Search

CN-122006216-A - Preoperative training method and preoperative training device

CN122006216ACN 122006216 ACN122006216 ACN 122006216ACN-122006216-A

Abstract

The invention provides a preoperative training method and device, which relate to the field of medical equipment, wherein the device comprises an elastic inflation part, an inflation unit and a pressure monitoring unit, wherein the elastic inflation part is formed by a pair of deformation parts with ellipsoidal structures, the deformation part at least has a first state and a second state, the volume of the deformation part in the first state can freely extend into the nasal cavity of a patient, the volume of the deformation part in the nasal cavity of the patient in the second state at least seals a respiratory passage of the nasal cavity of the patient, the inflation unit is used for inflating the deformation part, the pressure monitoring unit is used for monitoring the pressure of the deformation part so as to determine the pressure change rate in the deformation part and adjust the inflation rate to the deformation part, and the elastic inflation part is limited and fixed in the nasal cavity of the patient during training, so that the patient is guided to perform respiratory function training and swallowing function training in the nasal obstruction state. The invention truly simulates the nasal cavity filling effect after the nasal endoscope operation by arranging the preoperative training device, and is a safe and scientific quantitative training guidance scheme.

Inventors

  • TU JING
  • MO YUNJIE
  • Zhong Jinmeng

Assignees

  • 常州市第一人民医院

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260206

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A method of preoperative training, comprising: according to the nasal cavity state of a patient, determining and adopting a first speed to inflate the elastic inflatable parts extending into the nasal cavities at two sides of the patient; Detecting and judging whether the pressure change rate in the elastic inflation part reaches a first threshold value, and switching a second rate to continuously inflate the elastic inflation part when the pressure change rate reaches the first threshold value; detecting and judging whether the pressure change rate in the elastic inflation part reaches a second threshold value, stopping inflation and locking after the second rate is kept to continuously inflate the elastic inflation part for a preset period of time when the pressure change rate reaches the second threshold value, and entering a nose blocking state; in the nasal obstruction state, the patient is guided to perform respiratory function training and swallowing function training.
  2. 2. The preoperative training method of claim 1, further comprising: Identifying identity information of a patient, and determining a preoperative training plan corresponding to the identity information of the user, wherein the preoperative training plan is customized according to the physical state and the nasal cavity state of the patient; And starting the preoperative training device to perform intelligent training according to training parameters set by the preoperative training program, wherein the intelligent training comprises automatically starting and stopping the inflation of the elastic inflation part according to a preset inflation rate and keeping the pressure in the elastic inflation part according to a preset duration according to the training parameters.
  3. 3. The preoperative training method of claim 1, further comprising: Acquiring blood oxygen saturation data of a patient in real time in a training process, and monitoring body response data of the patient under different blood oxygen saturation data; uploading the body response data to a monitoring center, and evaluating the fit of the preoperative training plan to the patient so as to dynamically adjust the preoperative training plan.
  4. 4. The preoperative training method of claim 1, further comprising: And under the pressure maintaining state of the elastic inflation part, monitoring the pressure change value in the elastic inflation part in real time, sending an alarm prompt when the pressure change value exceeds a preset range, and automatically supplementing or deflating the elastic inflation part.
  5. 5. The preoperative training device is characterized by comprising an elastic inflation part, an inflation unit and a pressure monitoring unit, wherein the inflation unit is connected to the elastic inflation part by adopting an inflation pipeline, and the pressure monitoring unit is arranged on the inflation pipeline; the elastic inflation part comprises a pair of deformation parts of an ellipsoidal structure, and the deformation parts are made of elastic materials; the deformation part is provided with at least a first state and a second state when the preoperative training device works, wherein the first state is a standby state, and the volume of the deformation part can freely extend into the nasal cavity of a patient in the standby state; the inflation unit is used for inflating the deformation part so that the deformation part fills from a first state to a second state; The pressure monitoring unit is used for monitoring the pressure of the deformation part in real time and determining the pressure change rate in the deformation part so as to adjust the inflation rate of the deformation part according to the pressure change rate.
  6. 6. The preoperative training device of claim 5, further comprising an identification unit, a blood oxygen monitoring unit, an alarm unit, and a control unit, wherein the identification unit, the blood oxygen monitoring unit, the alarm unit, the inflation unit, and the pressure monitoring unit are respectively in signal connection with the control unit; The identity recognition unit is used for recognizing the identity information of the patient and sending the identity information to the control unit; The control unit invokes a pre-operation training plan of the patient pre-stored in the control unit according to the received identity information and sends a control signal to the inflation unit so that the inflation unit enters a training state after inflating a deformation part extending into the nasal cavity of the patient; The blood oxygen monitoring unit is used for acquiring blood oxygen information of a patient in a training process in real time and sending the blood oxygen information to the control unit so that the control unit can adjust the training process according to the received blood oxygen information.
  7. 7. The preoperative training device of claim 6, further comprising a multiparameter body monitoring unit signally connected to the control unit; The multi-parameter body monitoring unit is used for monitoring body data of a patient in a training process and sending the body data to the control unit so that the control unit can upload the body data to the monitoring center to evaluate the fit degree of the preoperative training plan and the patient, thereby adjusting the preoperative training plan of the patient, wherein the body data comprises heart rate, respiratory frequency, blood pressure and body temperature.
  8. 8. The preoperative training device of claim 5, wherein the elastic inflation portion further comprises a support portion and a blocking portion; the inflatable unit is characterized in that the inflatable unit is connected with two deformation parts by adopting a Y-shaped inflatable pipeline, the support part comprises two support buttresses, the two support buttresses are respectively sleeved on two branch pipes of the Y-shaped inflatable pipeline connected with the deformation parts, and the size of the end part of the support buttresses, which is close to the deformation parts, is larger than the nostril size of any patient; the blocking parts comprise two branch pipes which are respectively arranged on the Y-shaped air charging pipeline and connected with the deformation part and are used for blocking the air flow of the branch pipes.
  9. 9. The preoperative training device of claim 5, wherein the inflation unit is a manual inflation unit comprising a gas chamber provided with graduations and a piston portion having one end sealed to extend into the gas chamber; The gas chamber is provided with a gas outlet, the end part of the piston part, which is far away from the gas outlet, extends out of the gas chamber, and the gas in the gas chamber is extruded by the piston part to inflate the deformation part.
  10. 10. The preoperative training device of claim 5, wherein the surface of the deformed portion is smooth.

Description

Preoperative training method and preoperative training device Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to a preoperative training method and device. Background Chronic sinusitis (CRS) is a common disease in ear, nose, throat, head and neck surgery, with complex etiology and pathophysiological mechanisms, and a course of disease usually exceeding 12 weeks. At present, the endoscopic nasal surgery is a main means for treating chronic nasosinusitis, aims at cutting irreversible lesions, reconstructing ventilation and drainage of nasal sinuses, promoting regression of mucosal inflammation and functional recovery, and is conventionally performed with nasal cavity filling after operation, wherein common filling materials mainly comprise non-degradable materials such as vaseline strips, expansion sponge and the like which need to be taken out within 24-48 hours, and degradable materials such as high-molecular biological polymeric materials, hyaluronic acid gel with biological activity and the like. Clinical practice has shown that patients often experience a range of complications during nasal filling, including but not limited to significant pain, severe loss of comfort, dry throat due to altered breathing patterns, and sleep disorders. Studies have demonstrated that patients with chronic sinusitis, nasal cavity tamponade following endoscopic rhinoplasty, have widespread moderate sleep problems. The dietary intake and sleep quality of a patient are directly related to their post-operative mental state, quality of life and wound healing rate. Therefore, effective intervention measures are adopted before operation, so that a patient is helped to adapt to the nasal cavity filling state in advance, and the method is important for improving the diet and sleep quality after operation, relieving pain, and improving the overall comfort level and the rehabilitation efficiency. In recent years, the accelerated rehabilitation surgery (ERAS) concept has been introduced for the management of chronic sinusitis patients, and the "nasal obstruction test" concept has been proposed in the preoperative guidance, wherein an improvement is that a dry cotton ball or other filler is used to fill the nasal cavity to simulate the postoperative state, so that the patient can feel the changes of breathing and swallowing modes in advance, and on the basis, lip-contracting abdominal breathing training is performed, such as 10 times per minute, 10 minutes each time, 3 times per day, and swallowing training, such as 10ml of warm water matched breathing swallowing, 10 minutes each time, 3 times per day. Additional studies extended pre-operative nasal occlusion training time to three days, with increased compliance by increasing single tamponade time, e.g., from 20 minutes to 60 minutes, and increasing daily training frequency, e.g., 6 times daily, with three meals. However, the existing preoperative training methods have three obvious defects, and limit the clinical popularization effect and safety. In the first aspect, the conventional method generally adopts a common dry cotton ball as a simulated filling object, and has dry and fluffy materials, and has an essential difference in physical properties with medical filling materials which are actually used after operation and have specific biological characteristics, such as wetting, fullness and certain mechanical support, so that the simulation effect is poor. Meanwhile, the specification of the dry cotton ball is single, personalized filling cannot be carried out according to the anatomical sizes of nasal cavities of different patients, filling degree and pressing sense similar to those of real filling after operation are difficult to ensure, and the reality and effectiveness of training are reduced. More importantly, the dried cotton wool is at risk of falling off, being inhaled by mistake or remaining in the nasal cavity, so that potential safety hazards are formed. The method has the advantages that the training scheme is short, a set of scientific, detailed, unified and quantitatively-executable standardized training guidance scheme is lacking at present, the training time length, the frequency, the specific matching key of breathing and swallowing actions and the like of the existing method are set based on experience, evidence-based medical basis is lacking, and the description is more general, so that the difference is large when different medical institutions or nursing staff execute the method, and the training effect of patients is uneven. In a third aspect, safety monitoring is absent and nasal ventilation is partially or fully mimicked during the performance of nasal ventilation training, potentially causing changes in blood oxygen levels in patients, particularly for patients with concomitant underlying respiratory disease. The existing training process is not incorporated into any vital sign monitoring measure