CN-122006458-A - Absorption method of acid gas and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of gas separation, and particularly discloses an acidic gas-containing absorption method and application thereof. The absorption method comprises the steps of contacting the gas to be treated containing acidic gas with alkali liquor in an absorption tower, and designing the diameter of the absorption tower and the height of a filler according to the number and the connection mode of the absorption tower and the air inflow of the gas to be treated. The diameter and the packing height of the absorption tower designed by the technical method can realize the efficient absorption of the acid gas in the actual production process. The absorption method is particularly suitable for removing hydrogen sulfide in oil and gas fields.

Inventors

• MA MING
• WU WEILIN
• DOU YUANYUAN
• WANG ZHIMING
• YANG FAN
• JIANG GUIYING

Assignees

• 中国石油化工股份有限公司
• 中国石油化工股份有限公司江苏油田分公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20241112

Claims (10)

1. 1. The method for absorbing the acid gas is characterized by comprising the steps of contacting the gas to be treated containing the acid gas with alkali liquor in an absorption tower, and designing the absorption tower according to the number and the connection mode of the absorption tower and the air inflow of the gas to be treated, wherein the design meets the following requirements: Q is a value corresponding to the air inflow of the gas to be treated with m 3 /D as a unit, D is the diameter of the absorption tower with m as a unit, H is the filler height of the absorption tower with m as a unit, and k has a value of 1.1-1.3; the diameter D and the packing height H of the absorption tower satisfy the following conditions: D= (m+n×q) ×k, M is 0.1-0.4, N is 0.00005-0.0001; H= (a+b Q) k, a is 2-6;b and 0.0002-0.0008.
2. 2. The absorption method according to claim 1, wherein, The absorption tower is in a single tower mode, and the diameter and the packing height of the absorption tower are satisfied that D= (0.36+0.0000893Q) k, H= (5.19+0.000608Q) k, and/or The absorber columns are in a two-column series mode, the diameter and the packing height of each absorber column being such that D= (0.31+0.0000754 x Q) k; H= (3.9+0.000554 x Q) k; preferably the acid gas-containing gas to be treated is fed with the lye from the first column, and/or The absorber columns are in a two column parallel mode, the diameter and packing height of each column being such that d= (0.33+0.0000921 q) k; h= (2.51+0.000617 q) k; preferably the ratio of the throughput of the first column to the throughput of the second column is from 0.1 to 10:1, more preferably the throughput of the first column is the same as the throughput of the second column, and/or The columns are in a three-column series mode, the diameter and the packing height of each column being such that D= (0.23+0.0000573. Q.) k; H= (2.84+0.000454. Q.) k; preferably the acid gas-containing gas to be treated is fed with the lye from the first column, and/or The absorber is in a four-tower mode, wherein two towers are connected in series to form a group and then are connected in parallel, the diameter and the packing height of each absorber respectively meet the conditions of D= (0.17+0.0000372X Q) X k, H= (2.046+0.000291X Q) X k, the treatment capacity ratio of each parallel unit is preferably 0.1-10:1, each parallel unit is fed from the first tower, and more preferably the treatment capacity of each parallel unit is the same.
3. 3. The absorption process according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the liquid-to-gas ratio of the lye to the gas to be treated is 18-28, preferably 19-23.
4. 4. An absorption process according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, Q is 1000-10000m 3 /d, and/or The concentration of the acid gas in the gas to be treated is 500-8000ppm, preferably 3000-5000ppm.
5. 5. The absorption process according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the acid gas is selected from one or more of hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, hydrogen chloride, preferably hydrogen sulfide.
6. 6. The absorption method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The alkali liquor is selected from inorganic alkali liquor; Preferably, the inorganic base is selected from one or more of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium hydroxide; And/or The concentration of the alkali liquor is 10-15mg/L; And/or The circulation amount of the alkali liquor is 20-80m 3 /d.
7. 7. The absorption method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, Each absorption tower is provided with a plurality of layers of absorption filling chambers, each layer of filling chamber is provided with a thermometer and a gas sampling port, and/or After absorption in the absorption column, the acid gas concentration in the exhaust gas is 0 to 20ppm, preferably 0 to 5ppm.
8. 8. The absorption method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, The packing of each absorption tower is one or more of plastic pall ring packing, plastic polyhedral hollow sphere packing and stainless steel theta ring packing, and/or The porosity of the filler is 0.85-0.97.
9. 9. The absorption process according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the operating conditions of each of the absorption columns comprise: The flow rate of the inlet gas is 1000-10000m 3 /d, and/or The temperature of the inlet gas is 25-50℃, and/or The pressure of the inlet gas is 0.04-0.5MPa.
10. 10. Use of an absorption process according to any one of claims 1-9 for the removal of hydrogen sulphide in an oil and gas field.

Description

Absorption method of acid gas and application thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of gas separation, in particular to an acidic gas-containing absorption method and application thereof. Background The domestic partial oilfield associated gas and gas field produced gas are accompanied by a large amount of toxic hydrogen sulfide gas, so that the production equipment is severely corroded, and the personal safety of workers is greatly compromised. With strict requirements for safe production and environmental protection, strict regulations concerning the content of hydrogen sulfide in natural gas and places related to hydrogen sulfide are adopted, so that natural gas desulfurization is an indispensable process for natural gas exploitation production. The common natural gas desulfurization method in the petroleum industry mainly adopts a complex iron method, an alcohol amine method, an iron oxide method and other chemical absorption methods, and has the problems of complex process, high operation and maintenance cost, non-regenerability of desulfurizing agents and the like. The biological desulfurization method using the alkaline solution as the hydrogen sulfide absorption liquid has better application prospect in the petroleum industry. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide an acid gas-containing absorption method which can effectively calculate key design parameters of an acid gas absorption device, has the characteristics of high efficiency, safety, stability, low cost and the like, and is particularly suitable for removing hydrogen sulfide in oil and gas fields. According to a first aspect of the invention, the invention provides an acid gas-containing absorption method, which comprises the steps of contacting acid gas-containing to-be-treated gas with alkali liquor in an absorption tower, designing the absorption tower according to the number and connection mode of the absorption tower and the air inflow of the to-be-treated gas, wherein Q is a value corresponding to the air inflow of the to-be-treated gas in the unit of M 3/D, D is the diameter of the absorption tower, H is the packing height of the absorption tower, M is the value of M, k is 1.1-1.3, the diameter D and the packing height H of the absorption tower are satisfied that D= (M+N+Q) k, M is 0.1-0.4, N is 0.00005-0.0001, H= (a+b+Q) k, and a is 2-6;b and 0.0002-0.0008. According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided the use of the absorption process of the present invention in the removal of hydrogen sulphide from an oil and gas field. According to the technical scheme, according to the condition of high-content hydrogen sulfide associated gas in Jiangsu oilfield, the technical method provided by the invention is applied to design the size of the hydrogen sulfide absorption tower and the height of the filler of part of sites, and the hydrogen sulfide is efficiently absorbed in the actual production process, so that the concentration of the hydrogen sulfide in the outlet gas is lower than 20ppm, and the optimal concentration can be lower than 5ppm. Drawings Fig. 1 is an absorbent system according to one embodiment of the present invention. Description of the reference numerals 1-Gas storage tank, 2-gas mixing tank with temperature control unit, 3-air compressor, 4-precise gas flowmeter, 5-precise pressure gauge, 6-rich liquid tank, 7-absorption tower, 8-drying column, 9-acid gas analyzer, 10-thermometer, 11-differential pressure meter, 12-alkali liquid tank, 13-metering pump Detailed Description The endpoints and any values of the ranges disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and are understood to encompass values approaching those ranges or values. For numerical ranges, one or more new numerical ranges may be found between the endpoints of each range, between the endpoint of each range and the individual point value, and between the individual point value, in combination with each other, and are to be considered as specifically disclosed herein. The invention provides an acid gas-containing absorption method, which comprises the steps of enabling acid gas-containing to-be-treated gas to be in contact with alkali liquor in an absorption tower, designing the absorption tower according to the number and connection mode of the absorption tower and the air inflow of the to-be-treated gas, wherein Q is a value corresponding to the air inflow of the to-be-treated gas in the unit of M 3/D, D is the diameter of the absorption tower, H is the packing height of the absorption tower, the unit of M is the value of k is 1.1-1.3, the diameter D and the packing height H of the absorption tower are respectively D= (M+N+Q) k, M is 0.1-0.4, N is 0.00005-0.0001, H= (a+b+Q) k, and a is 2-6;b and 0.0002-0.0008. In the invention, the design of D and H is carried out according to the total gas quantity Q to be treated, and the optimization design can be carried out according