CN-122005674-A - Formula for treating nocardia of fish and preparation method thereof

CN122005674ACN 122005674 ACN122005674 ACN 122005674ACN-122005674-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a formula for treating fish nocardia and a preparation method thereof, relating to the technical field of aquaculture disease control, wherein the formula comprises five traditional Chinese medicine particles of phellodendron, coptis chinensis, scutellaria baicalensis, magnolia officinalis and liquorice, 100g of the total weight is matched with 20kg of feed, strict requirements are imposed on particle size, active ingredient content, purity and the like, the preparation comprises the steps of raw material weighing pretreatment, traditional Chinese medicine extraction concentration, feed liquid mixing, low-temperature drying of medicinal baits, finished product packaging storage and the like, the operation parameters of each step are specified in detail, and the formula effectiveness and stability are ensured.

Inventors

HUANG TING
OUYANG XIANHUA
CHEN FUYAN
CHEN LITING
HE ZHICHANG
SU MEIZHEN
TAN HONGLIAN
CHEN JING

Assignees

广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院(广西壮族自治区渔业病害防治环境监测和质量检验中心、广西壮族自治区水生野生动物救护中心)
广西芳草安桂生物科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260203

Claims (10)

1. A formula for treating fish nocardia is characterized by comprising 35g of phellodendron bark, 25g of coptis chinensis, 20g of radix scutellariae, 10g of magnolia officinalis and 10g of liquorice, and 100g in total, and is matched with 20kg of aquatic feed.
2. The formulation for treating fish nocardia according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the phellodendron bark granule, the coptis granule, the scutellaria baicalensis granule, the magnolia officinalis granule and the liquorice granule is 20-40 meshes, and the particle uniformity is more than or equal to 95% as detected by a standard sieve.
3. The formula for treating fish nocardia according to claim 1, wherein the content of the effective components of the traditional Chinese medicine granule preparation is determined by high performance liquid chromatography detection, wherein the content of berberine in phellodendron is more than or equal to 3.0%, the content of berberine in coptis chinensis is more than or equal to 5.5%, the content of baicalin in scutellaria baicalensis is more than or equal to 9.0%, the total amount of magnolol and honokiol in magnolia officinalis is more than or equal to 2.0%, the content of glycyrrhizic acid in liquorice is more than or equal to 2.0%, and a chromatographic column adopted in detection is a C18 column, and the column temperature is 30 ℃.
4. The formula for treating fish nocardia according to claim 1, wherein the purity requirement of the traditional Chinese medicine granule preparation is that no mildew and no peculiar smell exist, the content of macroscopic impurities is less than or equal to 0.5%, the weight of residual impurities on a sieve is less than or equal to 0.1g after the traditional Chinese medicine granule preparation is screened by a 40-target quasi-sieve, the storage condition of the traditional Chinese medicine granule preparation is that the traditional Chinese medicine granule preparation is packaged in a sealing way, the traditional Chinese medicine granule preparation is placed in an environment with the temperature of 15-25 ℃ and the relative humidity of less than or equal to 60%, and the content attenuation rate of effective components in the storage period is less than or equal to 5%.
5. A method for preparing a formulation for treating nocardia in fish, which is used for preparing a formulation for treating nocardia in fish according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the preparation method comprises the specific steps of: S100, weighing and preprocessing raw materials, namely respectively weighing the traditional Chinese medicine granule preparations according to claim 1 by using an electronic day equal part with the precision of 0.1g in a clean operation room, putting the traditional Chinese medicine granule preparations into a clean and dry 500mL beaker together, stirring and mixing uniformly by using a sterile glass rod, screening by using a 40-target metalloid screen to remove caking, sand stone and fiber impurities, collecting the undersize mixed traditional Chinese medicine granule preparations, and covering for later use; S200, extracting and concentrating the traditional Chinese medicine, namely adding deionized water into the mixed traditional Chinese medicine granule preparation, stirring to fully infiltrate the raw materials, heating and extracting in a constant-temperature water bath kettle, cooling to room temperature after the extraction is finished, primarily filtering by using a plurality of layers of gauze, adding deionized water into the residues again, repeating the steps of extraction and filtering, combining the two filtrates, filtering by using double layers of quantitative filter paper until the filtrate is clear, transferring the clear filtrate into concentrating equipment, and concentrating the clear filtrate to 100mL under low temperature and reduced pressure to obtain a compound traditional Chinese medicine concentrated solution; s300, mixing the feed and the liquid medicine, namely putting 20kg of floating particle compound feed into a feed stirrer, stirring to loosen and uniformly mix the feed, then uniformly spraying the compound traditional Chinese medicine concentrated solution on the stirred feed, and continuously stirring until the liquid medicine and the feed particles are fully adsorbed and mixed; s400, drying the bait at a low temperature, namely uniformly spreading the mixed bait on a drying tray, putting the tray into a low-temperature drying oven for drying, periodically turning the bait during the period, taking out the bait after the drying is finished, and cooling the bait to room temperature in a clean environment; s500, packaging and storing the finished product, namely subpackaging the cooled medicinal baits into sterilized packaging containers, immediately sealing and labeling the sterilized medicinal baits, and storing the sealed finished products in a specified environment.
6. The preparation method of the formula for treating fish nocardia according to claim 5, wherein in the step S100, the environmental parameters of the clean operation room are that the temperature is 22+/-1 ℃ and the relative humidity is 50+/-5%, the operation room is sterilized by ultraviolet rays for 30 minutes before use, the ultraviolet lamp is less than or equal to 30cm from the operation table surface, the ultraviolet intensity is more than or equal to 30 mu W/cm < 2 >, the electronic balance is calibrated within 24 hours before weighing, the error of a 100g standard weight is less than or equal to +/-0.05 g, each raw material is independently weighed for 3 times during weighing, the average value is taken as a final weighing result, the mixing and stirring speed of the raw materials after weighing is 60 times/min, and the raw materials are continuously stirred for 3 minutes along the same direction by using a sterile glass rod.
7. The preparation method of the formula for treating fish nocardia according to claim 5, wherein in step S200, the mass-volume ratio of the mixed traditional Chinese medicine granule preparation to the deionized water added for the first time is 1:10, the heating temperature of the constant-temperature water bath is 100 ℃, the extraction is carried out for 30 minutes in a micro-boiling state, during the period, the mixture is stirred with a sterile glass rod for 1 time every 5 minutes, the stirring time is 10 seconds, the volume of the deionized water added during the second extraction is 500mL, and the extraction conditions are consistent with the first extraction.
8. The preparation method of a formulation for treating fish nocardia according to claim 5, wherein in step S200, the concentration device is a rotary evaporator, the concentration parameters are set to be 60 ℃ and the vacuum degree is 0.06-0.08MPa, the stirring speed is 50r/min, the volume of filtrate is recorded every 10 minutes in the concentration process, the concentration is stopped when the volume reaches 100mL ± 2mL, the compound traditional Chinese medicine concentrate is stored in the environment of 4-8 ℃ after being sealed, and the standby time is not more than 12 hours.
9. The preparation method of a formula for treating fish nocardia according to claim 5, wherein in step S300, the particle size of the floating particle compound feed is 2-4mm, the crude protein content is not less than 40%, the moisture content is not more than 10%, the volume of a feed stirrer is 50L, the rotating speed is 100r/min, the feed pretreatment stirring time is 5 minutes, the liquid medicine is sprayed for 3-4 times, the spraying interval is 2 minutes, the stirring is continued for 15-20 minutes after the spraying, and the mixing uniformity is detected by a five-point sampling method, and the variation coefficient of the active ingredient content is not more than 5%.
10. The preparation method of a formula for treating fish nocardia according to claim 5, wherein in the step S400, the spreading thickness of the bait on a drying tray is 1.5-2.0cm, the weight of a single-disc bait is not more than 5kg, the bait is dried in a 45 ℃ low-temperature drying box for 2-3 hours, the temperature control precision of the low-temperature drying box is +/-2 ℃, the bait is turned once every 30 minutes in the drying process by a sterile glass rod, the average water content of the bait is detected by a rapid moisture tester to be less than or equal to 12%, and the difference between the temperature of the bait and the room temperature after cooling is less than or equal to 2 ℃.

Description

Formula for treating nocardia of fish and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture disease control, in particular to a formula for treating fish nocardia and a preparation method thereof. Background The aquaculture is taken as an important component in the agricultural field, plays a key role in guaranteeing the supply of aquatic products and promoting the development of industrial economy, and along with the continuous expansion of the cultivation scale and the continuous increase of cultivation density, the problem of fish diseases is increasingly prominent, wherein nocardia is one of common diseases seriously harmed, the diseases have the characteristics of strong infectivity and wide incidence range, the normal physiological functions of the fish can be influenced after the fish is infected, the growth retardation and appetite reduction are caused, the large-scale death can be caused when the fish is seriously infected, the large economic loss is caused for farmers, the healthy development of the aquaculture industry is restricted, the prevention and control of the nocardia of the fish in the industry mainly depends on the drug treatment, the chemical drugs are widely used once because of the effect, but along with the importance of people on the food safety and ecological environment, the potential risks brought by the chemical drugs are gradually revealed, the natural, safe and environment-friendly treatment scheme becomes the important direction of the research and development of the industry, and the application prospect of the traditional Chinese medicine is widely focused in the field of preventing and curing the aquatic diseases by virtue of the mildness, the low residue and the difficulty of drug resistance. The traditional treatment means for fish nocardia has a plurality of limitations, the requirements of high quality development of modern aquaculture are difficult to meet, in the aspect of chemical drug treatment, the long-term use easily causes residues of drugs in fish bodies, the quality safety of aquatic products is influenced, meanwhile, the residual drugs can enter the culture environment to destroy the ecological balance of water bodies, the nocardia can possibly generate drug resistance, the subsequent treatment effect is continuously reduced, the traditional Chinese medicine treatment scheme also has obvious defects, the formula collocation lacks scientific verification of a system, the ingredient synergistic effect is not fully exerted, the quality control of traditional Chinese medicine raw materials lacks uniform standards, the fluctuation of the content of active ingredients is large, the stability of the treatment effect is difficult to be ensured, the preparation process is rough, the extraction mode is simple, the release of the active ingredients is insufficient, the mixing uniformity of the active ingredients and the feed is poor, the ingestion amount of the fish is uneven, in addition, the storage condition lacks standardization, the attenuation of the active ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicine is easy to cause, the drug effect is further influenced, and the problems are difficult to achieve ideal prevention and treatment effects in the practical application. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to make up the defects of the prior art, and provides a formula for treating fish nocardia and a preparation method thereof, the method adopts five traditional Chinese medicines such as phellodendron, coptis and the like, scientifically mixes and prescribes parameters such as particle size, purity and the like, the prepared medicinal bait is prepared through the steps of raw material pretreatment, traditional Chinese medicine extraction and concentration, feed mixing, low-temperature drying and the like, has high content of active ingredients and good stability, can obviously improve the cure rate of fish nocardia, is environment-friendly and free of residues, provides a safe and efficient treatment means for aquaculture industry, and accords with the development trend of green cultivation. The invention provides a formula for treating fish nocardia, which comprises 35g of phellodendron, 25g of coptis chinensis, 20g of scutellaria baicalensis, 10g of magnolia officinalis and 10g of liquorice, and is 100g in total, and is matched with 20kg of aquatic feed. Further, the particle sizes of the phellodendron bark particle preparation, the coptis root particle preparation, the baical skullcap root particle preparation, the magnolia bark particle preparation and the liquorice particle preparation are all 20-40 meshes, and the particle uniformity is more than or equal to 95% through the detection of a standard sieve. Further, the content of the effective components of the traditional Chinese medicine granular preparation is confirmed by high performance liquid chromatography detection, wherein the content of be