CN-122006345-A - Separating device for water or organic liquid in solid waste

CN122006345ACN 122006345 ACN122006345 ACN 122006345ACN-122006345-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for separating water or organic liquid in solid waste, which relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment and comprises a solid-liquid separation system, a solid collecting system, a flash evaporation heating system, a gas organic solvent storage system, a condensation pressurizing system and a liquid organic solvent storage system; firstly, water or organic liquid in solid waste is extracted into liquid organic solvent through a solid-liquid separation system, solid-liquid separation is carried out to form solid materials and liquid materials, then, gaseous low-boiling-point organic solvent in the solid-liquid separation system is effectively collected through a gaseous organic solvent storage system, and the gaseous low-boiling-point organic solvent released by the extracted solid materials in the solid collection system in the storage process is liquefied through a condensing and pressurizing system to form the liquid organic solvent, and the liquid organic solvent enters the liquid organic solvent storage system for recycling, so that the recycling efficiency of the low-boiling-point organic solvent is remarkably improved.

Inventors

SHAO FENG
GAO XINGANG
XIA YI
LIU YUN

Assignees

中冶生态环保集团(滁州)研究院有限公司
中冶生态环保集团有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260319

Claims (10)

1. The device for separating water or organic liquid in solid waste is characterized by comprising a solid-liquid separation system, a solid collecting system, a flash evaporation heating system, a gas organic solvent storage system, a condensation pressurizing system and a liquid organic solvent storage system, wherein the solid-liquid separation system is provided with a solid waste inlet, a liquid organic solvent inlet, a solid material outlet, a gas inlet and a liquid material outlet; The liquid organic solvent inlet of the solid-liquid separation system is communicated with the liquid organic solvent storage system, and the solid-liquid separation system is used for mixing the solid waste with the liquid organic solvent so as to extract water or organic liquid in the solid waste into the liquid organic solvent and perform solid-liquid separation to form a solid material and a liquid material; The solid material outlet and the gas inlet and outlet of the solid-liquid separation system are both communicated with the solid material inlet of the solid collecting system, and the gas organic solvent outlet of the solid collecting system is communicated with the gas organic solvent storage system; The liquid material outlet of the solid-liquid separation system is sequentially communicated with the flash evaporation heating system, the gas organic solvent storage system, the condensation pressurizing system and the liquid organic solvent storage system, wherein the flash evaporation heating system is used for gasifying liquid materials to form gas organic solvents, and the condensation pressurizing system is used for liquefying the gas organic solvents to form liquid organic solvents.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus further comprises a feed system, a feed port of the feed system is used for feeding solid waste, and a discharge port of the feed system is communicated with a solid waste inlet of the solid-liquid separation system; The feeding system is connected with a first vacuumizing mechanism, and the first vacuumizing mechanism can vacuumize the feeding system; the solid collecting system is connected with a second vacuumizing mechanism, and the second vacuumizing mechanism can vacuumize the solid collecting system and the solid-liquid separation system.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the first vacuum pump comprises a first vacuum pump and a first dust collector, and an air inlet end of the first vacuum pump is communicated with the feeding system through the first dust collector.
4. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the second vacuum pump is configured to pump water from the solid waste and the second dust collector is configured to pump water from the solid waste.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the gaseous organic solvent outlet of the solid collection system is in communication with the gaseous organic solvent storage system via a third vacuum mechanism.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the third vacuum pump and the third dust collector are connected in sequence, and the gas organic solvent outlet of the solid collecting system is connected with the gas organic solvent storage system through the third dust collector and the third vacuum pump.
7. The device for separating water or organic liquid from solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the solid-liquid separation system is further provided with a backwash gas inlet, and the backwash gas inlet and the gas outlet of the solid-liquid separation system are both communicated with the gaseous organic solvent storage system through a backwash gas pipeline.
8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the liquid material outlet of the solid-liquid separation system is further in communication with the liquid organic solvent storage system via a backwash liquid line.
9. The device for separating water or organic liquid from solid waste according to claim 7, wherein the solid-liquid separation system comprises a reaction vessel, wherein a filter layer is arranged in the reaction vessel, and the filter layer can divide a cavity of the reaction vessel into an upper cavity and a lower cavity; the upper part of the reaction container is provided with the solid waste inlet, the liquid organic solvent inlet and the gas inlet and outlet, and the solid waste inlet, the liquid organic solvent inlet and the gas inlet and outlet are communicated with the upper cavity of the reaction container; the upper cavity of the reaction container is internally provided with a stirring and crushing device, the stirring and crushing device is used for stirring and crushing the solid waste so as to mix the solid waste with the liquid organic solvent, and the filtering layer is used for separating the mixed solid waste and the liquid organic solvent; The bottom of the filter layer is connected with the solid material outlet through a solid discharging pipeline, and the liquid material outlet and the backwashing gas inlet are both communicated with the lower cavity of the reaction container; A back flushing gas distribution device is further arranged in the lower cavity of the reaction container, and the gas inlet end of the back flushing gas distribution device is communicated with the back flushing gas inlet.
10. The device for separating water or organic liquid from solid waste according to claim 9, wherein a backwash liquid inlet and a backwash liquid outlet are further arranged at the upper part of the reaction vessel, the backwash liquid inlet and the backwash liquid outlet are communicated with the upper cavity of the reaction vessel, and the backwash liquid inlet and the backwash liquid outlet are connected with a backwash liquid collecting tank through a parallel pipeline; the parallel pipeline comprises a first branch and a second branch, wherein the first branch is used for leading the liquid organic solvent in the upper cavity of the reaction container into the backwash liquid collecting tank, and the second branch is used for leading the liquid organic solvent in the backwash liquid collecting tank into the upper cavity of the reaction container.

Description

Separating device for water or organic liquid in solid waste Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, in particular to a device for separating water or organic liquid in solid waste. Background Under the condition of normal temperature and pressure, the solid waste containing water or organic liquid is fully contacted with low-boiling point weak-polarity or low-boiling point nonpolar organic solvent liquid, the water or organic liquid in the solid waste is extracted into liquid phase, after solid-liquid separation, the liquid phase is gasified by decompressing or heating, and the organic solvent with low boiling point and low latent heat and the water or organic liquid can be easily separated, so that the recovered water, organic liquid and solid waste can be further utilized or treated. For example, the mineral oil can be recovered after the mineral oil-containing sludge is subjected to solvent extraction, the water content of the sludge can be remarkably reduced after the municipal sludge is subjected to solvent extraction, and the medium with the organic solvent adsorbed by filtration can be regenerated after the solvent extraction. The process has the advantages of no consumption of a large amount of energy sources, recycling of useful components in the solid waste, recycling of solvents, and small secondary environmental pollution, and can achieve the aims of energy conservation and recycling of the solid waste. The prior solid waste treatment device, such as the Chinese patent document with the publication number of CN111943464A, discloses a treatment system for oil sand in sludge, waste residue or natural oil mine which is polluted deeply by oil and water throughout the year, comprising an extraction reaction kettle, a gas-liquid separator, a dryer, a compression condenser and a solvent storage tank which are connected in sequence, wherein although the system can extract oil substances in tank bottom oil sludge, oil-containing sludge and sludge, soil, sandy soil and the like which are polluted deeply by oil throughout the year, the system is operated without mainly recovering the residual low-boiling organic solvent in the extraction reaction kettle and the solid waste product, and the residual organic solvent can enter the external atmosphere along with the solid waste product discharge system, thereby causing solvent waste, environmental secondary pollution and potential safety hazard. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a device for separating water or organic liquid in solid waste, which solves the problems in the prior art and realizes the efficient recovery of low-boiling-point organic solvents. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions: The invention provides a water or organic liquid separation device for solid waste, which comprises a solid-liquid separation system, a solid collecting system, a flash evaporation heating system, a gas organic solvent storage system, a condensation pressurizing system and a liquid organic solvent storage system, wherein the solid-liquid separation system is provided with a solid waste inlet, a liquid organic solvent inlet, a solid material outlet, a gas inlet and a liquid material outlet; The liquid organic solvent inlet of the solid-liquid separation system is communicated with the liquid organic solvent storage system, and the solid-liquid separation system is used for mixing the solid waste with the liquid organic solvent so as to extract water or organic liquid in the solid waste into the liquid organic solvent and perform solid-liquid separation to form a solid material and a liquid material; The solid material outlet and the gas inlet and outlet of the solid-liquid separation system are both communicated with the solid material inlet of the solid collecting system, and the gas organic solvent outlet of the solid collecting system is communicated with the gas organic solvent storage system; The liquid material outlet of the solid-liquid separation system is sequentially communicated with the flash evaporation heating system, the gas organic solvent storage system, the condensation pressurizing system and the liquid organic solvent storage system, wherein the flash evaporation heating system is used for gasifying liquid materials to form gas organic solvents, and the condensation pressurizing system is used for liquefying the gas organic solvents to form liquid organic solvents. Preferably, the water or organic liquid separation device in the solid waste further comprises a feeding system, wherein a feed inlet of the feeding system is used for feeding the solid waste, and a discharge outlet of the feeding system is communicated with a solid waste inlet of the solid-liquid separation system; The feeding system is connected with a first vacuumizing mechanism, and the first vacuumizing mechanism can vacuumize the feeding system; the solid collect