Search

CN-122005016-A - Visual hard waist combined blocking navigation puncture system for anesthesia

CN122005016ACN 122005016 ACN122005016 ACN 122005016ACN-122005016-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a visual hard waist combined blocking navigation puncture system for anesthesia, which particularly relates to the field of anesthesia, and comprises an ultrasonic data acquisition module, an electrical impedance data acquisition module, a data fusion processing module and a feedback output module, wherein the ultrasonic data acquisition module acquires ultrasonic echo signals of skin, subcutaneous fat, supraspinal ligaments, interspinous ligaments, vertebral bodies, intervertebral spaces and epidural space tissues on a puncture path in real time through an extremely fine array ultrasonic probe integrated on a puncture needle core, converts the signals into digital ultrasonic image data, and synchronously transmits the digital ultrasonic image data to the data fusion processing module. According to the invention, through ultrasonic and electrical impedance bimodal data acquisition, fusion processing and multidimensional feedback navigation, accurate visual operation of hard-waist combined blocking anesthesia is realized, the puncture success rate is greatly improved, the complication risk is reduced, the operation time is shortened, the pain of a patient is relieved, and meanwhile, the special crowd requirements and clinical quality control teaching scenes are adapted, so that the high safety is realized.

Inventors

  • ZHANG ZIHAO
  • ZHU JIANG
  • LIU HAIRUI
  • ZHANG LIANQIN
  • YANG BO

Assignees

  • 核工业总医院

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260206

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The visual hard waist combined blocking navigation puncture system for anesthesia is characterized by comprising an ultrasonic data acquisition module, an electrical impedance data acquisition module, a data fusion processing module and a feedback output module; The ultrasonic data acquisition module acquires ultrasonic echo signals of skin, subcutaneous fat, supraspinal ligament, interspinous ligament, ligamentum flavum, vertebral body, intervertebral space and epidural space tissues on a puncture path in real time through an extremely fine array type ultrasonic probe integrated on a puncture needle core, converts the signals into digital ultrasonic image data, and synchronously transmits the digital ultrasonic image data to the data fusion processing module; the electrical impedance data acquisition module forms a closed loop through a reference electrode patch attached to the limb of a patient and a measuring electrode at the tail end of the puncture needle tube, acquires electrical impedance values of different tissues between the puncture needle tip and the reference electrode in real time through an impedance analyzer, distinguishes impedance differences of subcutaneous fat, ligament tissues, ligamentum flavum and epidural space tissues, digitizes the acquired impedance data and transmits the digitized impedance data to the data fusion processing module; The data fusion processing module is used for receiving the ultrasonic image data output by the ultrasonic data acquisition module and the impedance data output by the electrical impedance data acquisition module, generating a 3D stereoscopic anatomical model and a 2D ultrasonic original image after fusion, and calculating navigation parameters of the distance from the skin to the epidural space, the current needle advancing depth, the needle advancing angle deviation and the distance between the needle tip and the target area in real time; The feedback output module is used for displaying the 3D stereo anatomical model, the 2D ultrasonic original image and the navigation parameters on the touch display screen in a partitioned mode, and outputting prompt sounds with different frequencies through the buzzer according to the needle point position and the distance between the needle point position and the target area.
  2. 2. The visual hard lumbar joint block navigation puncture system for anesthesia of claim 1, wherein: The operation process of the ultrasonic data acquisition module comprises the following steps: setting the central frequency of an ultrasonic transducer to be 10-15MHz, setting the scanning mode to be 360-degree annular scanning, and performing puncture after coaxially assembling an ultrasonic probe and a puncture needle tube, wherein the data sampling rate is more than or equal to 10 frames/second; In the puncturing process, the ultrasonic probe transmits continuous ultrasonic signals, receives reflected echo signals of different tissues of skin, subcutaneous fat, supraspinal ligament, interspinous ligament, yellow ligament, vertebral body, intervertebral space and epidural space on a puncturing path in real time, and the signal receiving range covers an area of 0.5-1cm around a needle point.
  3. 3. The visual hard lumbar joint block navigation puncture system for anesthesia of claim 2, wherein: The received analog echo signals are converted into standardized digital ultrasonic image data, the standardized digital ultrasonic image data are synchronously transmitted to the data fusion processing module through the shielded coaxial cable, and meanwhile, the acquisition state information is fed back to the data fusion processing module.
  4. 4. The visual hard lumbar joint block navigation puncture system for anesthesia of claim 3, wherein: The operation process of the electrical impedance data acquisition module comprises the following steps: The method comprises the steps of respectively attaching 4 reference electrode patches to the clean skin surfaces of the wrists and ankles of a patient, taking a metal joint at the tail end of a puncture needle tube as a measuring electrode, and forming a closed current loop with a safety current generating unit and an impedance analyzer which are arranged in a module through wires; After starting, presetting a low-frequency sinusoidal current with a safety current parameter of 0.1-0.5mA and 1kHz, setting the acquisition precision of an impedance analyzer to be 0.1 omega and the acquisition frequency to be 10 times/second, and determining the impedance threshold ranges of different tissues; In the puncturing process, the safety current generating unit continuously outputs safety current with preset parameters, the impedance analyzer acquires tissue impedance values between the puncturing needle point and each reference electrode in real time, and impedance data acquired each time and corresponding puncturing time points are recorded.
  5. 5. The visual hard lumbar joint block navigation puncture system for anesthesia of claim 4, wherein: And synchronously transmitting the digitized impedance data to a data fusion processing module, and simultaneously, preliminarily predicting the tissue type of the current needle point according to a preset impedance threshold range, so as to provide a preliminary reference basis for data fusion processing.
  6. 6. The visual hard lumbar joint block navigation puncture system for anesthesia of claim 5, wherein: the operation process of the data fusion processing module comprises the following steps: Receiving digital ultrasonic image data output by an ultrasonic data acquisition module, impedance data output by an electrical impedance data acquisition module and tissue prejudgement information, and carrying out association calibration on echo characteristics of an ultrasonic image and the impedance data based on a preset bimodal matching rule to generate a fusion data sequence; And calling a preset anatomical structure recognition model, analyzing the fusion data sequence, distinguishing skin, subcutaneous fat and ligament tissue boundaries, and synchronously calculating the linear distance from the skin to the epidural space and the current needle advancing depth parameter.
  7. 7. The visual hard lumbar joint block navigation puncture system for anesthesia of claim 6, wherein: Based on the analyzed fusion data sequence, constructing a 3D stereoscopic anatomical model containing puncture paths and tissue distribution, and simultaneously retaining a 2D section image corresponding to an original ultrasonic signal; and updating the space coordinates of the needle point in the 3D model according to the puncture needle displacement information acquired in real time, and calculating the distance between the needle point and the epidural space target area, the deviation value of the needle inserting angle and the optimal path to form a real-time navigation parameter set.
  8. 8. The visual hard lumbar joint block navigation puncture system for anesthesia of claim 7, wherein: and performing format conversion on the generated 3D stereo anatomical model, the 2D ultrasonic original image and the navigation parameter set to form a standardized data packet of the adaptive feedback output module, and marking a real-time update time stamp of the data.
  9. 9. The visual hard lumbar joint block navigation puncture system for anesthesia of claim 8, wherein: The operation process of the feedback output module comprises the following steps: Receiving a standardized data packet sent by a data fusion processing module, and dividing an independent display area on a touch display screen, wherein a left area renders a 2D ultrasonic original image, a middle area displays a 3D three-dimensional anatomical model and highlights a needle point position and a target area, and a right area displays navigation parameters in a numerical form; And simultaneously reading the distance between the needle tip in the navigation parameter and the target area, matching with a preset prompting sound rule, and outputting an audio signal with corresponding frequency through the buzzer.
  10. 10. The visual hard lumbar joint block navigation puncture system for anesthesia of claim 9, wherein: When the distance between the needle point and the target area is detected to be smaller than a preset threshold value, triggering visual warning in a 3D model area of the touch display screen, and switching the buzzer into continuous prompt sound; After the puncturing operation is finished, automatically storing the fusion data, navigation parameters and image information of the puncturing operation, and generating an operation record file.

Description

Visual hard waist combined blocking navigation puncture system for anesthesia Technical Field The invention relates to the field of anesthesia, in particular to a visual hard waist combined blocking navigation puncture system for anesthesia. Background The combined hard and lumbar blocking anesthesia is used as one of core technologies in the clinical anesthesia field, and takes up an irreplaceable position in lower limb operation, caesarean operation, operation of old patients and chronic pain treatment by virtue of the advantages of small influence on a circulatory system, good postoperative analgesic effect, controllable anesthesia cost and the like, and is a preferred anesthesia scheme for ensuring the safety of patients in part of scenes. However, in sharp contrast to the minimally invasive endoscopic visualization technology widely used in surgical operations, the current combined hard-lumbar blocking anesthesia operation still generally depends on a traditional blind detection mode, an anesthesiologist touches bony anatomical marks such as spinous processes and intervertebral spaces on the back of a patient through two hands to determine a puncture point, then a puncture needle provided with a plastic needle core is inserted into the needle along a pre-estimated direction, the needle insertion depth is judged completely by means of resistance change handfeel when the needle tip passes through different tissues, the needle core is extracted, and then the anesthetic is injected after no cerebrospinal fluid is confirmed through a back suction injector. The operation mode can maintain a certain success rate when facing to common patients with clear anatomical structures, but is extremely easy to be in dilemma in special crowds, for patients with serious obesity (BMI is more than 33kg/m < 2 >), a thickened subcutaneous fat layer can completely cover bony marks, not only is difficult to position an intervertebral space and can not accurately control the needle penetration depth through hand feeling, but also can lead to the physiological curvature change of the spine of a parturient with caesarean section due to the increase of abdominal pressure, and the abnormal patients with hyperosteogeny, intervertebral space stenosis, scoliosis, humpback and the like, all cause the puncture path to deviate, and the positioning error of the traditional palpation is larger. Repeated puncture is caused by misalignment in positioning, the average puncture frequency can reach 3-5 times, mechanical wounds such as supraspinal ligament tearing, yellow ligament injury and the like are caused, and the incidence rate of serious complications such as dura mater damage, cerebrospinal fluid leakage, epidural hematoma, nerve injury and the like is increased remarkably. In order to solve the above problems, a technical solution is now provided. Disclosure of Invention In order to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide a visual hard lumbar joint block navigation puncture system for anesthesia, so as to solve the problems set forth in the background art. The visual hard waist combined blocking navigation puncture system for anesthesia comprises an ultrasonic data acquisition module, an electrical impedance data acquisition module, a data fusion processing module and a feedback output module; The ultrasonic data acquisition module acquires ultrasonic echo signals of skin, subcutaneous fat, supraspinal ligament, interspinous ligament, ligamentum flavum, vertebral body, intervertebral space and epidural space tissues on a puncture path in real time through an extremely fine array type ultrasonic probe integrated on a puncture needle core, converts the signals into digital ultrasonic image data, and synchronously transmits the digital ultrasonic image data to the data fusion processing module; the electrical impedance data acquisition module forms a closed loop through a reference electrode patch attached to the limb of a patient and a measuring electrode at the tail end of the puncture needle tube, acquires electrical impedance values of different tissues between the puncture needle tip and the reference electrode in real time through an impedance analyzer, distinguishes impedance differences of subcutaneous fat, ligament tissues, ligamentum flavum and epidural space tissues, digitizes the acquired impedance data and transmits the digitized impedance data to the data fusion processing module; The data fusion processing module is used for receiving the ultrasonic image data output by the ultrasonic data acquisition module and the impedance data output by the electrical impedance data acquisition module, generating a 3D stereoscopic anatomical model and a 2D ultrasonic original image after fusion, and calculating navigation parameters of the distance from the skin to the epidural space, the current needle advancing depth, the needle advancing angle deviation and the distance be