture content to be reduced to 35-40%, completely immersing the log into natural antibacterial treatment liquid for 24 hours, enabling the liquid level to be 5cm higher than the log, fishing out and draining until no water drops are generated on the surface of the log, enabling the treatment liquid to be adsorbed on a wood duct, and slowly releasing antibacterial components.
  4. 4. The method for cultivating modified ganoderma lucidum according to claim 1, the method is characterized in that the substitute substrate comprises the following components: The main materials comprise 40-50 parts of mulberry branch scraps, 20-25 parts of corncobs, 10-15 parts of bran, 5-8 parts of tea oil tree residues, and scraps with the particle size of 0.3-0.5 cm, so as to increase air permeability; The auxiliary materials comprise 1-1.5 parts of lime, 1-2 parts of medical stone powder, 0.5-1 part of kuh-seng extract and 0.3-0.5 part of phellodendron bark extract; the water content is 55-60%, which is lower than clinker, and reduces the breeding environment of mixed bacteria.
  5. 5. The improved ganoderma lucidum raw material cultivation method according to claim 4, wherein the preparation method of the substitute substrate comprises the steps of mixing main materials, exposing the main materials to sunlight for 2-3 days for preliminary sterilization, adding auxiliary materials, adding water, stirring until the water content is 55-60%, stacking into a stack with the height of 1m and the width of 1.5m, covering air-permeable gauze, naturally placing for 3 days, using microorganisms of the raw materials to compete for inhibition of mixed bacteria, turning over the stack for 1 time, controlling the material temperature to be less than or equal to 45 ℃ and avoiding damage to natural antibacterial components at high temperature.

Description

Improved ganoderma lucidum raw material cultivation method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of ganoderma lucidum cultivation, in particular to an improved ganoderma lucidum raw material cultivation method. Background Patent CN202410250641.6 discloses a ganoderma lucidum cultivation method and its culture medium preparation, but it only depends on the traditional clinker cultivation mode, and has the following disadvantages: The raw material cultivation technology is lacking, natural antibacterial property of raw materials and environmental regulation are not utilized to inhibit mixed bacteria, wild-like cultivation cannot be realized, and medicinal components (such as polysaccharide and triterpene) are not accumulated enough; The resource utilization rate is low, the wood chip high-temperature sterilization treatment is relied on, the self antibacterial property of the broad-leaved tree segments is not fully exerted, and the recycling of agricultural wastes is insufficient; the energy consumption and the cost are high, a large amount of energy is consumed for high-temperature sterilization of clinker, and the requirement of aseptic inoculation increases the equipment investment, so that the method is not suitable for understory small-scale ecological planting. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an improved ganoderma lucidum raw material cultivation method, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology, and is used for planting ganoderma lucidum which is not sterilized, low in energy consumption, wild-imitating and high in quality. In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: An improved ganoderma lucidum raw material cultivation method, which comprises the following steps: s1, selecting and preprocessing a cultivation site The field requirement is that natural broadleaf forests with the altitude of 300-800 m and the gradient of less than or equal to 15 degrees are selected, the canopy density is 0.6-0.8, a scattered light environment is provided, soil is sandy loam with the humus content of more than or equal to 3%, the pH value of the soil is 6.5-7.5, and the distance from a traffic trunk is more than 500m so as to avoid tail gas pollution; Soil improvement, namely paving a mixed layer of humus soil with the thickness of 5-8 cm and medical stone powder on the surface, passivating heavy metals (lead and cadmium removal rate is more than or equal to 40 percent), ridging and ridging, and facilitating drainage; s2, inoculation process Inoculating segment wood or substitute material; Inoculating log, namely punching holes on the surface of the pretreated log, wherein the hole diameter is 1.5cm, the depth is 2-3 cm, the hole spacing is 10cm multiplied by 10cm, each hole is accessed with 20-25 g of domesticated wild ganoderma lucidum solid strain, the water content of the strain is less than or equal to 15%, the activity of hypha is more than or equal to 90%, and sealing the hole opening by using a mixture of paraffin and plant ash after inoculation so as to prevent the invasion of mixed bacteria and maintain the humidity, wherein the mass ratio of the paraffin to the plant ash is 3:1; Filling the prepared material-replacing matrix into breathable fungus bags, filling 2.5-3 kg of the material in each bag, opening the bag, inoculating 15-20 mL of liquid strain into each bag, wherein the concentration of the fungus solution is 1X 10 8 CFU/mL, preparing the fungus solution from 20g/L glucose, 3g/L yeast extract and water, filtering the fungus solution with a 0.22 mu m filter membrane without sterilization, uniformly scattering the fungus solution on the surface of the matrix, enabling the strain to be in contact with the matrix by light pressure, and covering the bag opening with breathable gauze to avoid dust pollution; s3, under-forest field planting and environment regulation The field planting mode comprises the following steps: The section wood is stacked on the furrow surface in a 'well' -shaped manner, the stacking height is less than or equal to 1.2m, the bottom layer is filled with broken stone with the thickness of 3cm for drainage, and after stacking, the section wood is covered with thick humus soil with the thickness of 2-3 cm to simulate the wild growth humus environment; a material replacing fungus bag which is horizontally placed on the surface of a furrow at a distance of 10cm, wherein the bag mouth is upward, and the surface is covered with humus soil with a thickness of 1cm to maintain the humidity of a substrate and provide a natural microorganism environment; The environmental regulation is carried out in stages, the natural conditions under the forest are used as the main materials, the semi-manual intervention is used as the auxiliary materials, The fungus growing period is carried out at the temperature of 22-28 ℃, the air humidity of 65-75%, natura