CN-122004937-A - Ultrasonic-based monitoring system for pediatric severe nursing

CN122004937ACN 122004937 ACN122004937 ACN 122004937ACN-122004937-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical monitoring and discloses a monitoring system for pediatric intensive care based on ultrasonic waves, which comprises a flexible ultrasonic sensor array, a micro thermocouple sensor, a multi-mode signal acquisition module, a self-adaptive beam forming and thermal dose control module, a respiratory analysis module and a respiratory analysis module, wherein the flexible ultrasonic sensor array transmits ultrasonic pulses through a piezoelectric micro mechanical ultrasonic transducer and receives pleural echo signals, the micro thermocouple sensor senses real-time temperature of a contact surface, the multi-mode signal acquisition module processes the echo signals and the real-time temperature, the self-adaptive beam forming and thermal dose control module dynamically adjusts the ultrasonic transducer transmitting voltage and pulse repetition frequency according to a comparison result of the real-time temperature and a preset safety threshold value, the temperature of the contact surface is controlled to rise in a safety range, and the respiratory analysis module based on sub-pixel displacement carries out sub-pixel level displacement vector tracking on the pleural strong echo points, so as to generate refined respiratory waveform data. According to the invention, by designing the intelligent integrated special pediatric monitoring system, the high-precision, low-risk and long-time continuous monitoring of the respiratory motion of the pediatric patient with severe symptoms is realized.

Inventors

LI MEINI
SUN YANFENG
XU TIANYAN
LI JIAO
LU HAIBO

Assignees

中国人民解放军总医院第三医学中心

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260324

Claims (10)

1. The ultrasonic-based monitoring system for pediatric intensive care is characterized by comprising a flexible ultrasonic sensor array, a multi-mode signal acquisition module, a self-adaptive beam forming and thermal dose control module and a respiration analysis module based on sub-pixel displacement; The flexible ultrasonic sensor array is used for transmitting ultrasonic pulses to the chest of the infant through the piezoelectric micromechanical ultrasonic transducer, receiving original echo signals of pleural line motion, and sensing physical temperature values of a probe-skin contact surface in real time through a miniature thermocouple sensor integrated in a transducer gap; The multi-mode signal acquisition module is used for respectively carrying out digital processing on the original echo signal and the physical temperature value to generate a digital echo data stream and a real-time temperature data packet; The self-adaptive beam forming and thermal dose control module is used for dynamically adjusting the transmitting voltage and pulse repetition frequency of the piezoelectric micro-mechanical ultrasonic transducer according to the received comparison result of the real-time temperature data packet and a preset safety threshold value so as to control the real-time temperature rise of the contact surface within a safety range; the respiration analysis module based on sub-pixel displacement is used for carrying out sub-pixel level displacement vector tracking on the strong echo points representing pleural lines in the digital echo data stream and generating refined respiration waveform data according to the periodic difference of the displacement vectors.
2. The ultrasound-based pediatric intensive care monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: the flexible ultrasonic sensor array further comprises a flexible substrate material layer, an array transducer patch layer and a top packaging layer; The flexible substrate material layer is composed of biocompatible medical silica gel, and the lower surface of the flexible substrate material layer is provided with bionic microstructure textures and is used for attaching the skin of a baby and removing micro bubbles on the contact surface; The array type transducer patch layer is compounded on the upper surface of the flexible substrate material layer, the piezoelectric micro-mechanical ultrasonic transducers are embedded in the array type transducer patch layer in a matrix form, the interval distance between every two adjacent piezoelectric micro-mechanical ultrasonic transducers is an integral multiple of half wavelength of ultrasonic pulse, and the array type transducer patch layer is used for synthesizing phase-controlled wave beams when the ultrasonic pulse is transmitted so as to focus on a focal zone where a pleura line is located; the top packaging layer covers the array transducer patch layer, and the micro thermocouple sensor is attached to the inner surface of the top packaging layer and positioned at the position of an acoustic blind area of the piezoelectric micro mechanical ultrasonic transducer.
3. The ultrasound-based pediatric intensive care monitoring system of claim 2, wherein: The array transducer patch layer is also integrated with a time gain compensation circuit connected with the piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducer and used for performing gain compensation on the received original echo signals so as to counteract attenuation of the ultrasonic signals in thoracic tissues; and a temperature compensation reference circuit is integrated in the top packaging layer and is connected with the micro thermocouple sensor, and the micro thermocouple sensor is used for receiving the physical temperature value, generating a temperature reference voltage and dynamically adjusting the compensation slope of the time gain compensation circuit according to the temperature reference voltage.
4. The ultrasound-based pediatric intensive care monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: The multi-mode signal acquisition module further comprises an ultrasonic simulation front end, a temperature acquisition unit and a synchronous sampling clock generator; The ultrasonic simulation front end is connected with the piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducer and is used for amplifying and analog-to-digital converting the original echo signal to generate a digital echo data stream; The temperature acquisition unit is connected with the micro thermocouple sensor and is used for carrying out analog-to-digital conversion on the physical temperature value to generate a real-time temperature data packet; The synchronous sampling clock generator is respectively connected with the ultrasonic simulation front end and the temperature acquisition unit and is used for generating a first sampling clock to supply to the ultrasonic simulation front end, generating a second sampling clock with integral multiple frequency division relation with the first sampling clock to supply to the temperature acquisition unit, and generating a frame synchronous signal according to the frame period of the first sampling clock so as to align the digital echo data stream and the real-time temperature data packet in time.
5. The ultrasound-based pediatric intensive care monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: The self-adaptive beam forming and thermal dose control module further comprises a thermal dose accumulation calculation unit and a temperature rise trend prediction unit; The thermal dose accumulation calculation unit is respectively connected with the flexible ultrasonic sensor array and the multi-mode signal acquisition module, and a pediatric tissue thermal dose equation is preset in the thermal dose accumulation calculation unit and is used for calculating a tissue thermal dose accumulation value at the current moment according to the real-time temperature data packet, the transmitting voltage and the pulse repetition frequency of the current piezoelectric micro-mechanical ultrasonic transducer; The temperature rise trend prediction unit is connected with the thermal dose accumulation calculation unit and is used for predicting a tissue temperature rise trend curve in a future preset time window through an internal integrated temperature rise predictor based on a time sequence neural network according to a historical tissue thermal dose accumulation value sequence, and if the tissue temperature rise trend in the future preset time window is judged to exceed the safety threshold, the adjustment of the emission voltage and the pulse repetition frequency is triggered.
6. The ultrasound-based pediatric intensive care monitoring system of claim 5, wherein: the adaptive beamforming and thermal dose control module further comprises a multi-parameter energy regulator and a beamforming controller; The multi-parameter energy regulator is respectively connected with the thermal energy accumulation calculation unit, the temperature rise trend prediction unit and the beam synthesis controller, and is internally provided with energy control strategy sets corresponding to different thermal energy accumulation value intervals in advance, and the multi-parameter energy regulator is used for dynamically selecting a target energy control strategy from the energy control strategy sets according to the received current thermal energy accumulation value and a future temperature rise prediction curve and generating a corresponding energy regulation instruction; The beam synthesis controller is connected with the multi-parameter energy regulator and the piezoelectric micromechanical ultrasonic transducer and is used for synchronously regulating the transmitting voltage and the pulse repetition frequency of the piezoelectric micromechanical ultrasonic transducer according to the energy regulating instruction.
7. The ultrasound-based pediatric intensive care monitoring system of claim 5 or 6, wherein: The adaptive beamforming and thermal dose control module further comprises a watchdog comparator and a forced interrupt switch; the watchdog comparator is connected with the multi-mode signal acquisition module and is used for triggering the forced interrupt switch to act when the real-time temperature data packet exceeds a preset overheat threshold value so as to cut off a power supply loop of the piezoelectric micro-mechanical ultrasonic transducer; And the forced interruption switch is connected with the watchdog comparator, and a normally closed contact of the forced interruption switch is connected in series in a power supply loop of the beam synthesis controller and the piezoelectric micromechanical ultrasonic transducer.
8. The ultrasound-based pediatric intensive care monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: the respiratory analysis module based on sub-pixel displacement further comprises an interest area intelligent extraction unit and a pleura line edge enhancement unit; the intelligent extraction unit of the region of interest is connected with the multi-mode signal acquisition module, a chest structure identification model based on deep learning is preset in the intelligent extraction unit of the region of interest, and the intelligent extraction unit is used for automatically identifying and extracting a rectangular region of interest containing pleura lines from a B-mode image frame of the digital echo data stream to generate a corresponding region of interest mask; The pleura line edge enhancement unit is connected with the intelligent extraction unit of the region of interest, and an anisotropic diffusion filter is integrated in the intelligent extraction unit and is used for carrying out smooth noise reduction and edge enhancement processing on the B-mode image frame in the mask of the region of interest only to generate an enhanced pleura line characteristic image sequence.
9. The ultrasound-based pediatric intensive care monitoring system of claim 8, wherein: the respiratory analysis module based on the sub-pixel displacement further comprises an optical flow field calculation unit and a sub-pixel peak value fitting unit; The optical flow field calculation unit is connected with the pleural line edge enhancement unit, and a pyramid iterative optical flow algorithm is integrated in the optical flow field calculation unit and is used for carrying out optical flow field calculation on pixel points in a region-of-interest mask between two continuous B-mode image frames in the enhanced pleural line characteristic image sequence to obtain an initial displacement vector of each pixel point; The sub-pixel peak fitting unit is connected with the optical flow field computing unit and is used for carrying out sub-pixel interpolation fitting on a local peak area representing a pleural line strong echo point in the initial displacement vector through a Gaussian surface fitting device integrated in the optical flow field computing unit to generate a sub-pixel displacement vector sequence.
10. The ultrasound-based pediatric intensive care monitoring system of claim 9, wherein: the respiratory analysis module based on sub-pixel displacement further comprises a respiratory waveform reconstruction unit, a multimodal motion separation unit and a waveform confidence evaluation unit; The respiratory waveform reconstruction unit is connected with the sub-pixel peak fitting unit and is used for extracting projection components of the sub-pixel displacement vector sequence in the direction vertical to the pleura line through a displacement-time converter, and arranging the projection component values according to the image frame acquisition time sequence to generate primary respiratory waveform data reflecting the motion of the pleura line along with respiratory motion; The multimodal motion separation unit is connected with the respiration waveform reconstruction unit and the optical flow field calculation unit and is used for constructing a separation matrix according to the difference of local motion directions of pixel points in the optical flow field so as to separate the preliminary respiration waveform data into a respiration motion component and a heartbeat vibration component; The waveform confidence evaluation unit is connected with the multimodal motion separation unit and is used for calculating a similarity score between the respiratory motion component and the normal respiratory morphology template through a waveform morphology template preset in the multimodal motion separation unit, and packaging the similarity score, the preliminary respiratory waveform data, the respiratory motion component and the heartbeat vibration component into refined respiratory waveform data.

Description

Ultrasonic-based monitoring system for pediatric severe nursing Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of medical monitoring, in particular to a monitoring system for pediatric intensive care based on ultrasonic waves. Background In pediatric intensive care, continuous monitoring of respiratory function is an important means for evaluating the change of illness state of an infant, pleural line motion directly reflects respiratory rhythm and amplitude, has important clinical significance for accurate tracking of the respiratory rhythm, and the traditional monitoring means such as impedance pneumography or manual observation have the problems of slow response, low precision and much interference, and are difficult to meet the real-time monitoring requirement of the infant suffering from the severe illness. In recent years, the ultrasonic technology is gradually introduced into the respiratory monitoring field due to the advantages of noninvasive, real-time and repeatable properties, however, the traditional ultrasonic probes are mostly of rigid structures, are difficult to adapt to the curved surfaces of the breasts of children, are easy to cause signal loss or artifacts due to long-time lamination, and in addition, the ultrasonic transducer can generate heat in the working process, and if the temperature rise is controlled improperly, the heat damage can be caused to pediatric patients with delicate skin. Aiming at the problem of ultrasonic temperature rise, the prior equipment mostly adopts a fixed power output or simple temperature alarm mechanism, lacks dynamic evaluation and prediction control of thermal dosage, especially in long-time continuous monitoring, can not adjust emission parameters according to real-time temperature and energy output, has potential safety hazards, in addition, pleural line motion extraction mostly depends on manual labeling or simple image processing, has limited precision, is difficult to distinguish composite motions caused by respiration and heartbeat, and the prior art does not have a pediatric special monitoring system integrating flexible sensing, multi-mode synchronous acquisition, thermal dosage self-adaptive control and sub-pixel respiration analysis into a whole, so that a comprehensive intelligent solution is needed. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a monitoring system for pediatric intensive care based on ultrasonic waves, which aims to solve the existing technical problems. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the invention provides an ultrasonic-based monitoring system for pediatric intensive care, which comprises a flexible ultrasonic sensor array, a multi-mode signal acquisition module, a self-adaptive beam forming and thermal dose control module and a respiration analysis module based on sub-pixel displacement, wherein the flexible ultrasonic sensor array is connected with the multi-mode signal acquisition module; The flexible ultrasonic sensor array is used for transmitting ultrasonic pulses to the chest of the infant through the piezoelectric micromechanical ultrasonic transducer, receiving original echo signals of pleural line motion, and sensing physical temperature values of a probe-skin contact surface in real time through a miniature thermocouple sensor integrated in a transducer gap; The multi-mode signal acquisition module is used for respectively carrying out digital processing on the original echo signal and the physical temperature value to generate a digital echo data stream and a real-time temperature data packet; The self-adaptive beam forming and thermal dose control module is used for dynamically adjusting the transmitting voltage and pulse repetition frequency of the piezoelectric micro-mechanical ultrasonic transducer according to the received comparison result of the real-time temperature data packet and a preset safety threshold value so as to control the real-time temperature rise of the contact surface within a safety range; the respiration analysis module based on sub-pixel displacement is used for carrying out sub-pixel level displacement vector tracking on the strong echo points representing pleural lines in the digital echo data stream and generating refined respiration waveform data according to the periodic difference of the displacement vectors. The technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that at least: According to the invention, the flexible ultrasonic sensor array is designed, and the biocompatible silica gel substrate and the bionic microstructure are adopted, so that the fitting property and the comfort of the probe and the skin of the infant are obviously improved, the bubbles on the contact surface are effectively eliminated, the stable transmission of ultrasonic signals is ensured, and the ultrasonic sensor array is suitable for pediatric intensive care scenes. According to the invention, by introdu