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CN-122004839-A - Internal fistula tactile tremor signal early warning and monitoring system and method

CN122004839ACN 122004839 ACN122004839 ACN 122004839ACN-122004839-A

Abstract

The invention provides an internal fistula tactile tremor signal early warning and monitoring system and method, which realize integrated home detection, collect and analyze the tactile tremor signal of the internal fistula and output a signal-free/narrow/normal result, and are simple to output and easy to use. The system realizes the integrated home monitoring of the internal fistula tremor signal through the high-sensitivity sensing probe, the high-precision ADC, the intelligent main board algorithm and visual result output. Compared with the prior art, the system has the advantages of higher accuracy, better usability (only 2 switches) and the like, can effectively solve the problem that patients frequently go to a hospital, timely early warn internal fistula abnormality and improve the survival rate of the internal fistula. The scheme can be widely applied to home monitoring of hemodialysis patients, and has important clinical value and market prospect.

Inventors

  • CHEN XINHUA

Assignees

  • 杭州市萧山区第三人民医院

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260128

Claims (10)

  1. 1. An internal fistula tactile tremor signal early warning monitoring system, comprising: the sensing probe is used for collecting a touch tremor analog signal of the internal fistula by attaching to the skin; the converter is connected with the sensing probe and used for converting the analog signals into digital signal streams; The main board is connected with the converter and is used for receiving the digital signal flow, analyzing and comparing the digital signal flow through a built-in algorithm and outputting an internal fistula state monitoring result, wherein the internal fistula state comprises no signal, stenosis and normal; The display screen is connected with the main board and used for displaying the internal fistula state monitoring result; The alarm lamp is connected with the main board and used for sending out a corresponding type of alarm signal according to the internal fistula state monitoring result; a power supply for powering the system; the main body switch is connected with the main board and used for controlling the start and stop, initialization and reset of the system; The sound switch is connected with the main board and used for adjusting the alarm volume; The sensing probe, the converter, the main board and the power supply are integrated in the intelligent mobile terminal shell, and the display screen, the main body switch, the sound switch and the alarm lamp are arranged on the outer side face of the terminal shell.
  2. 2. The internal fistula tactile tremor signal early warning and monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the sensing probe is a piezoelectric acceleration sensor, a sensitive axis of the sensor is perpendicular to the surface of the skin, and the surface of the sensing probe is covered with a medical-grade silicone film.
  3. 3. The internal fistula tactile tremor signal warning monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the converter is a 24-bit sigma-delta analog-to-digital converter (ADC) having a sampling rate of not less than 200Hz.
  4. 4. The internal fistula tactile tremor signal early warning and monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the motherboard comprises a main control chip and a memory, the main control chip is a microcontroller with an ARM Cortex-M4 kernel, and the memory is used for storing an operating system, an application program and a Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification model.
  5. 5. The internal fistula tactile tremor signal warning and monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the warning lights are RGB LED lights configured to indicate different internal fistula conditions by emitting different colors of light, normal corresponding to green, narrow corresponding to yellow, no signal corresponding to red.
  6. 6. The internal fistula tactile tremor signal warning monitoring system of claim 1, further comprising a buzzer, coupled to the motherboard, configured to sound different modes of warning when an abnormal condition is detected.
  7. 7. The internal fistula tactile tremor signal early warning and monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the intelligent mobile terminal is a wrist strap type or bracelet type device, and the edge of the shell is coated with a soft silica gel ring.
  8. 8. The internal fistula tactile tremor signal warning and monitoring system of claim 7, wherein the sensing probe extends out of the terminal housing and the soft silicone ring has a shore hardness of 30A.
  9. 9. The internal fistula tactile tremor signal warning and monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the algorithm executed by the motherboard comprises: (1) And a signal preprocessing step, namely carrying out band-pass filtering and trending processing on the digital signal flow, wherein the band-pass filtering adopts a second-order Butterworth band-pass filter and is realized through a differential equation: , Wherein, the For an input digital signal n (signal "n-1" analogized), For the output signal (filtered signal), 、 、 、 、 Is a filter coefficient; The trending process uses a least squares method to fit the baseline (slowly varying dc component) of the signal, and the formula is: , Wherein, the As a result of the baseline estimate, In order to be an intercept of the beam, Is slope by minimizing the sum of squares of errors = N is the total number of received signals); (2) A feature extraction step of extracting a time domain feature and a frequency domain feature for distinguishing normal/narrow/no signal from the preprocessed signal, wherein the time domain feature comprises root mean square, peak factor, pulse factor and waveform factor, and the frequency domain feature comprises center frequency, frequency bandwidth, spectrum center of gravity and power spectrum density peak; (3) And a classification prediction step, namely inputting the extracted features into a pre-trained Support Vector Machine (SVM) model to obtain an internal fistula state classification result.
  10. 10. An internal fistula tactile tremor monitoring method based on the system of any one of claims 1-9, comprising the steps of: Wearing the intelligent mobile terminal on the internal fistula of the patient to enable the sensing probe to be attached to the skin; a starting step of starting a system through the main body switch; The acquisition and conversion step is that the sensing probe acquires the touch tremor analog signal and converts the touch tremor analog signal into a digital signal stream; The main board receives the digital signal flow, and sequentially performs signal preprocessing, feature extraction and classification prediction to obtain an internal fistula state monitoring result; And outputting and early warning, namely displaying the monitoring result on the display screen, and controlling the alarm lamp and/or the buzzer to carry out corresponding alarm according to the result.

Description

Internal fistula tactile tremor signal early warning and monitoring system and method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of household health monitoring, in particular to an internal fistula tactile tremor signal early warning and monitoring system and method, electronic equipment and a computer readable storage medium. Background An arteriovenous fistula (Arteriovenous Fistula, AVF) is the "lifeline" of hemodialysis in End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) patients, whose functional status directly affects the dialysis efficacy and patient survival rate. Clinical data indicate that about 30% -50% of internal fistulae develop stenosis or thrombosis within 1 year after surgery, resulting in internal fistula loss of work (no signal) and requiring urgent intervention (e.g., balloon dilation or surgical repair). Currently, internal fistula monitoring relies mainly on the following ways: Hospital routine monitoring-patients need to go to the hospital 1-2 times per week, and the doctor can judge the internal fistula state by tactile assessment (hand touch tremor intensity) or stethoscope listening to murmur. The method is high in subjectivity, the accuracy is greatly influenced by the experience of doctors (the misjudgment rate is about 15% -25%), and internal fistula abnormality during night or at home cannot be monitored in real time. The household Doppler ultrasonic equipment is characterized in that partial patients monitor internal fistula blood flow by using a household Doppler ultrasonic instrument, but the equipment has high price (> 5000 yuan), complex operation (couplant needs to be smeared and the position of a blood vessel needs to be found), and is unfriendly to old patients. The existing intelligent bracelet is provided with a part of intelligent bracelet integrated vibration sensor, and the internal fistula state is judged by collecting tremble signals, but the following defects exist: The sensor has low precision, namely, 12-bit ADC (analog-digital converter) is adopted, and small changes of internal fistula tremor (acceleration is less than 0.01 g) can not be captured; The algorithm is simple, only time domain features (such as peak values) are adopted for classification, frequency domain features (such as center frequency) are not combined, and the misjudgment rate is high (> 20%); The laminating performance is poor, a noise isolation structure is not designed, and external vibration (such as arm swing and clothes friction) is easy to interfere signals, so that false positive is caused. Therefore, a household internal fistula monitoring system which is integrated, high in precision and easy to operate is needed, real-time early warning is achieved, the medical treatment burden of a patient is reduced, and the survival rate of the internal fistula is improved. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides the following technical scheme: in one aspect, an internal fistula tactile tremor signal early warning monitoring system is provided, comprising: the sensing probe is used for collecting a touch tremor analog signal of the internal fistula by attaching to the skin; the converter is connected with the sensing probe and used for converting the analog signals into digital signal streams; The main board is connected with the converter and is used for receiving the digital signal flow, analyzing and comparing the digital signal flow through a built-in algorithm and outputting an internal fistula state monitoring result, wherein the internal fistula state comprises no signal, stenosis and normal; The display screen is connected with the main board and used for displaying the internal fistula state monitoring result; The alarm lamp is connected with the main board and used for sending out a corresponding type of alarm signal according to the internal fistula state monitoring result; a power supply for powering the system; the main body switch is connected with the main board and used for controlling the start and stop, initialization and reset of the system; The sound switch is connected with the main board and used for adjusting the alarm volume; The sensing probe, the converter, the main board and the power supply are integrated in the intelligent mobile terminal shell, and the display screen, the main body switch, the sound switch and the alarm lamp are arranged on the outer side face of the terminal shell. Preferably, the sensing probe is a piezoelectric acceleration sensor, the sensitive axis of the sensing probe is perpendicular to the surface of the skin, and the surface of the sensing probe is covered with a medical-grade silica gel film. Preferably, the converter is a 24-bit sigma-delta analog-to-digital converter (ADC) having a sampling rate of not less than 200Hz. Preferably, the main board comprises a main control chip and a memory, wherein the main control chip is a microcontroller with an ARM Cortex-M4 kernel, a