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CN-122004125-A - Method for inducing cane polyploid plant by colchicine

CN122004125ACN 122004125 ACN122004125 ACN 122004125ACN-122004125-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant polyploid breeding, and particularly relates to a method for inducing a cane polyploid plant by using colchicine. The invention utilizes 0.03-0.04% colchicine solution to induce sprouted cane seeds for 48-72h, the colchicine can induce cane chromosomes to double, so that plants are huge, and meanwhile, the growth speed is accelerated, on one hand, the yield of cane rattan is improved, the cultivation cost is reduced, the economic benefit is greatly improved, on the other hand, the softer quality of cane rattan can be improved, the multi-aspect application of cane rattan is developed, and the cane rattan is used for producing different types of rattan products, and high-value utilization of cane rattan and product development are realized. The results of the examples show that the induction rate of the polyploid plant of the cane rattan is as high as 6.36-12.73%. Furthermore, the invention uses gibberellin solution to germinate the cane seeds after germination accelerating treatment, so that the germination period of the cane seeds can be greatly shortened, the germination rate and the germination vigor of the cane seeds can be improved, and seedlings can be tidily grown.

Inventors

  • CHEN BENXUE
  • ZHANG HUIBIN
  • LI HUIYUN
  • LI YANBING
  • ZHENG YUHONG

Assignees

  • 周口师范学院

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260414

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A method for inducing a cane polyploid plant is characterized by comprising the following steps of inducing germinated cane seeds for 48-72h by using 0.03-0.04% colchicine solution.
  2. 2. The method of induction according to claim 1, characterized in that the volume ratio of colchicine solution to post-germination cane seeds is (2-3): 1.
  3. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the inducing means comprises soaking shaking at a speed of 110-120rpm.
  4. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the post-germination cane seed has a embryogenic axial length of 0.1 cm to 0.3cm.
  5. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the method for preparing germinated cane seeds comprises germinating cane seeds with gibberellin solution to obtain germinated cane seeds.
  6. 6. The method of induction according to claim 5, wherein the concentration of the gibberellin solution is 200-1000mg/L, and the volume ratio of the gibberellin solution to the cane seeds is (2-3): 1.
  7. 7. The induction method according to claim 5, wherein the germination accelerating treatment is performed for 48-72 hours, and the germination accelerating treatment is performed by soaking and shaking at a rotation speed of 110-120rpm.
  8. 8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the method further comprises identifying the induced seedlings after sowing the induced cane seeds after the induction is completed and after the seeds develop leaves, wherein the identified indexes comprise one or more of leaf type, leaf length, leaf width and leaf aspect ratio, and the induced seedlings can be judged as successful induction when compared with cane seedlings obtained by sowing the cane seeds before induction by one or more of the following results: 1) palm-shaped full-crack leaf shape, reduced small leaf number, 2) obviously improved small leaf length, 3) obviously improved small leaf width, and 4) obviously improved small leaf length-width ratio.
  9. 9. Use of the cane seed obtained by the induction method of any one of claims 1-8 in breeding cane polyploid plants.
  10. 10. A method of breeding a cane polyploid plant, comprising the steps of: Inducing the cane seeds by the induction method of any one of claims 1-8, sowing and culturing the polyploid cane seeds, and transplanting cane plants for field management at the end of the first growing period of cane.

Description

Method for inducing cane polyploid plant by colchicine Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of plant polyploid breeding, and particularly relates to a method for inducing a cane polyploid plant by using colchicine. Background Cane vine (Calamus rhabdocladusBurret) is a climbing vine of the genus rattan of the family palmaceae, is loved to warm and moist climates, has both yin-resistance and cold-resistance properties, is mainly used in dense forests or forest edges, and is an important component of the tropical rainforest ecosystem. The cane seedlings can be used for treating traumatic injury, and the produced rattan is hard in texture, is often matched with the small white rattan to be used for manufacturing furniture skeletons, walking sticks and braided rattan products, has the characteristics of light weight and durability, and is an important vine plant resource. Polyploid plants have a superposition effect due to chromosome doubling, and have a certain difference from common diploids in aspects of morphological properties, substance content, cytological properties, resistance and the like. The plant polyploidization has the possibility of enlarging a plurality of organs such as roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits and the like, the growth vigor and stress resistance can be enhanced to a certain extent, and the commercial value of the plant can be improved. The polyploidization is expected to accelerate the growth speed of the cane, improve the yield of the cane and improve the texture of cane rattan, thereby cultivating cane rattan germplasm with multiple purposes. Colchicine, which is a mutagen, is widely used for polyploid breeding of ornamental plants, such as lily, china rose, butterfly orchid, chrysanthemum, etc., by treating germinated seeds or seedlings of the plants to change the chromosome number of the plants. The cane rattan does not belong to ornamental plants, and the breeding of cane rattan polyploid is more lag, so that the cultivation of cane rattan polyploid plants is particularly urgent in the field. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a method for inducing a cane polyploid plant, which is used for cultivating the cane polyploid plant with high growth speed and excellent rattan quality and improving the rattan yield. The invention provides an induction method of a cane polyploid plant, which comprises the following steps of inducing germinated cane seeds for 48-72h by using 0.03-0.04% colchicine solution. Preferably, the volume ratio of the colchicine solution to the germinated cane seeds is (2-3): 1. Preferably, the induction mode comprises soaking and shaking, and the rotating speed is 110-120rpm. Preferably, the axial length of the embryo of the germinated cane seeds is 0.1-0.3cm. Preferably, the preparation method of the germinated cane seeds comprises the steps of germinating cane seeds after germination accelerating treatment by using gibberellin solution, and obtaining germinated cane seeds. Preferably, the concentration of the gibberellin solution is 200-1000mg/L, and the volume ratio of the gibberellin solution to the cane seeds is (2-3): 1. Preferably, the germination accelerating treatment is carried out for 48-72 hours, and the germination accelerating treatment mode is soaking and shaking, and the rotating speed is 110-120rpm. Preferably, the induction method further comprises the steps of sowing induced cane seeds after induction is finished, identifying the induced mutation seedlings after the seeds sprout leaves, wherein the identified indexes comprise one or more of leaf types, leaf lengths, leaf widths and leaf length-width ratios, and compared with cane seedlings obtained by sowing cane seeds before induction, the induced mutation seedlings can be judged as successful induction by one or more of the following results: 1) palm-shaped full-crack blade profile, reduced small blade number, 2) obviously improved blade length, 3) obviously improved blade width, and 4) obviously improved blade length-width ratio. The invention provides an application of the cane seeds obtained by the induction method in cane polyploid plant breeding. The invention provides a breeding method of a cane polyploid plant, which comprises the following steps: The induction method of the technical proposal is utilized to induce the cane seeds, the polyploid cane seeds are obtained and then sown and cultivated, and cane plants are transplanted to carry out field management when the first growing period of cane is finished. The beneficial effects are that: The invention uses 0.03-0.04% colchicine solution to induce sprouted cane seeds for 48-72h, colchicine can induce cane chromosome doubling, and polyploid plants can be obtained after culture. The plant can be maximized after the chromosome of the cane is doubled, meanwhile, the growth speed is accelerated, on one hand, the yield of cane rattan is improved, the cultivation cost is reduced, the economic b