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CN-122004102-A - Forestation method in alpine region

CN122004102ACN 122004102 ACN122004102 ACN 122004102ACN-122004102-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for forestation in alpine regions, which belongs to the technical field of forestation, and comprises the steps of soil pretreatment, seedling transplanting, stabilizer application, later management and protection, and the like, wherein the seedlings of rural tree species are selected in spring for transplanting and planting, then stabilizer A and stabilizer B are prepared for application, the stabilizer A continuously reacts to release heat so as to improve the temperature of rhizosphere soil, the stabilizer B is used for inhibiting the released heat from radiating outwards to preserve heat, and the rhizosphere soil is warmed and preserved under the combined action of the stabilizer A and the stabilizer B so as to ensure that seedlings safely live through winter and improve the survival rate of final forestation.

Inventors

  • HOU WEI
  • Burton beads
  • Bian Baduoji
  • DAN ZENG

Assignees

  • 西藏自治区林业调查规划研究院

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20251230

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A method for forestation in alpine regions, the method comprising the steps of: (1) The soil pretreatment, namely removing weeds, tree roots and stones in the soil for 4-5 months, and then spraying a 0.5wt% potassium permanganate solution for disinfection to obtain pretreated soil; (2) Digging a planting hole in the pretreated soil, selecting 2-3-year-old rural tree seedlings, dipping roots with rooting powder, vertically placing the seedlings in the center of the planting hole, keeping the roots spread, backfilling the soil, layering and compacting, and finally covering a layer of loose soil and then pouring root fixing water; (3) The stabilizer is applied, namely, an annular ditch is dug around the transplanted seedling for 11 months, a stabilizer is applied in the ditch, and fallen leaves or straws are covered on the rhizosphere soil surface of the transplanted seedling after the stabilizer is applied; (4) And (5) later-stage management and protection, namely, later-stage management and protection of watering and fertilization according to a conventional method.
  2. 2. The method for forestation in alpine regions according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), planting holes are dug according to standards with plant spacing of 1.5-3 m and line spacing of 2-4 m, and the diameter of the planting holes is 40-60 cm and the depth of the planting holes is 40-50 cm.
  3. 3. The method for forestation in alpine regions according to claim 2, wherein the stabilizer in the step (3) consists of a stabilizer A and a stabilizer B, and the stabilizer comprises the following raw materials: the stabilizer A is bentonite, quicklime, wood dust, soybean lecithin, expanded graphite, capric acid, lauric acid, sodium alginate, chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, sodium sulfate and calcium chloride; And stabilizer B, diatomite and vermiculite.
  4. 4. The method for forestation in alpine regions according to claim 3, wherein the particle size of the wood chips is 0.5-1 mm.
  5. 5. The method for forestation in alpine regions according to claim 4, wherein the stabilizer is prepared by the following steps: Stabilizer A: S1, uniformly mixing bentonite, quicklime and wood dust to obtain a mixture, adding 15-25% of water into the mixture, uniformly mixing, granulating to obtain particles with the particle size of 4-6 mm, drying at 80-100 ℃ for 6-12 h, heating to 600-800 ℃ at the rate of 5-10 ℃ per minute, preserving heat for 0.5-2 h, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain porous quicklime particles; S2, adding 20 times of absolute ethyl alcohol into soybean lecithin, stirring and dissolving to form suspension, then adding porous quicklime particles, vacuumizing to-0.08 to-0.09 MPa, maintaining for 20-30 min, soaking for 1-2 h at normal pressure, filtering to remove filtrate, and drying at 60 ℃ for 2-6 h to obtain inner-layer particles; S3, mixing capric acid and lauric acid according to the mass ratio of 7:3 to obtain a phase change material, heating to 40 ℃, stirring and melting, adding expanded graphite, continuously stirring at the rotating speed of 150-250 r/min for 10-20 min to obtain an embedding agent, spraying the embedding agent onto the surface of inner-layer particles, transferring to a 4 ℃ environment for cold storage overnight, and repeating spraying and cold storage operation of the embedding agent for 2 times to obtain secondary coated particles; S4, adding water into sodium alginate to dissolve to prepare a 2wt% sodium alginate solution, adding sodium sulfate and chitosan quaternary ammonium salt to stir and dissolve to obtain a sodium alginate mixed solution, adding secondary coated particles into the sodium alginate mixed solution to soak for 2-3 min, transferring the secondary coated particles into a 3wt% calcium chloride solution to gel the surface sodium alginate, and washing the surface sodium alginate with clear water for 2-3 times to obtain a stabilizer A; And (3) mixing diatomite and vermiculite according to a mass ratio of (2-3): 1, and drying at 65 ℃ until the weight is constant to obtain the stabilizer B.
  6. 6. The method for forestation in alpine regions according to claim 5, wherein the mass ratio of bentonite, quicklime and wood chips in the step S1 is (10-12): (30-35): (3-5).
  7. 7. The method for forestation in alpine regions according to claim 6, wherein the mass ratio of the phase-change material to the expanded graphite in the step S3 is 1 (2-3).
  8. 8. The method for forestation in alpine regions according to claim 7, wherein the single spraying amount of the embedding agent in the step S3 is 4-5% of the mass of the inner layer particles.
  9. 9. The method for forestation in alpine regions according to claim 8, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium alginate solution to the sodium sulfate to the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt in the step S4 is 1 (0.14-0.15): 0.01-0.02.
  10. 10. The method of forestation in alpine regions according to claim 1, wherein the method of stable application in step (3) is as follows: Digging an inner annular ditch and an outer annular ditch around a transplanted seedling, wherein the inner annular ditch is 30-50 cm away from a trunk, the ditch width is 8-10 cm, the depth is 10-20 cm, the outer annular ditch is 60-80 cm away from the trunk, the ditch width is 15-25 cm, the depth is 20-30 cm, then uniformly mixing a stabilizer A with soil, backfilling the mixture into the inner annular ditch, uniformly mixing a stabilizer B with the soil, backfilling the mixture into the outer annular ditch, wherein the application amount of the stabilizer A is 2-3 kg/plant, and the application amount of the stabilizer B is 2-3 kg/plant.

Description

Forestation method in alpine region Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of forestation, in particular to a forestation method in alpine regions. Background High and cold areas are usually areas of high altitude, cold climates and severe environmental conditions. Such areas generally have the characteristics of low average annual temperature, short frost-free period, long winter, strong wind power and the like. The development of forestation in alpine regions has extremely important strategic significance for restoring a degenerated ecological system, conserving water sources, maintaining water and soil, coping with climate change and promoting sustainable development of regional socioeconomic. The annual average temperature in the alpine region is low, the day-night temperature difference is large, the soil freezing layer is deep and the duration is long in winter, the root system of the nursery stock is extremely easy to suffer from the freeze injury, the winter is difficult, the survival rate is low, and the forestation effect is limited. At present, a rhizosphere covering method is generally adopted for cold prevention, namely, the rhizosphere surface of the nursery stock is covered with straw, fallen leaves or mulching films and other materials to block soil heat loss and improve rhizosphere temperature, so that the nursery stock is ensured to safely survive winter. However, the problems of poor heat preservation persistence, poor air permeability and brittle failure in low-temperature environment exist in the practical application of the measures. In addition, the conventional materials have limited heat preservation efficiency, even if such covering measures are adopted, the soil temperature is still difficult to maintain in the root system tolerance range of the seedlings, the seedlings are still easy to suffer from low-temperature freeze injury, and the heat preservation and protection effects are not ideal. Therefore, a forestation method suitable for the alpine region needs to be found at present, and the problem that the conventional thermal insulation materials such as straw, fallen leaves and the like are difficult to keep the soil temperature during forestation in the alpine region, and the survival rate of forestation is low due to the fact that seedlings are difficult to overwintere is solved. Disclosure of Invention In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a forestation method in alpine regions, which solves the problems that the conventional heat insulation materials such as straws, fallen leaves and the like are difficult to maintain the soil temperature during forestation in alpine regions, and the survival rate of forestation is low due to the difficulty in overwintering seedlings. The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical means: a method of forestation in alpine regions, the method comprising the steps of: (1) The soil pretreatment, namely removing weeds, tree roots and stones in the soil for 4-5 months, and then spraying a 0.5wt% potassium permanganate solution for disinfection to obtain pretreated soil; (2) Digging a planting hole in the pretreated soil, selecting 2-3-year-old seedlings of a soil tree species which are free of plant diseases and insect pests, strong in growth and developed in root system, dipping roots with rooting powder, vertically placing the seedlings in the center of the planting hole, keeping the root system stretched, backfilling the soil, layering and compacting, and finally covering a layer of loose soil and then pouring root fixing water; (3) The stabilizer is applied, namely, an annular ditch is dug around the transplanted seedling for 11 months, and the stabilizer is applied in the ditch, and the root soil surface of the transplanted seedling is covered with fallen leaves or straws after the stabilizer is applied so as to assist in heat preservation; (4) And (3) post-period management and protection: watering according to a conventional method in the later period and (5) managing and protecting the fertilizer. The seedlings of the rural tree species are selected for transplanting in spring, the temperature is proper, the seedlings can be well recovered, and the initial planting survival rate of the forestation seedlings can be well ensured. In the step (2), planting holes are dug according to standards with plant spacing of 1.5-3 m and line spacing of 2-4 m, wherein the diameter of each planting hole is 40-60 cm, and the depth of each planting hole is 40-50 cm. Further, the stabilizer in the step (3) consists of a stabilizer A and a stabilizer B, wherein the stabilizer comprises the following raw materials: the stabilizer A is bentonite, quicklime, wood dust, soybean lecithin, expanded graphite, capric acid, lauric acid, sodium alginate, chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, sodium sulfate and calcium chloride; And stabilizer B, diatomite and vermiculite. Further, the particle size of the wood