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CN-122006599-A - Isothermal fixed bed reactor

CN122006599ACN 122006599 ACN122006599 ACN 122006599ACN-122006599-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of petrochemical equipment and discloses an isothermal fixed bed reactor, which comprises a reaction tube (5) used for containing fillers and thermocouples, wherein a reaction feed tube (6) is arranged on the side surface of the top end of the reaction tube (5) and a reaction discharge tube (16) is arranged on the side surface of the bottom end of the reaction tube, a heating cylinder (13) is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the reaction tube (5) and is provided with an annular hollow heating cavity (14) with the heating cylinder (13), the heating cavity (14) is used for filling molten salt, a heating rod (12) is arranged in the heating cavity (14) and is used for heating the molten salt, at least one stirring inert gas tube (10) is arranged in the heating cavity (14), and a plurality of air outlet holes (15) are formed in the tube wall of the stirring inert gas tube (10) and are used for outputting inert gas to promote the molten salt to flow so as to accelerate heat exchange.

Inventors

  • HUANG KEWANG
  • YANG JUN
  • LI XIAOJING
  • Di Qinglin
  • TIAN MAOYIN
  • Hai Xiaoxiang
  • MAO YUPENG
  • Kang Huitao
  • DAI TIEJUN

Assignees

  • 国家能源集团宁夏煤业有限责任公司
  • 国家能源集团宁夏煤业有限责任公司煤炭化学工业技术研究院

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260209

Claims (15)

  1. 1. An isothermal fixed bed reactor, comprising: The reaction tube (5) is used for accommodating the filler and the thermocouple, a reaction feed tube (6) is arranged on the side surface of the top end of the reaction tube (5), and a reaction discharge tube (16) is arranged on the side surface of the bottom end of the reaction tube; The heating cylinder body (13), the heating cylinder body (13) is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the reaction tube (5) and forms an annular hollow heating cavity (14) with the reaction tube, and the heating cavity (14) is used for filling molten salt; A heating rod (12), at least one heating rod (12) is arranged in the heating cavity (14) and is used for heating molten salt; The stirring inert gas pipe (10), be provided with at least one in the heating chamber (14) stirring inert gas pipe (10), a plurality of ventholes (15) have been seted up on the pipe wall of stirring inert gas pipe (10) for export inert gas and impel the fused salt to flow in order to accelerate heat exchange.
  2. 2. Isothermal fixed bed reactor according to claim 1, further comprising an upper support frame (3) inserted downwards from the top end of the reaction tube (5), wherein the top end of the upper support frame (3) is fastened to the top end of the reaction tube (5) by an upper compression nut (1), and an upper support disc (4) is fixed to the bottom end of the upper support frame (3).
  3. 3. Isothermal fixed bed reactor according to claim 2, further comprising a lower support frame (18) inserted upwards from the bottom end of the reaction tube (5), wherein the bottom end of the lower support frame (18) is fastened to the bottom end of the reaction tube (5) by a lower compression nut (19), and a lower support disc (17) is fixed to the top end of the lower support frame (18).
  4. 4. Isothermal fixed bed reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that the upper support plate (4) is provided with a plurality of through holes arranged in an annular array and/or the lower support plate (17) is provided with a plurality of through holes arranged in an annular array.
  5. 5. An isothermal fixed bed reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that the outer side wall of the upper compression nut (1) is provided with heat radiating fins (21) and/or the outer side wall of the lower compression nut (19) is provided with heat radiating fins (21).
  6. 6. Isothermal fixed bed reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that the top end of the upper support frame (3) is provided with a flange and the connection with the top end of the reaction tube (5) is provided with a first sealing ring (2) and/or the bottom end of the lower support frame (18) is provided with a flange and the connection with the bottom end of the reaction tube (5) is provided with a second sealing ring (20).
  7. 7. Isothermal fixed bed reactor according to claim 1, further comprising an inert gas inlet pipe (9) and an inert gas outlet pipe (11) inserted from the top end of the heating chamber (14) to the bottom end thereof, the bottom end of the inert gas inlet pipe (9) being in communication with the bottom end of the inert gas outlet pipe (11).
  8. 8. Isothermal fixed bed reactor according to claim 7, characterized in that the inert gas inlet pipes (9) and the inert gas outlet pipes (11) are in a plurality of groups, the groups of inert gas inlet pipes (9) and inert gas outlet pipes (11) being distributed in an annular equally spaced array around the axis of the heating chamber (14).
  9. 9. Isothermal fixed bed reactor according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the reaction tube (5) is arranged coaxially with the heating cylinder (13).
  10. 10. Isothermal fixed bed reactor according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the heating rods (12) extend in the length direction of the heating chamber (14), the heating rods (12) being a plurality, of the heating rods (12) being distributed in an annular equally spaced array around the axis of the heating chamber (14).
  11. 11. Isothermal fixed bed reactor according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the stirring inert gas tubes (10) are a plurality, a plurality of the stirring inert gas tubes (10) being distributed in an annular equally spaced array around the axis of the heating chamber (14).
  12. 12. Isothermal fixed bed reactor according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the top end of the heating cylinder (13) is provided with a detachably connected jacket flat cover (8).
  13. 13. Isothermal fixed bed reactor according to claim 12, characterized in that the jacket flat cover (8) is provided with pressure relief holes (7) for stirring inert gas discharge.
  14. 14. Isothermal fixed bed reactor according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the bottom end side of the heating cylinder (13) is provided with a molten salt discharge opening (22), the molten salt discharge opening (22) being fitted with an on-off valve.
  15. 15. The isothermal fixed bed reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the molten salt is one or a mixture of two or more of sodium chloride, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, potassium sulfate, halides of alkaline earth metals, nitrate, sulfate, and the inert gas is one or a mixture of two or more of nitrogen, helium, and argon.

Description

Isothermal fixed bed reactor Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of petrochemical equipment, in particular to an isothermal fixed bed reactor. Background The catalyst is an important catalyst in the chemical industry, and limits the production capacity to a certain extent. The performance of the catalyst is measured mainly by evaluating the comprehensive indexes of the activity, the selectivity and the service life of the catalyst through an evaluation device. Therefore, the reliability of the catalyst screening experiment is improved, the research and development efficiency of the catalyst is improved, and the development period of the catalyst is shortened. The fixed bed reactor is one of key equipment for petrochemical engineering scientific research experiments, has very wide application, comprises various catalyst evaluation and screening, and is applied to various different types of reactions. The operating pressure comprises normal pressure, medium pressure, high pressure reaction and the like, but the requirements of any reaction on the reaction temperature are very strict, and the temperature difference of the reaction section is usually required to be not more than 1 ℃. The electric heater is used as the main heat source of the reactor to heat the reaction tube to reach the required temperature. Most of the current reactors have heaters arranged on the periphery of the reactor wall, in front of the reactor and in the reaction tube, and the temperature in the reactor is directly or indirectly raised to the reaction materials through the heaters (heating belts, heating wires or heat conducting oil) according to the required temperature in the experimental process. The temperature rising mode is easy to cause local temperature to be too high or too low, is heated unevenly, directly influences the equilibrium of material reaction, indirectly influences the actual effectiveness of experimental data, and when the reaction is stopped, material returning and temperature reduction are carried out, the local temperature of the reactor is heated unevenly, so that the damage of local temperature flying, carbon deposition and the like of the catalyst is easy to be caused. Chinese patent application CN105457559a discloses a high pressure resistant reactor tube for fixed beds. The reaction tube is made of stainless steel or other metal materials. The upper end of the reaction tube is connected with a reducing adapter, which is convenient for connecting a metal tube with proper thickness, and then is connected with the lower end of the three-way adapter through the metal tube, the right end of the three-way adapter is connected with a reaction gas inlet, the upper end of the three-way adapter is fixed with a straight tube, the upper end of the straight tube is provided with an external thread structure for fixing a thermowell, and the thermowell sequentially passes through the three-way adapter and the reducing adapter at the upper end of the reaction tube through a port at the upper end of the three-way adapter and is inserted into a sample in the reaction tube. A metal liner tube with a certain length is arranged in the reaction tube, a layer of quartz cotton with a certain thickness is placed on the liner tube, and a catalyst sample is placed on the quartz cotton. The reaction tube has simple structure, convenient disassembly, easy replacement and high pressure and high temperature resistance, and can be widely applied to fixed bed reactors. Chinese patent No. CN207694759U discloses a reactor tube for a fixed bed reactor. Including transparent reaction tube body and cover establish at the outside transparent heat conduction cover of transparent reaction tube body, transparent heat conduction cover has the chamber of holding the conduction oil, and the lower extreme of transparent heat conduction cover is connected with into oil pipe, and the upper end of transparent heat conduction cover is connected with out oil pipe, installs detachable and along extending to holding the intracavity electric rod on the transparent heat conduction cover, and the upper portion of transparent reaction tube body has the feed inlet, and the lower part of transparent reaction tube body has the discharge gate, and transparent reaction tube body middle part has the neck that contracts, and the upper end intercommunication of transparent reaction tube body has the intake pipe. The utility model can monitor the reaction state of substances in the transparent reaction tube body in real time through the transparent reaction tube body and the transparent heat-conducting sleeve, and simultaneously adopts the transparent heat-conducting sleeve capable of continuously injecting heat-conducting oil to provide uniform heat for the transparent reaction tube body, thereby ensuring that the heat can be rapidly provided or the generated heat can be rapidly diffused in the reaction process. Chinese patent No. CN208474690U