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CN-122004158-A - Macrobrachium rosenbergii seedling raising method based on concentrated natural seawater

CN122004158ACN 122004158 ACN122004158 ACN 122004158ACN-122004158-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a macrobrachium rosenbergii seedling raising method based on concentrated natural seawater, which relates to the technical field of aquaculture breeding, and comprises the steps of S1, selecting surface seawater of a northern Guangxi Bay, sequentially carrying out pretreatment, concentration treatment and retreatment to obtain concentrated seawater, wherein the pretreatment comprises precipitation, precise filtration and sterilization, the concentration treatment adopts a reverse osmosis method or a double-effect evaporation method to concentrate the seawater to 1/3 to 1/5 of the original volume, the retreatment comprises the steps of adjusting pH to 7.8-8.2, adding EDTA-2Na chelating agent and precise filtration, and S2, carrying out differential precipitation, three-stage gradient filtration and compatibility pre-detection on a selected water source to ensure that the turbidity of diluting water is less than or equal to 3NTU, pH7.5-8.0, ammonia nitrogen is less than or equal to 0.02mg/L and residual chlorine is less than or equal to 0mg/L. The invention realizes high-efficiency, stable and green seedling raising from larvae to larvae through whole-course water quality management and staged accurate feeding.

Inventors

  • GAO QUANXIN
  • YANG QINGMAN
  • YI SHAOKUI
  • Yu Jiongying
  • TANG QIONGYING
  • XIA ZHENGLONG
  • CAI JIUYING

Assignees

  • 湖州师范学院
  • 绍兴市水产技术推广中心
  • 江苏数丰水产种业有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260306

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A macrobrachium rosenbergii seedling raising method based on concentrated natural seawater is characterized by comprising the steps of S1, selecting surface seawater of a northern Guangxi Bay area, sequentially carrying out pretreatment, concentration treatment and retreatment to obtain concentrated seawater, wherein the pretreatment comprises precipitation, precise filtration and sterilization, the concentration treatment adopts a reverse osmosis method or a double-effect evaporation method, the seawater is concentrated to 1/3 to 1/5 of the original volume, and the retreatment comprises the steps of adjusting pH to 7.8-8.2, adding EDTA-2Na chelating agent and precise filtration; S2, differential precipitation, three-stage gradient filtration and compatibility pre-detection are carried out on the selected water source, so that the turbidity of the dilution water is less than or equal to 3NTU, the pH value is 7.5-8.0, the ammonia nitrogen is less than or equal to 0.02mg/L, and the residual chlorine is=0 mg/L; s3, diluting the concentrated seawater obtained in the step S1 to 15 per mill of salinity by using the dilution water obtained in the step S2; S4, throwing the giant freshwater prawn flea-shaped larva I stage (Z1) of the giant freshwater prawn 1 into the seedling water body, and carrying out whole-course water quality management and staged accurate feeding until the giant freshwater prawn grows to a larva stage (P1).
  2. 2. The macrobrachium rosenbergii seedling raising method based on concentrated natural seawater of claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the pretreatment specifically comprises: After the sea water is kept stand for 4 to 6 hours, the sea water is filtered by a 0.22 mu m precision polypropylene filter membrane, and then is sterilized by adopting 254nm wavelength ultraviolet rays or 0.5 to 1mg/L ozone with the dosage of more than or equal to 30mJ/cm 2 for 15 minutes.
  3. 3. The macrobrachium rosenbergii seedling raising method based on concentrated natural seawater as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step S1, when the concentration treatment adopts a reverse osmosis method, the operation pressure is controlled to be 3.5-4.0MPa, the temperature is controlled to be 25-30 ℃, and when the concentration is assisted by double-effect evaporation, the evaporation temperature is controlled to be 60-70 ℃.
  4. 4. The method for raising seedlings of macrobrachium rosenbergii based on concentrated natural seawater according to claim 3, wherein in the step S1, the retreating is specifically: Adjusting pH of concentrated seawater to 7.8-8.2 with food-grade sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid, adding EDTA-2Na of 0.01-0.02g/L, and fine filtering with 0.1 μm polyvinylidene fluoride filter membrane.
  5. 5. The method for raising seedlings of macrobrachium rosenbergii based on concentrated natural seawater according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the three-stage gradient filtering comprises: Sequentially carrying out rough filtration by a 120-mesh nylon screen, double-layer composite sand filtration by quartz sand and zeolite, fine filtration by a 0.1 mu m polyvinylidene fluoride filter membrane and terminal protection by a5 mu m security filter.
  6. 6. The method for raising seedlings of macrobrachium rosenbergii based on concentrated natural seawater according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the water quality management comprises: The whole course of uninterrupted aeration can maintain dissolved oxygen not less than 5mg/L, siphon sewage suction can be implemented every day, and according to the development stage of young body The water changing frequency and the water changing amount are adjusted, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration is kept to be lower than 0.5mg/L and the nitrite concentration is kept to be lower than 0.1mg/L.
  7. 7. The macrobrachium rosenbergii seedling raising method based on concentrated natural seawater of claim 6, wherein the water changing specifically comprises the following steps: Changing water 2 times per week when larvae are in stage Z1-Z3, wherein the water amount is 1/5 of the total water body When the water is in the stage Z4-Z10, water is changed for 3-4 times per week, the water amount is 1/4 of the total water body, and the water temperature difference between the fresh water and the raw water is less than or equal to 0.5 ℃, the salinity difference is less than or equal to 1 per mill, and the pH difference is less than or equal to 0.3.
  8. 8. The macrobrachium rosenbergii seedling raising method based on concentrated natural seawater of claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the staged accurate feeding is specifically as follows: the stage Z1-Z3 is to feed only artemia nauplii 3-4 times a day, and 5g dry egg amount hatched nauplii are fed every 10 ten thousand larvae; The stage Z4-Z7 is to feed artemia nauplii 3-4 times a day, and feed 8g dry egg amount hatched nauplii every 10 ten thousand larvae each time; The Z6-P1 stage is to feed artemia nauplii and custard together, the artemia nauplii are fed 3-4 times per day, and the custard is fed 2 times per day, wherein 8g dry eggs of the artemia are fed per 10 ten thousand larvae per time in the Z6-Z8 stage, 20-30g dry eggs of the custard are fed per 10 ten thousand larvae per time in the Z9-P1 stage, and 40-50g dry eggs of the artemia are fed per 10 ten thousand larvae per time in the Z9-P1 stage.
  9. 9. The macrobrachium rosenbergii seedling method based on concentrated natural seawater as set forth in claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the water temperature is controlled to be 28-30 ℃, the illumination intensity is 1000-1500lx, and the illumination period is 12 hours of illumination/12 hours of darkness.
  10. 10. The macrobrachium rosenbergii seedling method based on concentrated natural seawater as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concentrated seawater prepared in the step S1 is packaged in a food-grade HDPE sealed barrel, the barrel is filled with nitrogen gas for sealing, and is transported and stored at 5-30 ℃ with a shelf life of 6 months.

Description

Macrobrachium rosenbergii seedling raising method based on concentrated natural seawater Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture breeding, in particular to a macrobrachium rosenbergii breeding method based on concentrated natural seawater. Background The development of the giant freshwater shrimp as an important freshwater economic shrimp in the breeding industry is highly dependent on stable supply of high-quality seedlings, the key of shrimp seedling breeding is to provide a proper and stable salty freshwater environment for flea-shaped larva stage of the giant freshwater shrimp, and the artificial seawater preparation is the most widely applied technology, namely, the giant freshwater shrimp is based on freshwater, and the ionic composition and salinity (usually 12-18%o) of natural seawater are simulated by adding inorganic salts such as sea salt, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate and the like. The technology has the advantages that the accurate control of basic parameters such as salinity, pH and the like is realized, the requirement of large-scale seedling culture is met, the dependence on the geographical sea area is eliminated, and inland seedling culture is possible. Artificial seawater has limitations in terms of its biological activity and ecological complexity to mimic natural seawater. Natural seawater is a complex ecological system containing various major elements, trace elements, dissolved organic matters and beneficial microorganisms, and the synergistic effect among the components is critical for the healthy growth of aquatic organisms. The existing artificial seawater formula can be used for re-etching the main ion concentration, but is difficult to reproduce the natural equilibrium proportion of trace elements (such as selenium, cobalt, molybdenum and the like) in the natural seawater and the bioavailable form of the trace elements. The lack or unbalance of the components can cause the lack of necessary biological activity of the cultivation water body, influence the physiological metabolism, immune disease resistance and molting growth process of the larvae of the macrobrachium rosenbergii, and particularly show that the survival rate and metamorphosis success rate (seedling rate) of the larvae are difficult to reach the optimal level, thus restricting the development of the high-yield and stable-yield seedling raising technology. Disclosure of Invention The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems occurring in the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a macrobrachium rosenbergii seedling raising method based on concentrated natural seawater, which solves the problems that natural equilibrium proportion and biological activity of microelements in natural seawater are difficult to be re-carved in artificial seawater, so that the survival rate and the seedling rate of macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae are difficult to reach the optimal level. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: The invention provides a macrobrachium rosenbergii seedling raising method based on concentrated natural seawater, which comprises the following steps of S1, selecting surface seawater of northern Guangxi Bay, sequentially carrying out pretreatment, concentration treatment and retreatment to obtain concentrated seawater, wherein the pretreatment comprises precipitation, precise filtration and sterilization, the concentration treatment adopts a reverse osmosis method or a double-effect evaporation method, the seawater is concentrated to 1/3 to 1/5 of the original volume, and the retreatment comprises the steps of adjusting the pH value to 7.8-8.2, adding EDTA-2Na chelating agent and precise filtration; S2, differential precipitation, three-stage gradient filtration and compatibility pre-detection are carried out on the selected water source, so that the turbidity of the dilution water is less than or equal to 3NTU, the pH value is 7.5-8.0, the ammonia nitrogen is less than or equal to 0.02mg/L, and the residual chlorine is=0 mg/L; s3, diluting the concentrated seawater obtained in the step S1 to 15 per mill of salinity by using the dilution water obtained in the step S2; S4, throwing the giant freshwater prawn flea-shaped larva I stage (Z1) of the giant freshwater prawn 1 into the seedling water body, and carrying out whole-course water quality management and staged accurate feeding until the giant freshwater prawn grows to a larva stage (P1). As a preferable scheme of the macrobrachium rosenbergii seedling method based on concentrated natural seawater, in the step S1, the pretreatment is specifically as follows: After the sea water is kept stand for 4 to 6 hours, the sea water is filtered by a 0.22 mu m precision polypropylene filter membrane, and then is sterilized by adopting 254nm wavelength ultraviolet rays or 0.5 to 1mg/L ozone with the dosage of more than or equal to 30mJ/cm 2