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CN-122004372-A - Film-hanging type functional protein frozen feed and preparation method thereof

CN122004372ACN 122004372 ACN122004372 ACN 122004372ACN-122004372-A

Abstract

The invention provides a film-hanging functional protein frozen feed and a preparation method thereof, relates to the field of aquaculture feeds, and solves the problems of more diseases, large pollution, poor palatability of complete feed, high cost and lack of core-targeting film-hanging technology in the existing meat aquaculture. The feed comprises a carrier, wherein a high-protein functional film coating layer is attached to the surface of the carrier, and the high-protein functional film coating layer comprises, by mass, 65% -75% of enzymolysis bait slurry, 3% -5% of a gelling agent, 1% -3% of an adhesion promoter, 0.2% -0.4% of an antioxidant, 2% -3% of probiotics, 0.2% -0.5% of composite multi-dimension, and the balance of water. The feed takes low-value wild fish as a natural carrier, and has the characteristics of green aquaculture and no resistance while realizing high-value utilization of low-value resources through the technology of enzymolysis slurry targeting film formation and low-temperature quick-freezing and keep-alive, and has the excellent palatability of the frozen fish and the nutrition of the compound feed.

Inventors

  • FAN BAOJIN

Assignees

  • 杜尔伯特蒙古族自治县克拉斯渔业有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260403

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A film-hanging type functional protein frozen feed is characterized by comprising a carrier, wherein a high-protein functional film-hanging layer is attached to the surface of the carrier, the high-protein functional film-hanging layer comprises, by mass, 65% -75% of enzymolysis bait slurry, 3% -5% of a gelling agent, 1% -3% of an adhesion auxiliary agent, 0.2% -0.4% of an antioxidant, 2% -3% of probiotics, 0.2% -0.5% of composite multidimensional, and the balance of water, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%.
  2. 2. The film-forming functional protein frozen feed according to claim 1, wherein the high-protein functional film-forming layer is composed of the following components in percentage by mass: 70% -75% of enzymolysis bait slurry, 3% -4% of gelatinizer, 1% -2% of bonding aid, 0.2% -0.4% of antioxidant, 2% of probiotics, 0.2% -0.5% of compound multi-dimension and the balance of water.
  3. 3. The film-forming functional protein frozen feed according to claim 1, wherein the high-protein functional film-forming layer is composed of the following components in percentage by mass: 65% -70% of enzymolysis bait slurry, 4% -5% of gelatinizer, 2% -3% of bonding aid, 0.2% -0.4% of antioxidant, 2.5% -3% of probiotics, 0.2% -0.5% of compound multi-dimension and the balance of water.
  4. 4. The film-forming functional protein frozen feed according to claim 1, wherein the carrier takes low-value wild fish as a carrier, wherein the wild fish is freshwater fish and is at least one of crucian, fish and bitterfish; The enzymolysis bait slurry is liquid slurry prepared by an enzymolysis process of trash fish and water fleas; the gelatinizer is sodium alginate; the antioxidant is vitamin E; The bonding aid is soybean lecithin; the probiotics are selected from bacillus; The compound multivitamins are at least two of vitamins E, B and nicotinic acid.
  5. 5. The method for preparing the film-forming functional protein frozen feed according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1, selecting feed materials to obtain a pretreated fish carrier; s2, preparing film-forming slurry, namely weighing raw materials according to the formula proportion of the corresponding cultivation object, and preparing the film-forming slurry through raw material pretreatment, double enzymolysis of the pretreated slurry, post treatment and uniform compounding of all raw material components; S3, forming a targeted film, namely immersing the pretreated fish carrier obtained in the S1 into the film-forming slurry prepared in the S2 by adopting a cold dipping film-forming process, controlling the mass ratio and the soaking time of the film-forming slurry and the pretreated fish carrier, enabling the slurry to be uniformly attached to the surface of the carrier, taking out and draining to form a basic film layer; S4, quick-freezing and bacteriostasis are carried out on the film-forming feed.
  6. 6. The preparation method of the film-forming functional protein frozen feed according to claim 5, wherein the material selection method in the step S1 comprises the steps of selecting fresh, non-spoilage and non-disease low-value wild fish, removing impurities and diseased individuals, cleaning with clear water to remove body surface mucus and attached impurities, draining, cutting according to the breeding palatability, draining until body surface has no free moisture, and obtaining a pretreated fish carrier for later use.
  7. 7. The preparation method of the film-forming functional protein frozen feed according to claim 5, wherein the step S2 is characterized in that raw materials are weighed according to the formula proportion of the corresponding breeding object, and film-forming slurry is prepared through raw material pretreatment, double enzymolysis, post treatment and compounding and mixing uniformly, and the specific process comprises the following steps: s21, preprocessing raw materials, namely mixing the trash fish in the baits with the water fleas, and mincing the trash fish into a paste by a colloid mill to obtain preprocessing slurry; S22, performing double enzymolysis on the pretreated slurry, namely adding water with the mass being 0.5 times that of the pretreated slurry, performing primary enzymolysis by alkaline protease at the reaction temperature of 44-46 ℃ and the pH value of the system of 7.0-8.5, performing constant-temperature enzymolysis for 4-6 hours, adjusting the pH value of the system to 6.5-7.5 by solution after the primary enzymolysis is finished, adding flavourzyme for secondary enzymolysis at the reaction temperature of 50-55 ℃ and the constant-temperature enzymolysis for 2-4 hours, heating the system to 80-85 ℃ after the double enzymolysis is finished, preserving heat for 10-15 minutes, inactivating enzymes, filtering by 100-mesh filter cloth to remove impurities such as fish bones, residues and the like which are not subjected to enzymolysis, collecting filtrate, and cooling to 30-35 ℃ to obtain enzymolysis slurry; S23, compounding and mixing uniformly, namely adding a gelatinizing agent into the enzymolysis slurry according to a proportion, stirring until the gelatinizing agent is completely dissolved, sequentially adding an adhesion aid, an antioxidant and composite multidimensional, continuously stirring for 10-15 minutes until the system is uniform, and finally adding probiotics under the condition that the temperature of the system is maintained at 30-35 ℃ to prepare uniform film-forming slurry.
  8. 8. The preparation method of the film-forming functional protein frozen feed according to claim 7, wherein the mass ratio of the trash fish to the fleas in the step S21 is 7:3, and the protein content of the enzymolysis slurry prepared in the step S22 is more than or equal to 35%.
  9. 9. The preparation method of the film-hanging functional protein frozen feed according to claim 5 is characterized in that the mass ratio of the film-hanging slurry to the pretreated fish carrier is controlled to be 1:4-6 in the step S3, the slurry is soaked for 2-5 minutes to enable the slurry to be uniformly attached to the surface of the carrier, the film is taken out and drained to form a basic film layer, the film is repeatedly hung for the second time according to the high protein requirement of cultured fish, and after the film hanging is completed, the feed is placed at a ventilation position at a low temperature of 4-10 ℃ and drained to enable the film layer to be fully gelled to form a high-protein functional film-hanging layer with a compact gel structure, and the film-hanging formed feed is obtained.
  10. 10. The method for preparing the film-forming functional protein frozen feed according to claim 5, wherein the specific method for quick-freezing and bacteriostasis of the film-forming formed feed in the step S4 is as follows: Spreading the film-forming feed obtained in the step S3 on a quick-freezing tray, placing the quick-freezing tray in a quick-freezing warehouse at-35 ℃ to enable the center temperature of the feed to be reduced to below-18 ℃ within 60 minutes, adopting a cold chain for whole-course transportation by a refrigerator car, keeping the ambient temperature below-18 ℃ in the transportation process, and directly feeding the product after natural thawing or running water thawing.

Description

Film-hanging type functional protein frozen feed and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the field of aquaculture feeds, in particular to a film-forming functional protein frozen feed and a preparation method thereof. Background The large-scale cultivation of famous-brand meat-feeding freshwater aquatic animals (fishes, crustaceans and amphibious reptiles) is the core direction of transformation and upgrading of the aquaculture industry in China, and the current feeding mode of farmers is mainly divided into feeding of ice fresh wild trash fishes and feeding of complete compound pellet feeds, and the two modes have advantages and disadvantages. Firstly, although the feeding of the iced wild fish is attached to the natural feeding habit of the meat aquatic animal, the palatability is good, but the iced wild fish has a plurality of fatal defects that the nutrition composition of the iced wild fish is single, the iced wild fish lacks nutritional ingredients such as vitamins, probiotics and functionalities, the balanced nutritional requirements of the cultivated objects are difficult to meet, the iced wild fish is easy to carry pathogenic organisms, parasites and harmful microorganisms, the outbreak risk of cultivated diseases is greatly increased, the feed material-to-meat ratio is low, a large amount of residual feed which is not fed and metabolic products of the cultivated objects enter the water body, ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the cultivated water body are greatly overproduced, fish diseases and water quality deterioration are induced, and the cultivation risk and water-controlling drug feeding cost are further improved. The mixed pellet feed for feeding the meat-type aquatic animals has the advantages of balanced nutrition and better environmental protection to water bodies, but has poor palatability, the pellet feed for feeding the meat-type animals has the advantages of lower palatability than that of iced wild trash fish, large feeding difficulty and low feeding rate of the meat-type aquatic animals, and is easy to cause a large amount of feed waste, the production cost of the mixed pellet feed for the high-end meat-type aquatic animals is high, the raw material and processing cost are more than 70%, the profit space of large-scale cultivation is small, the protein digestion rate of the pellet feed is low, the problems of fatty liver and intestinal diseases of cultivated objects are easy to cause, and the survival rate of cultivation is influenced. The existing improvement technology for the iced fish only focuses on simple fresh-keeping and sterilization treatment, such as low-temperature refrigeration, ozone sterilization and the like, only solves the sanitary safety problem of the iced fish, does not combine the ingestion habit, physiological characteristics and nutrition requirements of meat-eating aquatic animals to perform functional optimization, lacks a core targeting film-forming process and an accurate variegated film-forming formula system, and cannot simultaneously consider the excellent palatability of the iced fish and the nutrition and functionality of the compound feed. Therefore, developing a special frozen feed which can not only keep the natural palatability of the frozen fresh fish, but also provide high-protein balanced nutrition, realize functional improvement, solve the problem of pollution of the culture water body, and have controllable raw material cost and palatable different types of meat aquatic animals becomes a core technical problem to be solved in the field. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a film-hanging functional protein frozen feed aiming at the problems that in the prior art, the existing meat aquaculture has the defects of more diseases, large pollution, poor palatability of complete feed, high cost and lack of core targeting film-hanging technology, and the good palatability of the ice fish and the nutrition and the functionality of compound feed can not be simultaneously considered. The film-hanging type functional protein frozen feed takes low-value wild fish as a natural carrier, and adopts the enzymolysis slurry targeting film-hanging and low-temperature quick-freezing keep-alive process, so that the film-hanging type functional protein frozen feed has the excellent palatability of the frozen fish and the nutrition of the compound feed, and promotes the aquaculture to develop towards the green and non-resistance direction while realizing the high-value utilization of low-value resources. The invention also provides a preparation method of the film-hanging type functional protein frozen feed. The invention solves the problems by adopting the following technical scheme that the film-hanging functional protein frozen feed comprises a carrier, wherein a high-protein functional film-hanging layer is attached to the surface of the carrier, the high-protein functional film-hanging layer comprises, by mass, 65% -75%