CN-122004281-A - Self-adaptive freshwater fish scale removal and slitting integrated machine

CN122004281ACN 122004281 ACN122004281 ACN 122004281ACN-122004281-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-adaptive freshwater fish scale removal and splitting integrated machine, and belongs to the technical field of aquatic product processing mechanical equipment. The integrated machine is sequentially provided with a scale removal module, a conveyor belt self-adaptive centering conveying module, a gill removal module, a laparotomy module and a viscera removal module along a processing line. The automatic gill removing device is characterized in that the conveyor belt module adopts a symmetrical rocker arm connecting rod mechanism to realize self-adaptive adjustment of clamping width, the laparotomy module is provided with a follow-up lifting mechanism to realize accurate cutting in cooperation with real-time fish belly profile detection, the viscera removing module adopts a profiling brush wheel to clean abdominal cavities, and the gill removing module realizes automatic gill removing. The equipment has high integration level and strong adaptability, and realizes the integrated automatic processing from scale removal to viscera removal of various freshwater fish.

Inventors

LEI GANG
HUANG JING
YOU LU
HU HUASHAN
ZHANG ZIZHENG
CAO SHENGGUO
CHEN ZHEYU

Assignees

重庆大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260327

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a self-adaptation freshwater fish scale removal dissects all-in-one, its characterized in that includes along the processing assembly line direction in proper order: the scale removing module is used for removing scales on the surface of the fish body by adopting a scale removing mechanism with gears meshed with drive spring brush wires; the conveyor belt self-adaptive centering conveying module is used for clamping and conveying fish bodies, and the clamping width of the conveyor belt self-adaptive centering conveying module is adaptively adjusted according to the sizes of the fish bodies; The gill removing module is used for grabbing and removing fish gills; The laparotomy module comprises a high-speed rotating laparotomy knife and a lifting mechanism capable of being adjusted in a follow-up mode and is used for performing dissection along the contour of the fish belly; the viscera removing module comprises a profiling brush wheel and a lifting mechanism and is used for cleaning abdominal cavities of fish bodies.
2. The self-adaptive freshwater fish scale removing and cutting all-in-one machine according to claim 1, wherein the scale removing mechanism comprises a pair of gears meshed with each other, the power is provided by a driving motor to ensure synchronous and stable reverse rotation of the double-side filament brushing rollers, spring filaments with specific flexible deflection are densely arranged on each filament brushing roller, and when the self-adaptive freshwater fish scale removing and cutting all-in-one machine works, the flexible characteristic of the spring filaments rotating at a high speed can enable the filaments to adapt to the curvature and the scale hardness of a fish body and apply uniform and soft contact pressure when the spring filaments contact the surface of the fish body.
3. The self-adaptive freshwater fish scale removal and slitting integrated machine according to claim 1, wherein the conveyor belt self-adaptive centering conveying module comprises a rocker arm connecting rod mechanism and a driving cylinder which are symmetrically arranged, and the connecting rod length of the rocker arm connecting rod mechanism is of a specific size, so that self-adaptive centering adjustment of the clamping width within a range of 40-150 mm is realized.
4. The self-adaptive freshwater fish scale removal and slitting integrated machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that the laparotomy module comprises a high-speed rotating laparotomy knife unit and a follow-up lifting mechanism, wherein the follow-up lifting mechanism adopts a crank slider mechanism as a driving source, the laparotomy knife unit is arranged at the output end of the crank slider mechanism, the knife blade of the laparotomy knife unit is driven by an independent motor to rotate at a high speed, and a control system dynamically controls the lifting stroke of the crank slider mechanism according to fish belly profile height information acquired in real time, so that the laparotomy knife can accurately follow a fish belly curve to finish slitting operation, and the slitting depth can be dynamically adjusted.
5. The self-adaptive freshwater fish descaling and slitting integrated machine according to claim 1, wherein the viscera removing module comprises a profiling cleaning unit and a lifting driving mechanism, the lifting driving mechanism is a servo electric cylinder and is driven by a motor to realize vertical lifting movement of the profiling cleaning unit, the core of the profiling cleaning unit is a specially-made brush wheel, bristles of the profiling cleaning unit are specially-shaped and distributed in a middle long mode and two short sides so as to be attached to the arc-shaped inner wall of a fish abdominal cavity, and when the brush wheel is driven by the lifting driving mechanism to extend into the split abdominal cavity and rotate at a high speed, viscera can be thoroughly peeled off and thrown out through scraping and winding actions of the bristles.
6. The self-adaptive freshwater fish scale removal and slitting integrated machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that the gill removal module comprises a fish head fixing unit and a gill removal executing unit, wherein the fish head fixing unit is provided with a positioning clamping jaw and is driven by a cylinder to clamp a fish head, the gill removal executing unit comprises a gill removal blade and a pair of openable profiling clamps, the gill removal blade is driven by a belt transmission to move left and right and is used for penetrating into a gill cavity to cut off connection of gill roots, the profiling clamps are driven by a rack and pinion mechanism to realize clamping action and are integrally arranged on a linear guide rail, and when the self-adaptive freshwater fish scale removal and slitting integrated machine works, the gill removal blade firstly penetrates into the gill cavity to complete cutting, and then the profiling clamps reversely move along the guide rail at a high speed under the driving of a driving element, so that clamped fish gill is completely torn off from roots.

Description

Self-adaptive freshwater fish scale removal and slitting integrated machine Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of aquatic product processing mechanical equipment, and particularly relates to self-adaptive scale removal, gill removal, sectioning and viscera removal integrated processing equipment suitable for freshwater fish with multiple varieties and specifications. Background The invention belongs to the technical field of aquatic product processing mechanical equipment, and particularly relates to self-adaptive scale removal, gill removal, sectioning and viscera removal integrated processing equipment suitable for freshwater fish with multiple varieties and specifications. Along with the continuous expansion of the freshwater fish consumer market, the production efficiency, processing quality and food safety level of the primary processing link directly determine the added value of the product and the industrial core competitiveness. The current fresh water fish preliminary processing still highly depends on manual operation, the whole process from scale removal, gill removal, laparotomy to viscera removal is finished by manpower, and the problems of high labor intensity, low production efficiency, unstable processing quality, difficult management and control of sanitation standard and the like exist, so that the fresh water fish preliminary processing becomes a core bottleneck for restricting industrial scale and standardized upgrading. In the prior art, although partial fish processing automation equipment such as a fish dirtying cleaning device with application publication number CN111184055B appears, mechanical operation of fish belly cutting, belly supporting, dirtying and cleaning is realized through cooperation of a transmission mechanism, a dirtying mechanism, a water spraying device and a control system. Compared with other existing viscera removing machines, the fixed laparotomy knife in the viscera removing device provided by the invention has the advantages that after the fish belly is planed, the movable abdomen supporting clamp with single side fixed supports the fish belly until the viscera removing processing is finished, one viscera removing knife rotating forward and two viscera removing brushes with opposite rotation directions are designed to be liftable, a control program is arranged to effectively realize the cooperation among multiple cutters, and a high-pressure water spraying device is arranged between each cutter, so that the effects of high-efficiency viscera removing and automatic cleaning are achieved. The problems of time and labor waste caused by manual dirt removal are solved to a certain extent, but the equipment and the similar existing equipment in the market still have obvious technical limitations, and the actual production requirements of the industry cannot be met. Firstly, the functional integration level is insufficient, the full-process automation has core blank, the equipment can only complete 1-2 primary processing procedures such as laparotomy, dirtying removal, cleaning and the like, and does not cover the core procedures of scale removal and gill removal, wherein the fish gill is extremely difficult to automatically remove due to complex structure and deep position, the stable integration of the procedures can not be realized by the existing equipment, the labor is still completely relied, the real full-process continuous production can not be realized, and the product sanitation consistency is also difficult to ensure. Secondly, flexible adaptation ability is weak, can't compatible many specifications processing demands of many varieties, and the conveying mechanism of current equipment is mostly fixed width two conveyer belts collocation passive clamping structure, does not have self-adaptation centering adjustment ability, and the fish body easily skids, the skew, and the belly sword is fixed position design, and the stroke is only preset to the manual work to the lift of cutter and brush, does not have fish belly profile real-time detection and follow-up adjustment ability, can't dynamic adjustment cutting depth, and the problem of easily appearing cutting broken fish courage, dissecting in place or damaging the flesh of fish only can adapt to single or similar specification fish, is difficult to satisfy many varieties, small batch flexible processing demands. Thirdly, the core structural design has inherent defects, the machining effect and the quality of finished products are difficult to achieve, the viscera removing mechanism of the traditional equipment mostly adopts a structure that a rigid main cutter is hooked and pulled to be matched with a common equal-length hairbrush for cleaning, the hairbrush has no profiling design, the arc inner wall of a fish abdominal cavity cannot be attached, viscera residues are easy to occur, meanwhile, the rigid hooking mode is easy to damage fish tissues, the traditional scale removing eq