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CN-122006598-A - Vacuum insulation high-efficiency energy utilization device capable of simulating combustion film catalytic reversible reaction and optical surge coupling

CN122006598ACN 122006598 ACN122006598 ACN 122006598ACN-122006598-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a vacuum insulation high-efficiency energy utilization device capable of simulating combustion film catalytic reversible reaction and optical surge coupling, and belongs to the technical field of high-efficiency energy conversion. The device is of a concentric/coaxial nested totally-enclosed structure, a core film catalytic reversible reaction layer, a light surge driving layer, a primary vacuum heat insulation layer, a full energy recovery layer, a total reflection radiation shielding layer, a secondary vacuum sealing layer and a wavelength-adjustable light incidence window, an ion/product selective separation film and an energy output interface are arranged in sequence from inside to outside, the core film catalytic layer divides the traditional combustion into three-step reversible primitive reaction, the light surge driving layer realizes directional driving by photon excitation light-generated carriers and local photo-thermal, the double-layer vacuum heat insulation layer is matched with the high reflection shielding layer to realize heat conduction, convection and radiation triple loss blocking, and the full energy recovery layer reversely converts and refluxes micro leakage energy to realize energy closed loop. The invention breaks the Carnot cycle limit, the theoretical energy utilization efficiency reaches 100%, the engineering actual efficiency is more than or equal to 99.9%, the reaction is flame-free, zero pollutant is discharged, the energy output form is flexible, the structure is compact, the environmental adaptability is strong, the invention can be widely applied to the scenes of aerospace propulsion, aviation power, micro-nano energy chips, distributed power generation and the like, and has remarkable energy utilization value and industrial application prospect.

Inventors

  • XU JIANQIAO

Assignees

  • 随州职业技术学院
  • 许剑桥

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260324

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A vacuum heat insulation high energy utilization device capable of simulating combustion film catalytic reversible reaction and optical surging coupling is characterized in that the device is of a concentric/coaxial nested totally-enclosed structure from inside to outside, and sequentially comprises a core film catalytic reversible reaction layer, an optical surging driving layer, a primary vacuum heat insulation layer, a full energy recovery layer, a total reflection radiation shielding layer and a secondary vacuum sealing layer, wherein a wavelength adjustable light incident window, an ion/product selective separation film and an energy output interface are arranged in a matched mode, and the functional layers are used for realizing reaction reversibility, driving orientation, heat insulation full sealing and energy closed loop recovery in a coordinated mode.
  2. 2. The device of claim 1, wherein the core membrane catalytic reversible reaction layer adopts an MIEC mixed ion-electron conductor membrane as a substrate and carries a Pt-Pd/CeO 2 –ZrO 2 low-temperature reversible catalyst, and the traditional combustion one-step irreversible reaction is split into three-step reversible elementary reactions of adsorption activation, controllable oxidation and site regeneration, so that the primary in-situ separation of products is realized.
  3. 3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the photo-surge driving layer is made of a plasma photo-thermal material and a two-dimensional photocatalytic material in a combined mode, photon utilization rate is more than or equal to 99% by generating photo-generated carriers through photon excitation with specific wavelength and forming a photo-surge effect with local photo-thermal mode instead of a traditional hot start mode.
  4. 4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the primary vacuum heat insulation layer and the secondary vacuum sealing layer form a double-layer vacuum heat insulation system, the vacuum degree is respectively less than or equal to 10- 6 Pa、≤10⁻ 5 Pa, the heat conduction and heat convection losses are eliminated, and the heat loss of the system is less than 0.05%.
  5. 5. The device of claim 1, wherein the total reflection radiation shielding layer is a high-reflectivity metal composite film, the reflectivity is more than or equal to 99.99%, and photons which are not absorbed and are emitted by infrared heat are totally reflected back into the device, so that the internal circulation of photo-thermal energy is realized.
  6. 6. The device according to claim 1, wherein the full energy recovery layer is made of reversible catalytic material and waste heat-chemical energy conversion module, full capture of micro leakage energy in the system is carried out, the micro leakage energy is converted into reactant chemical energy through reverse reversible reaction and flows back to the core membrane catalytic reversible reaction layer, and 100% closed loop recovery of energy is achieved.
  7. 7. The device of claim 1, wherein the wavelength tunable optical incidence window is made of quartz with high light transmittance, the light transmittance is more than or equal to 99%, the directional incidence of light with the wavelength of 300-700nm can be realized, the wavelength requirement of the light surge driving layer is matched, and the ion/product selective separation membrane realizes directional conduction of reactive ions, accurate input of reactants and 100% selective output of products.
  8. 8. The device of claim 1, wherein the energy output interface is one or more of an electrical output, a thermal output, and a mechanical power output, and is configured to direct the converted energy within the device to an external output.
  9. 9. The device according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the theoretical energy utilization efficiency of the device reaches 100%, the engineering actual efficiency is more than or equal to 99.9%, and the reaction process is flame-free, high-temperature impact-free and pollutant-free.
  10. 10. The device according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the device is suitable for space propulsion, aviation power, micro-nano energy chips, distributed generation scenes, and can adapt to complex working environments such as extreme temperature differences, deep sea, vacuum and the like.

Description

Vacuum insulation high-efficiency energy utilization device capable of simulating combustion film catalytic reversible reaction and optical surge coupling Technical Field The invention relates to the crossing fields of high-efficiency energy conversion, film catalytic reaction engineering, photo-thermal photocatalysis cooperation and vacuum heat insulation technology, in particular to a near zero-loss high-energy utilization device with a combustion process imitating film catalytic reversible reaction and coupling of a light surging mechanism and a multistage vacuum heat insulation structure, which can be applied to the scenes of aerospace propulsion, aviation power, micro-nano energy chips, distributed power generation and the like. Background The low energy conversion efficiency is a core pain point in the current energy field, the traditional combustion process is a one-step irreversible exothermic reaction, and the problems of high entropy production, serious heat conduction/convection/radiation loss, difficult breakthrough of 60% due to the limitation of the Kano cycle on the energy utilization rate and the defects of high-temperature impact of flame, pollutant emission, high noise and the like exist. The existing membrane catalytic reactor, the photocatalytic energy conversion device and the vacuum heat insulation equipment are all of independent structural designs, and the high integration of reaction reversibility, light driving directional surging, full-closed multistage heat insulation and residual energy closed loop recovery is not realized; the vacuum heat insulation equipment is only used as a heat insulation component, is not designed in a synergistic way with the catalytic reaction system, so that the whole energy conversion process still has obvious energy loss, and the energy utilization efficiency of nearly 100% is difficult to realize. At present, the research and development of near-zero-loss energy conversion devices in the global energy field is in a front-edge exploration stage, lacks mature and systematic device structures and realization methods, and cannot meet the actual requirements of the fields of aerospace, aviation, high-end manufacturing and the like on ultra-high-efficiency energy conversion. Therefore, the development of the coupling device integrating the combustion-imitating reversible reaction, the optical surge driving, the multistage vacuum heat insulation and the full energy recovery becomes a key direction for breaking through the limit of energy conversion efficiency. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects of the existing energy conversion device, the invention provides the vacuum heat insulation high energy utilization device which is used for coupling the simulated combustion film catalytic reversible reaction and the optical surge, and through the high integration of multiple structures and multiple mechanisms, the lossless directional conversion of fuel chemical energy to heat energy, electric energy, mechanical energy and other forms is realized, the Carnot cycle limit is broken, the theoretical energy utilization efficiency of the device reaches 100%, the engineering actual efficiency is more than or equal to 99.9%, the reaction is realized without flame, high temperature impact, zero pollutant emission and whole course controllability, the stability and the environmental adaptability of the device are improved, and the ultrahigh-efficiency energy requirements in the fields of aerospace, aviation, micro-nano energy and the like are met. Technical proposal A vacuum heat insulation high energy utilization device capable of simulating combustion film catalytic reversible reaction and optical surging coupling is characterized in that the device is of a concentric/coaxial nested totally-enclosed structure from inside to outside, and sequentially comprises a core film catalytic reversible reaction layer, an optical surging driving layer, a primary vacuum heat insulation layer, a full energy recovery layer, a total reflection radiation shielding layer and a secondary vacuum sealing layer, wherein a wavelength adjustable light incident window, an ion/product selective separation film and an energy output interface are arranged in a matched mode, and the function layers are cooperated to realize reaction reversibility, driving orientation, heat insulation totally-enclosed and energy closed loop recovery. The core film catalysis reversible reaction layer is an energy conversion core of the device, adopts a double-function MIEC mixed ion-electron conductor film as a substrate and loads Pt-Pd/CeO 2–ZrO2 as a low-temperature reversible catalyst, and the traditional combustion one-step irreversible reaction is split into three-step reversible elementary reactions of adsorption activation, controllable oxidation and site regeneration, so that free radical explosion and flame generation are avoided, the directional catalysis reaction of fuel and oxygen is realized, th