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CN-122004170-A - Cow feeding method for targeted reduction control of saturated fatty acid in raw cow milk

CN122004170ACN 122004170 ACN122004170 ACN 122004170ACN-122004170-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a dairy cow feeding method for targeted reduction control of saturated fatty acid in raw cow milk, which comprises the steps of (1) preparing mixed ration, wherein the mixed ration comprises basic ration and additives, the additives comprise ponkan peel-chrysanthemum-medlar leaf compound extract, linseed oil, lysine and nicotinic acid, (2) feeding the mixed ration every day by adopting a feeding method of free feeding and drinking water, the temperature of a cowshed is controlled to be 10-16 ℃, a good ventilation environment is kept, bedroom padding is replaced periodically, and (3) adding conjugated linoleic acid into the mixed ration after the 6 th-8 th day after delivery. The method can obviously reduce the saturated fatty acid content in raw cow milk by feeding the cows, and the core is to optimize the rumen function through the regulation and control of daily ration.

Inventors

  • WU WEIMING
  • XIE XIAOJIA
  • XU YANZHANG

Assignees

  • 江西阳光乳业股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260407

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A dairy cow feeding method for targeted reduction control of saturated fatty acid in raw cow milk is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) Preparing mixed ration, wherein the mixed ration comprises basic ration and additives, and the additives comprise ponkan peel-Bo chrysanthemum-medlar leaf composite extract, linseed oil, lysine and nicotinic acid; (2) The dairy cows are fed with mixed daily ration every day by adopting a feeding method of free feeding and drinking water, the temperature of the cowshed is controlled to be 10-16 ℃, a good ventilation environment is kept, and the bedding materials of the bedridden are replaced regularly; (3) After the 6 th to 8 th days of postpartum period, adding conjugated linoleic acid into the mixed ration; The preparation method of the ponkan peel-Bo chrysanthemum-Chinese wolfberry leaf compound extract comprises the following steps: Cutting ponkan peel and chrysanthemum respectively, mixing to form a mixture, adding the mixture into an ethanol water solution, heating in a water bath, preserving heat, extracting, performing ultrasonic vibration in the extracting process, performing solid-liquid separation after the extraction is finished, adding a solid phase into the ethanol water solution again, repeating the extracting steps, combining two liquid phases, removing ethanol by vacuum rotary evaporation, adding deionized water, stirring, washing, concentrating under reduced pressure, and freeze-drying to obtain a crude extract; adding the wolfberry leaf powder into deionized water, heating and extracting in a water bath, carrying out ultrasonic treatment in the extracting process, carrying out solid-liquid separation after the extraction is finished, carrying out vacuum concentration on a liquid phase under reduced pressure, then adding glucose, stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain an extracting solution, adding the crude extract into the extracting solution, heating in the water bath to 75-85 ℃, carrying out heat preservation and stirring, condensing and refluxing in the heat preservation process, and carrying out freeze drying after the heat preservation is finished to obtain the ponkan peel-Bo chrysanthemum-wolfberry leaf composite extract.
  2. 2. The method for feeding dairy cows with targeted reduced control of saturated fatty acids in raw milk according to claim 1, wherein the hay is one or more of alfalfa, ryegrass or leymus chinensis mixed in any proportion.
  3. 3. The dairy cow feeding method for targeted reduction and control of saturated fatty acid in raw cow milk is characterized in that the basic ration is prepared into front daily ration, middle daily ration and rear daily ration with different contents of components according to the front period, the middle period and the rear period, the front period is 60 days before production to the middle period, namely the later period from postpartum to 21 days is the middle period, the lactation peak period after 21 days after production is the rear period, the mass percentage of each component in the front daily ration is 35.74% of hay, 34.53% of corn silage, 9.35% of soybean meal, 3.5% of wheat bran, 10.25% of tablet corn, 2.23% of beet pulp, 2.55% of cotton seed meal, 0.08% of sodium bicarbonate, 0.25% of magnesium oxide, 1.12% of stone powder, 0.2% of calcium hydrophosphate, the mass percentage of each component in the middle period is 30.85% of hay, 27.45% of corn, 12.58% of soybean meal, 5% of soybean meal, 0.26% of magnesium oxide, 0.52% of magnesium oxide, 0.25% of cotton seed meal, 0.25% of magnesium oxide, 1.25% of wheat meal, 2.25% of magnesium oxide, 0.52% of wheat meal, 0.25% of magnesium oxide, 1.25% of wheat meal, 0.25% of magnesium oxide, 0.25% of wheat meal, 0.25% of magnesium oxide, 1.25% of wheat meal, 2% of wheat meal, 0.25% of magnesium oxide, 0.25% of wheat meal, 0.25%.
  4. 4. The dairy cow feeding method for targeted reduction and control of saturated fatty acid in raw cow milk is characterized by comprising, by weight, 50 parts of ponkan peel-Bo chrysanthemum-Chinese wolfberry leaf compound extract, 10-15 parts of linseed oil, 5-8 parts of lysine and 1-6 parts of nicotinic acid.
  5. 5. The method for feeding dairy cows with targeted reduction and control of saturated fatty acids in raw milk according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the basic ration to the additive in the mixed ration is the basic ration, and additive=100:1-3.
  6. 6. The method for feeding dairy cows with targeted reduced control of saturated fatty acids in raw milk according to claim 1, wherein the addition amount of conjugated linoleic acid is 130-136 g/first day.
  7. 7. The method for feeding dairy cows with targeted reduction and control of saturated fatty acids in raw milk according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the first step, the mixing mass ratio of ponkan peel to Bo chrysanthemum is ponkan peel and Bo chrysanthemum is (Bo chrysanthemum=10:4-10), the mixing mass ratio of the mixture to the ethanol aqueous solution is (ethanol aqueous solution=1 g: 20-30 mL), the volume percentage of ethanol in the ethanol aqueous solution is 80% -85%, the extraction temperature is 45-50 ℃, the extraction time is 30-40 min, and the ultrasonic power is 100-150W.
  8. 8. The method for feeding dairy cows with targeted reduction and control of saturated fatty acids in raw milk according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the amount ratio of the wolfberry leaf powder to deionized water is that of the wolfberry leaf powder, namely deionized water=1g:20-25 mL, the wolfberry leaf powder is heated to 40-45 ℃ in a water bath, the temperature is kept for extraction for 15-20 min, and the ultrasonic power is 200-250W.
  9. 9. The method for feeding dairy cows with targeted reduction and control of saturated fatty acids in raw milk according to claim 1, wherein the amount ratio of glucose added to the liquid phase after reduced pressure concentration is glucose: liquid phase=0.3-0.5 g:10ml, and the amount ratio of crude extract added to the extract is crude extract: extract=0.6-0.8 g: 5-6 ml.
  10. 10. The method for feeding dairy cows with targeted reduced control of saturated fatty acids in raw milk according to claim 1, wherein the humidity of the cowshed is controlled to be 45% -50%.

Description

Cow feeding method for targeted reduction control of saturated fatty acid in raw cow milk Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of dairy cow feeding, in particular to a dairy cow feeding method for targeted reduction and control of saturated fatty acid in raw milk. Background Along with the development of national economy and the improvement of the living standard of people in China, the needs of people for food are changed from the past pure physiological needs to the directions of food collocation balance, food safety and high quality pursuit. Dairy products have received a long-standing attention as important components of the human dietary structure, in terms of nutritional value and health efficacy. Raw cow milk contains rich fat, protein, vitamins and minerals, wherein the milk fat is not only an energy source, but also a key component for determining the flavor, texture and processing characteristics of the dairy product. However, with the continuous and intensive research of modern nutrition and epidemiology, the association between the intake of saturated fatty acids in milk fat and chronic metabolic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, obesity, insulin resistance and the like is increasingly emphasized. World health organization and multi-national guidelines suggest that the intake of saturated fatty acids should be controlled below 10% of total energy intake to reduce cardiovascular disease risk. Under the background, how to reduce the content of saturated fatty acid in raw cow milk from the source and increase the proportion of unsaturated fatty acid by a feeding management means has become a hot spot and a difficult point in the scientific research and production practice of the dairy industry. Disclosure of Invention Therefore, the invention provides a dairy cow feeding method for targeted reduction control of saturated fatty acid in raw cow milk, which comprises the following steps: (1) Preparing mixed ration, wherein the mixed ration comprises basic ration and additives, and the additives comprise ponkan peel-Bo chrysanthemum-medlar leaf composite extract, linseed oil, lysine and nicotinic acid; (2) The dairy cows are fed with mixed daily ration every day by adopting a feeding method of free feeding and drinking water, the temperature of the cowshed is controlled to be 10-16 ℃, a good ventilation environment is kept, and the bedding materials of the bedridden are replaced regularly; (3) After the 6 th to 8 th days of postpartum period, adding conjugated linoleic acid into the mixed ration; The preparation method of the ponkan peel-Bo chrysanthemum-Chinese wolfberry leaf compound extract comprises the following steps: Cutting ponkan peel and chrysanthemum respectively, mixing to form a mixture, adding the mixture into an ethanol water solution, heating in a water bath, preserving heat, extracting, performing ultrasonic vibration in the extracting process, performing solid-liquid separation after the extraction is finished, adding a solid phase into the ethanol water solution again, repeating the extracting steps, combining two liquid phases, removing ethanol by vacuum rotary evaporation, adding deionized water, stirring, washing, concentrating under reduced pressure, and freeze-drying to obtain a crude extract; adding the wolfberry leaf powder into deionized water, heating and extracting in a water bath, carrying out ultrasonic treatment in the extracting process, carrying out solid-liquid separation after the extraction is finished, carrying out vacuum concentration on a liquid phase under reduced pressure, then adding glucose, stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain an extracting solution, adding the crude extract into the extracting solution, heating in the water bath to 75-85 ℃, carrying out heat preservation and stirring, condensing and refluxing in the heat preservation process, and carrying out freeze drying after the heat preservation is finished to obtain the ponkan peel-Bo chrysanthemum-wolfberry leaf composite extract. Further, the hay is one or more of alfalfa, ryegrass or leymus chinensis and is mixed in any proportion. Further, the basic ration is provided with a front-term ration, a middle-term ration and a rear-term ration with different contents of each component according to the front, middle and rear periods; the early period is 60 days before birth to the production period, the later period of the perinatal period, namely, the period from postpartum to 21 days is the middle period, the lactation peak period after 21 days after postpartum is the later period, the mass percentage of each component in the daily ration in the early period is 35.74 percent of hay, 34.53 percent of corn silage, 9.35 percent of bean pulp, 3.5 percent of wheat bran, 10.25 percent of tablet corn, 2.23 percent of beet pulp, 2.55 percent of cotton seed, 0.08 percent of sodium bicarbonate, 0.25 percent of sodium chloride, 0.2 percent of magnesium oxide, 1.12 percent of ston