CN-122005942-A - Multilayer artificial skin flap containing built-in nutrient blood vessel and preparation method thereof

CN122005942ACN 122005942 ACN122005942 ACN 122005942ACN-122005942-A

Abstract

The application provides a multilayer artificial skin flap containing built-in nutrient blood vessels and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The artificial skin flap is sequentially provided with a first decellularized meat pulp matrix layer, a nutrient blood vessel, a fabric layer and a second decellularized meat pulp matrix layer from top to bottom. The nutrient blood vessel can construct a nutrient conveying channel for surrounding tissues to promote rapid proliferation of cells and formation of a neovascular network, the decellularized meat pulp matrix layer provides a bionic microenvironment to support adhesion, migration and growth of cells, the fabric layer plays a role in enhancing mechanical support and simultaneously endows the skin flap with good suture property and tear resistance, and in addition, the nutrient blood vessel and the fabric layer are both degradable filaments, so that a degradation period can be regulated and controlled according to requirements to make room for tissue ingrowth and smooth transition of mechanical support. The artificial skin flap has excellent biocompatibility, controllable degradability, active vascularization capacity and proper mechanical properties, and is suitable for full-layer skin defect repair and soft tissue regeneration engineering.

Inventors

ZHAO HUAWANG
ZHUANG YAN
WANG SHENAO
LI MIN
ZHANG JINCHENG
XU CHAO
DONG XIANZHEN
YANG HONGJUN

Assignees

武汉纺织大学
湖北江夏实验室

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260414

Claims (10)

1. A multilayer artificial skin flap containing an embedded nutritional blood vessel is characterized by comprising a first decellularized meat pulp substrate layer, a nutritional blood vessel, a fabric layer and a second decellularized meat pulp substrate layer from top to bottom, wherein the nutritional blood vessel and the fabric layer are all made of degradable filament fabrics, the surface of the nutritional blood vessel is coated with a gelatin/chitosan mixed coating, and the porosities of the first decellularized meat pulp substrate layer and the second decellularized meat pulp substrate layer are 70-90%.
2. The multilayered artificial skin flap with built-in nutrient blood vessels according to claim 1, wherein the cell pulp matrix in the first decellularized pulp matrix layer and the second decellularized pulp matrix layer are each formed by decellularizing animal-derived meat to make pulp and lyophilizing.
3. The multilayered artificial skin flap with built-in nutritional blood vessel according to claim 1, wherein said degradable filaments comprise at least one of polyglycolic acid, polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer, polylactic acid, polydioxanone, polycaprolactone.
4. The multilayered artificial skin flap with built-in nutrient blood vessel according to claim 1, wherein the nutrient blood vessel is of a hollow tubular structure, the inner diameter is 0.5-3 mm, and the outer diameter is 1-4 mm.
5. The multilayered artificial skin flap with built-in nutritional blood vessel according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of gelatin to chitosan in the gelatin/chitosan mixed coating is (8-10): 1.
6. The multilayered artificial skin flap with built-in nutritional blood vessel according to claim 1, wherein said fabric is a knitted fabric, a woven fabric or a woven fabric.
7. The multilayer artificial skin flap with the built-in nutritional blood vessel according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the multilayer artificial skin flap with the built-in nutritional blood vessel is 3-10 mm, and the thickness of the first decellularized meat pulp matrix layer and the second decellularized meat pulp matrix layer respectively account for 30-50% of the whole thickness.
8. A method for preparing a multilayer artificial skin flap containing a built-in nutritional blood vessel, which is characterized in that the multilayer artificial skin flap containing a built-in nutritional blood vessel according to any one of claims 1-7 comprises the following preparation steps: s1, preparing meat pulp from animal-derived meat after decellularized treatment, and obtaining a decellularized meat pulp matrix by freeze-drying; S2, weaving a blood vessel and a fabric layer; s3, coating the gelatin/chitosan mixed solution on the surface of the blood vessel, and freeze-drying to obtain the nutrient blood vessel; s4, sequentially paving a first layer of decellularized meat pulp matrix, a nutritional blood vessel, a fabric layer and a second layer of decellularized meat pulp matrix layer in a forming die, and performing freeze-drying treatment to obtain the multilayer artificial skin flap containing the built-in nutritional blood vessel.
9. The method for preparing the multilayered artificial skin flap with the built-in nutritional blood vessel according to claim 8, wherein in the step S2, the concentration of the gelatin/chitosan mixed solution is 6-10 w/v% and the solvent is 1-5% glacial acetic acid solution.
10. The method for preparing the multilayered artificial skin flap with the built-in nutritional blood vessel according to claim 8, wherein in the step S1, the solid content of the meat paste is 5-15%.

Description

Multilayer artificial skin flap containing built-in nutrient blood vessel and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, in particular to a multilayer artificial skin flap containing built-in nutrient blood vessels and a preparation method thereof. Background Soft tissue repair after large area skin defects, severe burns or wounds is a significant challenge in clinic. Autologous skin graft or flap grafting is gold standard, but presents the risk of donor area injury, limited source, secondary surgical trauma, and vascular anastomosis failure. A central challenge of tissue engineering artificial skin flaps as an alternative is how to quickly establish an efficient blood supply to ensure survival and functional integration of the graft. The existing artificial skin flap research is mainly focused on material development (such as collagen scaffold, synthetic polymer film and growth factor load), but the strategies often have the defects that 1) a functional pre-vascular network is lacked, the nutrition penetration depth is limited, so that cell ischemia necrosis is caused at the central part of the implant, 2) the mechanical property and the degradation rate of the material are difficult to match with the tissue regeneration process, and 3) the structure is single, so that the multilayer heterogeneity of natural skin tissues is difficult to simulate. Although there have been attempts to introduce hollow fibers or preformed channels, most use bioinert materials or lack of pro-endothelialization surface modifications, resulting in low vascularization efficiency and susceptibility to blockage. Therefore, the development of the multilayer composite artificial skin flap integrating the active nutrition conveying function, the bionic extracellular matrix microenvironment and the controllable degradation mechanical support is important for realizing rapid and high-quality tissue regeneration. Disclosure of Invention In view of the technical problems in the background art, the application provides a multilayer artificial skin flap containing a built-in nutrition blood vessel and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems that the existing artificial skin flap cannot actively transport nutrition, is low in survival rate and the like. The application provides a multilayer artificial skin flap containing a built-in nutritional blood vessel, which comprises a first decellularized meat pulp substrate layer, a nutritional blood vessel, a fabric layer and a second decellularized meat pulp substrate layer from top to bottom, wherein the nutritional blood vessel and the fabric layer are all fabrics woven by degradable filaments, the surface of the nutritional blood vessel is coated with a gelatin/chitosan mixed coating, and the porosities of the first decellularized meat pulp substrate layer and the second decellularized meat pulp substrate layer are 70-90%. In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, a first decellularized meat pulp matrix layer, a nutritional blood vessel, a fabric layer and a second decellularized meat pulp matrix layer are sequentially arranged on the multilayer artificial skin flap containing the built-in nutritional blood vessel from top to bottom. The nutrient blood vessel is a degradable filament knitted tubular structure with a gelatin/chitosan mixed coating coated on the surface, a nutrient conveying channel can be constructed for surrounding tissues after implantation, the rapid proliferation of cells and the formation of a new blood vessel network are obviously promoted, a decellularized meat pulp matrix layer retains natural extracellular matrix components, a bionic microenvironment is provided, cell adhesion, migration proliferation and differentiation are supported, a fabric layer plays roles of enhancing mechanical support, maintaining structural stability, endowing skin flaps with good stitching property and tear resistance and guiding cell directional migration through fiber orientation, in addition, the nutrient blood vessel and the fabric layer are woven by adopting degradable filaments, the selected degradable filaments can be gradually degraded after the initial nutrient conveying task is completed according to the requirement, a space is vacated for tissue growth, and finally the tissue is completely replaced by host tissues, and the degradation rate of the fabric layer can be matched with the matrix layer to absorb and the tissue regeneration process, so that the transition of mechanical support is realized. The artificial skin flap is compounded through multiple layers of functionalization, has excellent biocompatibility, controllable degradability, active vascularization capacity and proper mechanical properties, and is suitable for full-layer skin defect repair and soft tissue regeneration engineering. The proper pore structure can ensure the rapid in-grow