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CN-122004103-A - Baking-free ceramsite soilless culture mixed matrix and preparation method thereof

CN122004103ACN 122004103 ACN122004103 ACN 122004103ACN-122004103-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a baking-free ceramsite soilless culture mixed matrix and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of solid waste resource utilization, wherein the mixed matrix comprises the following components of sand tailing baking-free ceramsite, perlite, vermiculite and coconut husk; the sand-tailing baking-free ceramsite is prepared from sand-tailing serving as a main raw material through a disc granulation method, wherein the mass percentage of the sand-tailing baking-free ceramsite, perlite, vermiculite and coconut husk is 5:1:2:2, the mass percentage of the sand-tailing baking-free ceramsite is 45% -55%, the mass percentage of the perlite is 8% -12%, the mass percentage of the vermiculite is 18% -22%, the mass percentage of the coconut husk is 18% -22%, and the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%. The invention prepares the industrial waste sand tailings into the baking-free ceramsite, thereby realizing the recycling utilization of wastes, reducing the occupation of land resources and the pollution to the environment caused by stacking the tailings, adopting the baking-free technology to prepare the ceramsite, needing no high-temperature sintering, having low energy consumption and no waste gas emission, and meeting the green environment protection requirement.

Inventors

  • DING YI
  • ZHANG JICHEN
  • REN QIFANG

Assignees

  • 安徽建筑大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260312

Claims (9)

  1. 1. The baking-free ceramsite soilless culture mixed matrix is characterized by comprising the following components: sand tailing baking-free ceramsite, perlite, vermiculite and coconut husk; The sand tailing baking-free ceramsite is prepared from sand tailing serving as a main raw material through a disc granulation method.
  2. 2. The baking-free ceramsite soilless culture mixed matrix according to claim 1, wherein the mass percentages of the sand tailing baking-free ceramsite, the perlite, the vermiculite and the coco coir are 5:1:2:2; The sand tailing baking-free ceramsite comprises, by mass, 45% -55% of perlite, 8% -12% of vermiculite, 18% -22% of coconut coir and 100% of the sum of the components.
  3. 3. The baking-free ceramsite soilless culture mixed matrix according to claim 2, wherein the mixed matrix consists of sand tailing baking-free ceramsite, perlite and vermiculite, and is free of coco coir; The mass percentage of the sand tailing baking-free ceramsite, the perlite and the vermiculite is 5:2:3; the sand tailing baking-free ceramsite comprises, by mass, 45% -55%, 18% -22% of perlite, 28% -32% of vermiculite and 100% of the sum of the components.
  4. 4. A baking-free ceramsite soilless culture mixed matrix according to claim 3, wherein the mixed matrix has the following physicochemical properties: the bulk density is 0.15-0.55 g/cm < 3 >; the total porosity is 45% -75%; the water absorption rate is more than or equal to 35 percent; The pH value of the leaching solution is 5.5-8.0; the EC value of the leaching solution is 300-2000 mu S/cm; leachate TDS value not more than 600mg/L.
  5. 5. A baking-free ceramsite soilless culture mixed matrix according to claim 3, wherein the mixed matrix has the following preferable physicochemical properties: The bulk density is 0.2-0.5 g/cm < 3 >; The water absorption rate is more than or equal to 40 percent; the pH value of the leaching solution is 6.0-7.5; The EC value of the leaching solution is 600-1500 mu S/cm; Leachate TDS value less than or equal to 500mg/L; the mixed matrix without coconut husk has COD value less than or equal to 100mg/L and TOC value less than or equal to 50mg/L.
  6. 6. A method for preparing the baking-free ceramsite soilless culture mixed matrix according to any one of claims 1-5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1, preparing the sand-tailing baking-free ceramsite, namely mixing the sand-tailing with an inorganic binder according to the mass percentage of 100 (5-20), adding water accounting for 15-30% of the total mass, preparing the sand-tailing baking-free ceramsite raw pellets by a disc granulation method, and curing to obtain a sand-tailing baking-free ceramsite finished product; S2, preprocessing the substrate raw material, namely sieving perlite and vermiculite respectively, soaking and dehydrating cocoanut coir to the water content of less than or equal to 20%; And S3, mixing, namely uniformly mixing the sand tailing baking-free ceramsite in the step S1 with the perlite, the vermiculite and the coconut coir processed in the step S2 according to a set proportion to obtain the mixed matrix.
  7. 7. The method for preparing a non-sintered ceramic soilless culture mixed matrix according to claim 6, wherein in the step S1, the inorganic binder is at least one of Portland cement, slag cement or fly ash; the mass percentage of the sand tailings and the inorganic binder is 100 (8-15); The technological parameters of the disc granulation method are that the disc inclination angle is 40-60 degrees, the rotating speed is 15-45 r/min, and the granulation time is 10-40 min; the curing is natural curing for 3-28 days or steam curing at 40-80 ℃ for 4-24 hours; the particle size of the sand tailing baking-free ceramsite is 3-15 mm, the stacking density is 0.6-1.2 g/cm < 3 >, the particle porosity is 30% -60%, and the water absorption is 15% -40%.
  8. 8. The method for preparing the baking-free ceramsite soilless culture mixed matrix according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2: The particle size of the perlite is 2-6 mm; The grain diameter of the vermiculite is 1-4 mm; The fiber length of the coconut coir is 5-20 mm, and the water content is less than or equal to 15%.
  9. 9. The method for preparing the baking-free ceramsite soilless culture mixed matrix according to claim 1, wherein the mixing proportion in the step S3 is any one of the following mixing proportion of 5:1:2:2 of sand-tailing baking-free ceramsite, 5:2:3 of perlite and coco-coir.

Description

Baking-free ceramsite soilless culture mixed matrix and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste resource utilization, in particular to a baking-free ceramsite soilless culture mixed matrix and a preparation method thereof. Background The Sand Tailings (ST) mainly originate from wastes in ore exploitation, ore dressing and smelting processes, particularly in exploitation of metal ores, nonmetallic ores and coal mines, have large production quantity, can be used for soil improvement, building materials, road fillers and the like, and are also explored by partial enterprises and research institutions to improve the utilization rate of the tailings. Soilless culture refers to a method for cultivating crops by using nutrient solution or solid matrix and nutrient solution without using natural soil, and comprises water culture, aeroponic culture, matrix culture and the like. The common matrix materials are divided into two types, namely organic substances including peat, rice hulls, coconut shells, bagasse, sawn timber, bark, compost and the like, and inorganic substances including sand, gravel, perlite, vermiculite, slag, foamed plastic particles, agricultural rock wool and the like. The organic matrix has larger porosity among particles, is loose and breathable, has good water absorption and retention performances, has the defects of lack of stability of quality, stable and uniform quality of inorganic matrix, decomposition resistance and large porosity, and has the defects of smaller cation exchange capacity and weaker buffering capacity. If the recycling of the low-pollution sand tailings is combined with the soilless culture substrate, the sand tailings ceramsite is taken as a substrate or a soil improvement substance, so that on one hand, the recycling rate of the sand tailings can be improved, the reasonable utilization of wastes is realized, on the other hand, the substrate performance can be improved, the planting cost and the environmental pollution caused by solid wastes are reduced, and therefore, the development of the soilless culture substrate prepared by using the sand tailings has important environmental benefit and economic value. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides a baking-free ceramsite soilless culture mixed matrix and a preparation method thereof. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: A baking-free ceramsite soilless culture mixed matrix, which comprises the following components: sand tailing baking-free ceramsite, perlite, vermiculite and coconut husk; The sand tailing baking-free ceramsite is prepared from sand tailing serving as a main raw material through a disc granulation method. As a preferable scheme, the mass percentage of the sand tailing baking-free ceramsite, the perlite, the vermiculite and the coconut husk is 5:1:2:2; The sand tailing baking-free ceramsite comprises, by mass, 45% -55% of perlite, 8% -12% of vermiculite, 18% -22% of coconut coir and 100% of the sum of the components. As a preferable scheme, the mixed matrix consists of sand tailing baking-free ceramsite, perlite and vermiculite; The mass percentage of the sand tailing baking-free ceramsite, the perlite and the vermiculite is 5:2:3; the sand tailing baking-free ceramsite comprises, by mass, 45% -55%, 18% -22% of perlite, 28% -32% of vermiculite and 100% of the sum of the components. Preferably, the mixed matrix has the following physicochemical properties: the bulk density is 0.15-0.55 g/cm < 3 >; the total porosity is 45% -75%; the water absorption rate is more than or equal to 35 percent; The pH value of the leaching solution is 5.5-8.0; the EC value of the leaching solution is 300-2000 mu S/cm; leachate TDS value not more than 600mg/L. Preferably, the mixed matrix has the following preferred physicochemical properties: The bulk density is 0.2-0.5 g/cm < 3 >; The water absorption rate is more than or equal to 40 percent; the pH value of the leaching solution is 6.0-7.5; The EC value of the leaching solution is 600-1500 mu S/cm; Leachate TDS value less than or equal to 500mg/L; the mixed matrix without coconut husk has COD value less than or equal to 100mg/L and TOC value less than or equal to 50mg/L. The preparation method for the baking-free ceramsite soilless culture mixed matrix comprises the following steps: s1, preparing the sand-tailing baking-free ceramsite, namely mixing the sand-tailing with an inorganic binder according to the mass percentage of 100 (5-20), adding water accounting for 15-30% of the total mass, preparing the sand-tailing baking-free ceramsite raw pellets by a disc granulation method, and curing to obtain a sand-tailing baking-free ceramsite finished product; S2, preprocessing the substrate raw material, namely sieving perlite and vermiculite respectively, soaking and dehydrating cocoanut coir to the wat