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CN-122004256-A - Plant immunity regulator for preventing jackfruit cracking and use method thereof

CN122004256ACN 122004256 ACN122004256 ACN 122004256ACN-122004256-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of jackfruit cultivation, and particularly relates to a plant immunity regulator for preventing jackfruit cracking and a use method thereof. According to the plant immunomodulator, eucalyptus leaves, aeroplane grass, wedella and dragon fruit stems are used as fermentation materials, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus laterosporus, trichoderma harzianum and metarhizium anisopliae are respectively added for step fermentation treatment, the prepared plant immunomodulator can remarkably reduce jackfruit cracking rate, improve commodity fruit rate and yield, improve the pulp rate of jackfruit to a certain extent, realize the effect of double improvement of the yield and fruit quality of jackfruit, and provide a new way for improving the planting economic benefit of jackfruit.

Inventors

  • FAN HONGYAN
  • ZHAO YA
  • XIAO MIN
  • Li Shaoka
  • BAI LI
  • Liu Huizhuan
  • LI PENGSHENG
  • YAN CAIBIN

Assignees

  • 海南省农业科学院热带果树研究所

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20251231

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A plant immunity regulator for preventing jackfruit cracking is characterized by comprising, by weight, 10-20 parts of eucalyptus leaves, 10-30 parts of plane grass, 1-10 parts of wedella, 2-6 parts of dragon fruit stems, 0.5-1 part of bacillus licheniformis, 0.1-0.5 part of bacillus laterosporus, 0.1-0.5 part of trichoderma harzianum and 0.1-03 parts of metarhizium anisopliae.
  2. 2. The plant immunomodulator for preventing jackfruit cracking according to claim 1, wherein the plant immunomodulator comprises, by weight, 15 parts of eucalyptus leaves, 20 parts of aeroplane grass, 5 parts of wedella, 4 parts of pitaya stems, 0.7 part of bacillus licheniformis, 0.3 part of bacillus laterosporus, 0.3 part of trichoderma harzianum and 0.2 part of metarhizium anisopliae.
  3. 3. The plant immunomodulator for preventing jackfruit cracking according to claim 1, wherein the effective viable count of bacillus licheniformis is more than or equal to 10 7 CFU/g, the effective viable count of bacillus laterosporus is more than or equal to 10 7 CFU/g, the trichoderma harzianum is trichoderma harzianum T-22 strain, the effective viable count is more than or equal to 10 9 CFU/g, and the effective viable count of metarhizium anisopliae is more than or equal to 10 9 CFU/g.
  4. 4. A method of preparing a plant immunomodulator according to any of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of: pulverizing folium Eucalypti Globueli and herba Eupatorii, adding water, bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus laterosporus, mixing, and composting and fermenting to obtain composting materials; Crushing wedelolactone, adding the crushed wedelolactone into a retted material, adding metarhizium anisopliae, mixing uniformly, continuing retting and fermenting to obtain a material A, adding water into dragon fruit stems, crushing, adding trichoderma harzianum, mixing uniformly, and fermenting to obtain a material B; and uniformly mixing the material A and the material B, and continuously composting.
  5. 5. The preparation method of claim 4, wherein in the step (1), water accounting for 20-30% of the weight of eucalyptus leaves and plane grass is added, the eucalyptus leaves and the plane grass are piled into a pile with the height of 30-50cm and the width of 50-60cm in the composting process, the temperature is controlled to be 25-40 ℃ in the fermentation process, the fermentation is carried out for 5-15 days, and the pile temperature exceeds 45 ℃ for turning and cooling.
  6. 6. The preparation method of claim 4, wherein in the step (2), the temperature is controlled to be 20-35 ℃ in the fermentation process of the material A, the material pile temperature exceeds 40 ℃ to perform pile turning and cooling, the fermentation is performed for 5-7 days, the water adding amount in the dragon fruit stems is the same as the weight of the dragon fruit stems, the temperature is controlled to be 20-35 ℃ in the fermentation process of the material B, the stirring and cooling are performed at the temperature exceeding 37 ℃ for 3-7 days.
  7. 7. The preparation method according to claim 4, wherein in the step (3), the temperature is controlled to be 25-35 ℃ in the composting process, the composting is carried out for 8-12 days, and the temperature of the stockpile exceeds 37 ℃ for turning and cooling.
  8. 8. Use of a plant immunomodulator according to any of claims 1-3 for reducing the fruit splitting rate, increasing the commodity fruit rate, increasing the yield and/or increasing the pulp rate of jackfruit.
  9. 9. A method for preventing jackfruit cracking, comprising the following steps: And in the development period of jackfruit fruits, the plant immunomodulator is taken and applied into the rhizosphere soil of jackfruit plants.
  10. 10. The method of claim 8, wherein the amount of jackfruit plants is 5-10kg, wherein the jackfruit plants are planted by digging holes or ditches at a distance of 30-50cm from the jackfruit plants, the plant immunomodulator is planted by covering soil after being planted, wherein the plant immunomodulator is planted 1 time per month, 1 time before irrigation if continuous drought exceeds 15 days, 1 time after irrigation and 1-2 times after irrigation if continuous rainfall exceeds 3 days, 1-2 times immediately after rainfall is finished, and each time is spaced 5-7 days.

Description

Plant immunity regulator for preventing jackfruit cracking and use method thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the field of jackfruit cultivation, and particularly relates to a plant immunity regulator for preventing jackfruit cracking and a use method thereof. Background Jackfruit is a typical tropical fruit, and is one of important pillar industries of efficient agriculture with tropical features. In the planting process, jackfruit is extremely easy to crack, the jackfruit yield loss caused by the cracking can reach 28% -32%, and the jackfruit yield loss in partial areas is even more than 40%, so that the income of fruit farmers and the sustainable development of the industry are seriously influenced. Therefore, jackfruit cracking prevention is a key bottleneck for restricting the high-quality development of jackfruit industry, and the main causes are that jackfruit grows in tropical areas, tropical monsoon climate is obvious, annual rainfall is concentrated (the rainfall amount of 5-10 months is more than 70% of the whole year), obvious weather alternation phenomena of 'long drought sudden rain' and 'long rain sudden sunny' exist, soil in partial planting areas is slightly acidic (pH value is 4.5-5.5), the validity of trace elements in calcium, magnesium and the like is low, the jackfruit cracking rate is generally as high as 35% -60%, and the nitrogen fertilizer is applied in the planting management in a partial application manner, the fertilizer application balance fertilizer is maintained in the fruit period, and the proportion of phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer is deficient. After jackfruit cracking occurs, pulp is exposed to the environment and can be invaded by anthracnose germs, theirs and the like within 48 hours, black mold substances can be bred on the pulp within 7-10 days and the pulp is completely rotten, so that commodity fruit rate is reduced, and disease spread in a park can be induced. The common anti-cracking measures in jackfruit planting at present mainly comprise spraying calcium fertilizer, boron fertilizer, fruit bagging and the like on leaf surfaces, but the problems of unstable anti-cracking effect (the cracking rate is still maintained above 25%), high cost (the investment is increased by 300-500 yuan per mu of year), easiness in causing soil hardening and the like exist. Therefore, the development of the anti-cracking fruit technology which is specially aimed at the jackfruit cultivation characteristics and has low cost and high efficiency has important practical significance for reducing jackfruit cracking loss, improving industrial economic benefit and promoting jackfruit standardized cultivation. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the problems of high fruit cracking rate, poor effect of the existing anti-cracking measures and the like in jackfruit cultivation in Hainan province, the invention provides the plant immunity regulator for preventing jackfruit cracking and the use method thereof, which are applied in the jackfruit planting process, and can effectively reduce the jackfruit cracking rate and improve the commodity fruit rate and yield. The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: A plant immunity regulator for preventing jackfruit cracking comprises, by weight, 10-20 parts of eucalyptus leaves, 10-30 parts of herba euphorbiae lathyris, 1-10 parts of wedelolac, 2-6 parts of dragon fruit stems, 0.5-1 part of bacillus licheniformis, 0.1-0.5 part of bacillus laterosporus, 0.1-0.5 part of trichoderma harzianum and 0.1-03 parts of metarhizium anisopliae. Further, the plant immunity regulator comprises the following components, by weight, 15 parts of eucalyptus leaves, 20 parts of herba euphorbiae lathyris, 5 parts of wedella, 4 parts of dragon fruit stems, 0.7 part of bacillus licheniformis, 0.3 part of bacillus laterosporus, 0.3 part of trichoderma harzianum and 0.2 part of metarhizium anisopliae. Further, the effective viable count of the bacillus licheniformis is more than or equal to 10 7 CFU/g, the effective viable count of the bacillus laterosporus is more than or equal to 10 7 CFU/g, the trichoderma harzianum is trichoderma harzianum T-22 strain, the effective viable count is more than or equal to 10 9 CFU/g, and the effective viable count of the metarhizium anisopliae is more than or equal to 10 9 CFU/g. Wherein Bacillus licheniformis, trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus laterosporus are purchased from North sea Qiang Xin Biotechnology Co. The preparation method of the plant immunomodulator comprises the following steps: () Crushing eucalyptus leaves and plane grass, adding water accounting for 20-30% of the weight of the eucalyptus leaves and plane grass, adding bacillus licheniformis and bacillus laterosporus, uniformly mixing, piling up into a material pile with the height of 30-50cm and the width of 50-60cm, piling up and fermenting for 5-15 days at the temperature of 25-40 ℃, and turning over and cooling when the tempe