CN-122004104-A - European moon special nutrient soil based on agricultural fishery waste and preparation method thereof

CN122004104ACN 122004104 ACN122004104 ACN 122004104ACN-122004104-A

Abstract

The invention provides a special European moon nutrient soil for agricultural fishery waste and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of seedling substrates. The special nutrient soil for European moon uses cane shoot leaves, fish product offcuts and rice bran oil processing wastes as core raw materials, thereby greatly reducing the cost. The total porosity is matched with the requirement of Europe and moon on the high-porosity nutrient soil through the cooperation of perlite, vermiculite and decomposed cane shoot leaves. The pH value is regulated and controlled by the sulfur powder and the plant ash, and three types of decomposed wastes are matched with the calcium superphosphate and the plant ash, so that a nutrition supply curve of 'early slow release and rapid release in the flowering phase' is constructed, and the nutrition requirement of the European month growth cycle is adapted. The preparation method realizes the cooperative recycling of three wastes through a three-stage process of pretreatment, directional decomposition, mixing and blending, reduces pollution, protects ecology, has short fermentation period and low preparation cost, avoids the defect of single waste matrix, ensures that the nutrient soil is completely suitable for European month growth, improves the utilization rate of resources, and is beneficial to large-scale production.

Inventors

WU YUXUE
ZHANG YUTENG
JIN TING
XU SHAOJIE
REN LONG

Assignees

浙大宁波理工学院

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20251231

Claims (10)

1. The special European moon nutrition soil based on agricultural fishery waste is characterized by comprising, by mass, 25-35 parts of decomposed water bamboo leaves, 15-20 parts of decomposed fish product offal, 10-15 parts of decomposed rice bran oil processing waste, 10-15 parts of perlite, 8-12 parts of coconut husk, 5-8 parts of vermiculite, 3-5 parts of plant ash, 2-3 parts of calcium superphosphate and 0.5-1 part of sulfur powder.
2. The special European moon nutrient soil based on agricultural fishery waste according to claim 1, wherein the cellulose degradation rate of the decomposed cane shoot leaves is more than or equal to 80%, the organic matter content is more than or equal to 50%, and the particle size is 1-2 cm; and/or the protein conversion rate of the decomposed fish product leftovers is more than or equal to 90%, the nitrogen content is more than or equal to 3.0%, the water content is less than or equal to 15%, and the grain size is 0.5-1cm; And/or the phosphorus content of the decomposed rice bran oil processing waste is more than or equal to 1.5%, the pH value is 7.0-7.5, and the particle size is 1-2 mm.
3. The agricultural-fishery-waste-based European-month dedicated nutrient soil according to claim 1, wherein the pH value of the agricultural-fishery-waste-based European-month dedicated nutrient soil is 5.5-6.5, the total porosity is 60% -70%, the non-capillary porosity is not less than 35%, the organic matter content is not less than 35%, the total content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is not less than 4%, and the fertilizer efficiency period is 8-10 months.
4. A method for preparing the agricultural fishery waste-based european union soil according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of: S1, pretreatment, namely removing impurities from cane shoot leaves and crushing the cane shoot leaves to obtain pretreated cane shoot leaves, removing impurities from fish products and grinding the fish products to obtain pretreated fish products, and carrying out magnetic separation, impurity removal and crushing on rice bran oil processing wastes to obtain pretreated rice bran processing wastes; S2, directional decomposition treatment: S2.1, preparing decomposed cane shoot leaves, namely fermenting the pretreated cane shoot leaves obtained in the step S1 under the action of a decomposing agent, wherein the decomposing agent is a composite microbial inoculum formed by compounding bacillus subtilis and aspergillus niger, and stopping the fermentation until the cellulose degradation rate of the pretreated cane shoot leaves is more than or equal to 80 percent to obtain cane shoot leaf fermentation products; s2.2, preparing decomposed fish product offal, namely fermenting the pretreated fish product offal obtained in the step S1 under the action of an EM microbial inoculum, and stirring in a sectional manner in the fermentation process, wherein the first section is stirred once per day to remove ammonia, the second section is stirred once per five days to keep nitrogen, and the fermentation is stopped until the protein conversion rate of the pretreated fish product offal is more than or equal to 90%, so as to obtain a fish product fermentation product; S2.3, preparing thoroughly decomposed rice bran oil processing waste, namely fermenting the pretreated rice bran oil processing waste obtained in the step S1 at the water content of 50-55% and the temperature of 50-60 ℃ to degrade alkaline substances in the pretreated processing waste and promote the activation of phosphorus elements, fermenting until the phosphorus content of a rice bran oil fermentation product is more than or equal to 1.5%, and the pH value is 7.0-7.5, and sieving to obtain the thoroughly decomposed rice bran oil processing waste; S3, mixing, namely weighing 25-35 parts of decomposed cane shoot leaves, 15-20 parts of decomposed fish product offal, 10-15 parts of decomposed rice bran oil processing waste, 10-15 parts of perlite, 8-12 parts of coconut husk, 5-8 parts of vermiculite and 3-5 parts of plant ash in the step S2 according to the parts by weight, stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed material, adding 2-3 parts of calcium superphosphate and 0.5-1 part of sulfur powder into the mixed material, stirring and uniformly mixing, detecting, adjusting the pH value to be 5.5-6.5 and the total porosity to be 60-70%, and obtaining the special European and lunar nutrient soil based on agricultural waste.
5. The method for preparing the special European moon nutrient soil based on agricultural fishery waste according to claim 4, wherein the crushing device in the step S1 is a double-shaft crusher, the rotating speed of the double-shaft crusher is 1200-1500 r/min, and the particle size of the pretreated cane shoot leaves is 1-2 cm; And/or, the fish product offal in the step S1 comprises one or more of fish heads, fish tails and fish viscera; And/or the grinding device in the step S1 is a colloid mill, the clearance of the colloid mill is 0.5-1 mm, and the particle size of the offal of the pretreated fish product is 2-3 cm; And/or the magnetic field intensity adopted by the magnetic separation impurity removal in the step S1 is 1200-1500 Gs, and the particle size of the pretreated rice bran oil processing waste is less than or equal to 5 cm.
6. The method for preparing the special European moon nutrient soil based on the agricultural fishery waste according to claim 4, wherein the dosage of the decomposing inoculant in the step S2.1 is 0.3% -0.5 wt% of the mass of the pretreated cane shoot leaves; And/or the mass ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the aspergillus niger in the composite microbial inoculum in the step S2.1 is 1:1, and the number of active bacteria is more than or equal to 2 multiplied by 10 8 CFU/g; And/or, the fermentation treatment in the step S2.1 comprises the steps of putting the pretreated cane shoot leaves into a fermentation tank, adding the decomposing agent, adjusting the water content of the pretreated cane shoot leaves to 55% -60%, piling up the pretreated cane shoot leaves into a pile body with a set specification, fermenting for 25-30 days at 55-65 ℃, and turning over the pile periodically during the period; and/or the sterilization in the step S2.1 is carried out at a temperature of 100-120 ℃ for 30-40 min.
7. The method for preparing the European moon dedicated nutrient soil based on the agricultural fishery waste according to claim 4, wherein the dosage of the EM microbial inoculum in the step S2.2 is 0.5-0.8% of the mass of the offal of the pretreated fishery product, and the number of active bacteria in the EM microbial inoculum is not less than 1 multiplied by 10 9 CFU/g; And/or, the fermentation treatment in the step S2.2 is to put the offal of the pretreated fish product into a sealed fermentation tank, add the EM microbial inoculum and adjust the water content of the offal of the pretreated fish product to 60% -65%, ferment for 30-35 days at 60-70 ℃ after introducing nitrogen to create an anaerobic environment, and stir in sections during the period; and/or the temperature of the drying and dehydration in the step S2.2 is 70-80 ℃, and the dehydration is carried out until the water content of the fermentation product of the fishing product is less than or equal to 15%.
8. The method for preparing the European and lunar specialized nutrient soil based on agricultural and fishery waste according to claim 4, wherein the fermentation treatment in the step S2.3 is to put the pretreated rice bran oil processing waste into a fermentation tank, stack the pretreated rice bran oil processing waste into a stack body with a set specification, adjust the water content of the pretreated rice bran oil processing waste to 50% -55%, and naturally ferment for 20-25 days at 50-60 ℃, and periodically turn the stack during the period to promote the activation of phosphorus element.
9. The method for preparing the European moon dedicated nutrient soil based on agricultural fishery waste according to claim 4, wherein the stirring and mixing device in the step S3 is a double-screw stirrer, and the stirring rotating speed of the double-screw stirrer is 300-500 r/min.
10. The method for preparing the European moon dedicated nutrient soil based on agricultural and fishery waste according to claim 4, wherein in the step S3, if the pH value is detected to be higher, the sulfuric powder is added for adjustment, and if the porosity is detected to be insufficient, the perlite is added for adjustment.

Description

European moon special nutrient soil based on agricultural fishery waste and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of seedling raising substrates, in particular to a special European moon nutrition soil based on agricultural fishery waste and a preparation method thereof. Background The European rose (abbreviated as 'European month') is a hybrid species of Rosa genus of Rosaceae family, has long flowering period, large flower shape and high ornamental value, and becomes an important cultivation species of modern flower industry. The Europe root system is a root system, has strict requirements on physicochemical properties and nutrient supply of a culture medium, has ventilation pores, has no capillary porosity of more than or equal to 35 percent to ensure the respiration of the root system, has nutrient supply, has high organic matters (more than or equal to 30 percent) and balanced nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (the total content of the organic matters is more than or equal to 4 percent) continuously supplied in the flowering phase, is sensitive to microelements such as iron, calcium and the like, and can realize the optimal growth state under the slightly acidic condition with the pH value of 5.5-6.5 in the acid-base environment. However, the existing European month culture medium has two major technical bottlenecks, which severely restrict the large-scale and exquisite culture development. Firstly, the raw material system is unreasonable, the contradiction between the cost and the environmental protection is outstanding, the existing matrix depends on non-renewable resources such as peat and the like, the price rises in successive years, the production cost of the matrix is high, the ecological environment damage of the wetland can be caused by excessive exploitation, and when agricultural wastes such as straws and the like are adopted for replacement, the nitrogen supply of the matrix is insufficient due to the fact that the carbon-nitrogen ratio is too high (about 80:1), and the flowering quantity and the flowering quality of Europe month are seriously influenced. Secondly, the suitability of the formula is poor, the growth requirement and the substrate performance are not matched, the existing substrate does not design a special release curve according to the nutrient requirement of the European month growth period, the phenomenon of 'fertilizer removal' easily occurs in the flowering period, the flower diameter is reduced by 20% -30%, meanwhile, the total porosity of the substrate is generally lower than 55%, the balance of air permeability and water retention cannot be realized, the occurrence rate of accumulated water rotting root exceeds 40%, and the European month survival rate and the growth quality are seriously influenced. Meanwhile, the recycling utilization of agricultural fishery waste faces remarkable technology short plates, cane shoots are rich in a large amount of cellulose (35% -40%) and hemicellulose (20% -25%), direct composting degradation is slow, resource waste is serious, the protein content of fish products leftovers is up to 60% -70%, the fish products are easy to rot and stink, the nitrogen loss rate is over 50%, the recycling utilization efficiency is low, rice bran oil processing waste is rich in phosphorus elements (3% -5%), the alkalinity of the rice bran oil processing waste is strong (pH is 8.0-9.0), the pH imbalance of a cultivation substrate is easily caused when the rice bran oil processing waste is used alone, and the rice bran oil processing waste cannot be adapted to acid-base environments for Europe month growth. More importantly, the existing waste treatment technology is developed aiming at single waste, so that the resource utilization rate and the added value of the product are low. Therefore, development of Europe and moon nutrient soil based on directional treatment of composite agricultural fishery waste and preparation technology thereof are needed, and cooperative development of waste resource utilization and Europe and moon high-quality cultivation is realized. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides the European and lunar special nutrient soil based on the agricultural fishery waste and the preparation method thereof. The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows: in a first aspect, the invention provides European moon special nutrient soil based on agricultural fishery waste, which comprises, by mass, 25-35 parts of decomposed wild rice stem leaves, 15-20 parts of decomposed fish product offal, 10-15 parts of decomposed rice bran oil processing waste, 10-15 parts of perlite, 8-12 parts of coconut husk, 5-8 parts of vermiculite, 3-5 parts of plant ash, 2-3 parts of calcium superphosphate and 0.5-1 part of sulfur powder. In one possible implementation mode, the cellulose degradation rate of the decomposed cane shoot leaves is more