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CN-122006508-A - Preparation of super-amphiphilic coal-based fiber membrane and application of super-amphiphilic coal-based fiber membrane in air purification

CN122006508ACN 122006508 ACN122006508 ACN 122006508ACN-122006508-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of coal-based fiber membranes, and discloses preparation of a super-amphiphilic coal-based fiber membrane and application of the super-amphiphilic coal-based fiber membrane in air purification. The preparation method comprises the steps of dissolving polyacrylonitrile and oxidized coal in N, N-dimethylformamide to obtain spinning solution A, dissolving polyacrylonitrile and candle ash nanoparticles in N, N-dimethylformamide to obtain spinning solution B, carrying out electrostatic spinning on the spinning solution A and the spinning solution B through a conjugated electrostatic spinning device to obtain fiber precursors, and then carrying out pre-oxidation. According to the invention, a synchronous opposite spraying mode is adopted, and simultaneously submicron coal-based fibers and nanometer polyacrylonitrile superfine fibers modified by the candle ash nanoparticles are electrospun, so that the super-amphiphilic coal-based fiber membrane is prepared, and the composition of the fiber membrane and the regulation and control of the pore channel structure are realized by adjusting the volumes of the two spinning solutions.

Inventors

  • Feng Shizhan
  • MA JIE
  • LIU HONGMEI
  • YANG XUE
  • GUO JUNTING
  • WU YUXUAN
  • Sun Junze

Assignees

  • 喀什大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260416

Claims (9)

  1. 1. The preparation method of the super-amphiphilic coal-based fiber membrane is characterized by comprising the following steps of: dissolving polyacrylonitrile and oxidized coal in N, N-dimethylformamide to obtain spinning solution A; Dissolving polyacrylonitrile and candle ash nano particles in N, N-dimethylformamide to obtain spinning solution B; respectively placing the spinning solution A and the spinning solution B in opposite micro-propellers, and simultaneously carrying out electrostatic spinning on the spinning solution A and the spinning solution B through a conjugated electrostatic spinning device to obtain fiber precursors; and (3) pre-oxidizing the fiber precursor to obtain the super-amphiphilic coal-based fiber membrane.
  2. 2. The method for preparing the super-amphiphilic coal-based fiber membrane according to claim 1, wherein the dosage ratio of polyacrylonitrile, oxidized coal and N, N-dimethylformamide in the spinning solution A is 1 g:1~1.5 g:10 mL.
  3. 3. The method for preparing the super-amphiphilic coal-based fiber membrane according to claim 1, wherein the dosage ratio of polyacrylonitrile to candle ash nanoparticles to N, N-dimethylformamide in the spinning solution B is 0.6 g:0.1~0.5 g:10 mL.
  4. 4. The method for preparing the super-amphiphilic coal-based fiber membrane according to claim 1, wherein the weight average molecular weight of polyacrylonitrile in the spinning solution A and the spinning solution B is 150000.
  5. 5. The preparation method of the super-amphiphilic coal-based fiber membrane according to claim 1, wherein the condition of electrostatic spinning is that the temperature is 30-40 ℃, the humidity is 10-20%, the receiving distance is 15-20 cm, and the voltage is-3.5 to +14 kV.
  6. 6. The preparation method of the super-amphiphilic coal-based fiber membrane according to claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of the spinning solution A to the spinning solution B is 1-2:1-4.
  7. 7. The preparation method of the super-amphiphilic coal-based fiber membrane according to claim 1, wherein the pre-oxidation temperature is 300-320 ℃, and the pre-oxidation time is 1-3 hours.
  8. 8. The super-amphiphilic coal-based fiber membrane prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-7.
  9. 9. Use of a super-amphiphilic coal-based fiber membrane produced by the production method of any one of claims 1 to 7 or the super-amphiphilic coal-based fiber membrane of claim 8 in air purification.

Description

Preparation of super-amphiphilic coal-based fiber membrane and application of super-amphiphilic coal-based fiber membrane in air purification Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of coal-based fiber membranes, in particular to preparation of a super-amphiphilic coal-based fiber membrane and application of the super-amphiphilic coal-based fiber membrane in air purification. Background Airborne Particulate (PMs) pollution is a serious threat to human health. In response to this problem, conventional separation/filtration materials such as porous carbon, sponge, melt blown fiber, glass fiber, etc., have limited separation effect on smoke particles due to large pore size. Compared with the traditional fiber, the electrospinning fiber has the advantages of three-dimensional intercommunication pore canal structure, high porosity, controllable structural components, easiness in functional modification and the like, and is very beneficial to the filtration of smoke particles. However, the practical application environment is quite complex, and the fiber membrane with single function and structure cannot meet the practical application requirement, so that the construction of unique fiber structure and pore canal characteristics is a necessary requirement for obtaining the high-performance filter fiber membrane. Currently, there are many electrospun membranes as filter materials for efficient air purification. Li et al （Li Y. J., Yuan D., Geng Q., et al. MOF-embedded bifunctional composite nanofiber membranes with a tunable hierarchical structure for high-efficiency PM(0.3) purification and oil/water separation[J]. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2021, 13(33): 39831-39843.） report a layered composite nanomembrane (PES@ZIF8-PSA/PES) consisting of ZIF-8@polyethersulfone fibers (ZIF-8@PES) and polysulfonamide/polyethersulfone fibers (PSA/PES) and was used for efficient oil-water separation and air filtration. The super-hydrophobic oil-water emulsion has good separation performance in the separation of an oil-water mixture and an oil-water emulsion. In addition, because the fiber membrane has the characteristics of multicomponent and layered structure, the filtering efficiency of fine smoke particles (especially PM 0.3) is as high as 99.98 percent, and the separation performance is basically unchanged after 24 times of filtering. Similarly, geng et al （Geng Q., Dong S. J., Li Y. J., et al. High-performance photoinduced antimicrobial membrane toward efficient PM2.5-0.3 capture and oil-water separation[J]. Separation and Purification Technology, 2022, 284: 120267-120280.） successfully embeds ZIF-8 into PVDF fibers by means of electrospinning, thereby obtaining a superhydrophobic composite fiber membrane having filtration/separation properties. Chen et al （Chen M., Cheng X. H., Li J. W., et al. Bifunctional polyimide/ZIF-8 composite nanofibrous membranes with controllable bilayer structure for bioprotective application and high-efficiency oil/water separation[J]. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2023, 11(5): 110913-110924.） deposited ZnO seeds onto the Polyimide (PI) surface (one side) using vacuum sputtering techniques, and then prepared the ZIF-8/PI bilayer composite fiber membrane hydrothermally. The fiber membrane has good superhydrophobicity, large porosity and proper pore size, so that the oil-water separation efficiency and the smoke particle removal rate are both higher than 99.6%. The fiber membrane has an excellent separation effect in air purification, however, the structural stability of the fiber membrane is not discussed, and the problems of large air pressure drop, strong hydrophobicity, low filtration efficiency, disposable use and the like of the membrane material with the existing filtration function generally exist, so that the application range of the fiber membrane is limited. In addition, the main problems of the filter materials of the commercially available mask are that the filter efficiency, the air permeability and the heat dissipation performance are difficult to be combined, compact materials are often required for pursuing high filter efficiency (especially for smoke particles), the breathing resistance is obviously increased, the heat dissipation performance is reduced, and the air permeability and comfort are pursued on one surface, so that the filter performance is not up to standard. Therefore, how to realize the pore structure regulation of the fiber membrane so as to meet the filtration requirement of smoke particles and improve wearing comfort has important significance for the commercial application of the filtration fiber membrane. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a super-amphiphilic coal-based fiber membrane and application of the super-amphiphilic coal-based fiber membrane in air purification, and solves the problems of the conventional filter fiber membrane. In order to achieve the above object, t