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CN-122005904-A - Composite hydrogel for medical auxiliary materials and preparation method thereof

CN122005904ACN 122005904 ACN122005904 ACN 122005904ACN-122005904-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical materials, and particularly relates to a composite hydrogel for medical dressing, which consists of carrageenan, locust bean gum, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, potassium chloride, diglycerol and water, and functional components such as dragon fruit powder, taurine and the like can be selectively added. The preparation method comprises the steps of firstly dissolving PVA in hot water, adding mixed powder of carrageenan and locust bean gum, stirring and swelling uniformly, adding PVP, KCl, diglycerol and other functional components, heating to form uniform and clear composite sol, cooling to obtain physical crosslinking gel with good adhesiveness and rebound resilience, and further crosslinking PVP and PVA in the gel by adopting 60 Co gamma ray irradiation to obtain a final product with higher mechanical strength and more stable structure. The hydrogel has high transparency, can be closely attached to skin or tissues, has excellent biocompatibility, moisturizing performance and structural stability, and is suitable for wound dressing.

Inventors

  • LI JIACHUN
  • YANG MINGCHENG
  • ZHANG BENSHANG
  • YANG FAN
  • HUANG YUYANG
  • ZHANG DINGDING
  • GUO TIANFEI
  • LI JIANING

Assignees

  • 河南省科学院同位素研究所有限责任公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260324

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A method for preparing a composite hydrogel for medical dressing, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) Adding polyvinyl alcohol into water, stirring and heating at 90-98 ℃ until PVA is completely dissolved, and obtaining clear and transparent solution; (2) Adding the mixed powder of carrageenan and locust bean gum into the solution obtained in the step (1), and stirring and adding until the colloid powder is fully dispersed and swelled to obtain a swelling suspension; (3) Heating the swelling suspension to boiling and maintaining for 3-8 minutes until the swelling suspension is completely converted into a uniform and transparent viscous gel solution; (4) Cooling the transparent gel solution obtained in the step (3) to 50-60 ℃, sequentially adding a polyvinylpyrrolidone aqueous solution with the concentration of 20%, potassium chloride and diglycerol in a stirring state, and continuously stirring at the temperature until all additives are completely dissolved to obtain a gel precursor which is uniformly mixed; (5) Injecting the gel precursor into a mould with a preset shape, standing at room temperature for 20-40 minutes, and cooling and forming to obtain physical crosslinked gel; (6) And (3) carrying out vacuum degassing and sealing packaging on the physical crosslinked gel obtained in the step (5), and carrying out irradiation treatment by adopting 60 Co gamma-ray source with the irradiation dose of 10-20 kGy to obtain the crosslinked reinforced composite hydrogel.
  2. 2. The preparation method of the composite hydrogel for the medical dressing, which is characterized by comprising, by mass, 2% -3% of PVA, 0.5% -2% of carrageenan, 0.2% -0.5% of locust bean gum, 1% -2% of 20% polyvinyl pyrrolidone aqueous solution, 0.02% -0.05% of KCl, 0.2% -0.5% of diglycerol and the balance of water.
  3. 3. The method for preparing a composite hydrogel for medical dressing according to claim 2, wherein in the step (4), one or two of dragon fruit powder and taurine are additionally added according to the need.
  4. 4. The preparation method of the composite hydrogel for the medical dressing according to claim 3, wherein the usage amount of the dragon fruit powder and the taurine is relatively independent, and the dragon fruit powder and the taurine respectively account for 0.2% -0.5% of the dragon fruit powder and 0.2% -0.5% of the taurine by mass percent.
  5. 5. The method for preparing a composite hydrogel for medical dressing according to claim 1, wherein the alcoholysis degree of PVA in step (1) is 98% -99%, the polymerization degree is 1700±100, and the dissolution temperature is 95 ℃.
  6. 6. The method for preparing a composite hydrogel for a medical dressing according to claim 1, wherein the stirring time in the step (2) is 10-20 minutes, and the composite hydrogel is left to stand and swell for 15-25 minutes.
  7. 7. The method for producing a composite hydrogel for medical dressing according to claim 1, wherein the heating is carried out in the step (3) by using an oil bath at a temperature of 120±5 ℃ for 5 minutes.
  8. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the mold used in the step (5) is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, silica gel or polypropylene.
  9. 9. The composite hydrogel prepared by the preparation method of the composite hydrogel for medical dressing according to any one of claims 1-8 is characterized by strong adhesiveness, easy removability, good rebound resilience and high transparency.
  10. 10. Use of a composite hydrogel according to claim 9 for the preparation of a medical dressing, in particular for a wound dressing.

Description

Composite hydrogel for medical auxiliary materials and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of medical materials, and particularly relates to a composite hydrogel for medical auxiliary materials and a preparation method thereof. Background In the field of wound care, medical dressings play a vital role. The ideal high-performance wound dressing can actively promote healing, and has the core functions of providing and maintaining a moist environment for a wound surface to accelerate epithelial regeneration, closely fitting tissues to avoid seepage accumulation and microbial invasion, having good mechanical flexibility to adapt to a body movement part, and simultaneously having the characteristics of biological safety and easy removal. Hydrogels are considered ideal matrix materials for achieving the above functions due to their high water content (typically > 70%), excellent biocompatibility and similar mechanical properties to soft tissues. Currently, common commercial hydrogel dressings are mainly based on single natural polymers (e.g. sodium alginate, carrageenan, gelatin) or synthetic polymers (e.g. polyvinylpyrrolidone PVP, polyvinyl alcohol PVA). However, single material systems tend to suffer from significant drawbacks. For example, kappa-carrageenan can form a thermoreversible gel in the presence of K+, but has fragile network structure, limited water retention capacity and easy dehydration shrinkage after long-term use, so that dressing and wound surface are adhered and secondary injury is caused, locust bean gum is low in gel forming strength alone and poor in thermal stability, and synthetic polymer PVP hydrogel has excellent biocompatibility, but has generally insufficient adhesiveness to wet tissues, and the mechanical strength and toughness of pure PVP gel are difficult to meet clinical requirements simultaneously. In order to overcome the limitation of single materials, the prior art adopts a physical blending or chemical crosslinking method to carry out modification. Although the physical blending operation is simple, the components are combined mainly through weak interaction such as hydrogen bond, the formed gel network has poor stability, and the structure relaxation and the performance decay are easy to occur under the condition of body fluid soaking or mechanical stress. Although chemical crosslinking methods (such as glutaraldehyde and genipin and other small molecular crosslinking agents) can obviously improve mechanical properties, the residual crosslinking agents can introduce potential cytotoxicity and sensitization risks, and the crosslinking process is difficult to control accurately, so that uneven network inside gel is easily caused, and the swelling behavior and the use comfort of the gel are affected. It is particularly critical that existing hydrogel dressings have difficulty balancing the two clinically critical attributes of strong adhesion and ease of removal. Insufficient adhesion can easily lead to displacement of the dressing and loss of protection of the wound surface, while excessively strong adhesion (such as certain acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives) can easily damage new epithelial tissues during removal. Therefore, the development of the composite hydrogel dressing which is constructed through a green process, can synergistically optimize adhesiveness, easy removability, mechanical strength and biological safety and is suitable for wound surface environments is a technical problem to be solved urgently in the field of current medical materials. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a composite hydrogel for medical dressing, a preparation method and application thereof, which effectively solves the technical problems that the existing single colloid hydrogel has poor mechanical property, poor adhesion and easy removability, and the chemical crosslinking method has biological safety risks and complex process control, and simultaneously provides the composite hydrogel with uniform and stable network structure, strong adhesion, easy removability, high rebound elasticity and excellent biocompatibility. The invention adopts the following technical scheme to achieve the aim, namely a preparation method of the composite hydrogel for medical dressing, which comprises the following steps: (1) Adding polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) into water, stirring and heating at 90-98 ℃ until the PVA is completely dissolved, and obtaining a clear and transparent PVA solution; (2) Adding mixed powder of carrageenan and locust bean gum into the PVA solution obtained in the step (1) under stirring, and continuing stirring to fully disperse and swell colloid powder to obtain a swelling suspension; (3) Heating the swelling suspension to boiling and maintaining for 3-8 minutes until the swelling suspension is completely converted into a uniform and transparent viscous gel solution; (4) Cooling the transparent gel solution obtained in the