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CN-122006602-A - Suspension bed reactor with even gas-liquid distribution structure

CN122006602ACN 122006602 ACN122006602 ACN 122006602ACN-122006602-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of reactors, in particular to a suspended bed reactor with a uniform gas-liquid distribution structure, which comprises a reaction kettle, wherein a gas-liquid inlet pipe is fixedly connected at the bottom of the reaction kettle in a penetrating way, a gas-liquid outlet pipe is fixedly connected at the top of the reaction kettle in a penetrating way, the flow field mode can be flexibly switched according to working conditions by an adjustable flow guide mechanism arranged in the reaction kettle, when the conventional high gas speed or raw material property is stable, a flow guide plate is adjusted to be in a vertical retraction state, the flow guide structure does not obstruct gas-liquid flow, at the moment, the flow channel is smooth, the pressure drop loss is small, the gas-liquid two-phase natural diffusion mixing is suitable for standard operation working conditions, when the heavy oil with low gas speed and high viscosity is treated, the flow guide structure is adjusted to be in a flow guide state, so that the flow guide plate is attached to the baffle plate, single-side jet flow at the edge is intercepted and folded to the central area, the flow guide structure is secondarily collided with the fluid of the adjacent nozzle, the radial difference between over-mixing at the center and under-mixing at the edge is effectively eliminated, the uniform distribution of gas-liquid with full cross section is realized, the partial coking is restrained, and the service life of the catalyst is prolonged.

Inventors

  • YUAN BAOYU
  • YAN GUANG

Assignees

  • 抚顺市龙凤化工厂

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260403

Claims (8)

  1. 1. The utility model provides a suspended bed reactor with even gas-liquid distribution structure, includes reation kettle (1), reation kettle (1) bottom runs through fixedly connected with gas-liquid feed tube (2), reation kettle (1) top runs through fixedly connected with gas-liquid exit tube (3), wherein reation kettle (1) inboard bottom fixedly connected with gas-liquid distribution dish (4), equidistant four venturi annular gas-liquid diffuser (5) of running through fixedly connected with on gas-liquid distribution dish (4), be equipped with in reation kettle (1) and be used for phase transition working medium circulation transfer reaction heat, level axial temperature gradient and selectively reinforce radial cooling's multistage temperature control system (6), gas-liquid distribution dish (4) top central point puts fixedly connected with fixed cylinder (7), four the outer wall of fixed cylinder (7) runs through and has seted up four rectangular channels, rectangular channel inboard all transversely sliding connection has rectangular frame (8), rectangular frame (8) both sides all run through and rotate and be connected with circle axle (9), circle axle (9) lateral wall all fixedly connected with guide plate (10), fixed cylinder (7) are equipped with guide plate (10) and are used for driving angle adjustment mechanism (10) to stretch out.
  2. 2. The suspended bed reactor with uniform gas-liquid distribution structure according to claim 1, wherein four baffles (11) are fixedly connected to the top end of the gas-liquid distribution plate (4) at equal intervals, the four baffles (11) are arranged beside the two Venturi annular gas-liquid diffusers (5), the baffles (11) are arranged below the multi-stage temperature control system (6), and the guide plates (10) are vertically arranged.
  3. 3. The suspended bed reactor with uniform gas-liquid distribution structure according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting motor (12), the adjusting motor (12) is fixedly connected to the inner side of a fixed cylinder (7), a rectangular cylinder (13) is fixedly connected to the middle part of the inner side of the rectangular cylinder, a disc (14) is rotationally connected to the top end of the fixed cylinder (7), the output end of the adjusting motor (12) penetrates through the top end of the fixed cylinder (7) and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the disc (14), four top grooves (15) are formed in the top end of the fixed cylinder (7), a push rod (16) inserted into the top grooves (15) is fixedly connected to the top end of the rectangular frame (8), an arc groove (17) is formed in the top end of the disc (14), a fixed block (18) is fixedly connected between the inner bottom end of the rectangular frame (8) and a round shaft (9), a rope (19) is wound on the outer wall of the round shaft (9), a main rope (20) is fixedly connected between one end of the rope (19), and the main rope (20) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the round shaft (13).
  4. 4. The suspended bed reactor with the uniform gas-liquid distribution structure according to claim 3, wherein the arc-shaped grooves (17) extend along the radial direction and are curved, the inner ends of the arc-shaped grooves (17) are close to the center of the circular disc (14), the outer ends of the arc-shaped grooves (17) are far away from the center of the circular disc (14), the top ends of the ejector rods (16) are inserted into the inner side of the arc-shaped grooves (17), the main ropes (20) are made of elastic ropes, and the other ends of the branch ropes (19) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the circular shaft (9).
  5. 5. The suspended bed reactor with uniform gas-liquid distribution structure according to claim 3, wherein three-quarter circular ring grooves (21) are formed in the side, close to the circular shaft (9), of the circular shaft, a pair of upper grooves (22) and a pair of lower grooves (23) are formed in the side wall of the fixed block (18) in a penetrating mode, L-shaped lower rods (25) are transversely and slidably connected to the inner sides of the lower grooves (23), the side ends of the lower rods (25) are inserted into the inner sides of the circular ring grooves (21), and electric telescopic cylinders (29) are fixedly connected to the top ends of the rectangular frames (8).
  6. 6. The suspended bed reactor with uniform gas-liquid distribution structure according to claim 5, wherein the inner sides of the upper grooves (22) are transversely and slidably connected with L-shaped upper rods (24), round rods (26) are fixedly connected to the side walls of the upper rods (24) and the lower rods (25), regulating plates (27) are arranged on the side walls of the fixed blocks (18), inclined planes (28) are arranged on the two sides of the regulating plates (27), the inclined planes (28) on the two sides of the regulating plates (27) are symmetrically arranged up and down, the regulating plates (27) are arranged between the upper grooves (22) and the lower grooves (23), and the output ends of the electric telescopic cylinders (29) penetrate through the inner sides of the rectangular frames (8) and are fixedly connected to the top ends of the regulating plates (27).
  7. 7. The suspended bed reactor with uniform gas-liquid distribution structure according to claim 6, wherein an upper spring (30) is fixedly connected between the inner side of the upper tank (22) and the side wall of the upper rod (24), and a lower spring (31) is fixedly connected between the inner side of the lower tank (23) and the side wall of the lower rod (25).
  8. 8. The suspended bed reactor with uniform gas-liquid distribution structure according to claim 5, wherein a spiral spring (32) is arranged between the circular shafts (9), the center end of the spiral spring (32) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the circular shaft (9), and the outer side of the spiral spring (32) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed block (18).

Description

Suspension bed reactor with even gas-liquid distribution structure Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of reactors, in particular to a suspended bed reactor with a uniform gas-liquid distribution structure. Background The suspension bed reactor is a core device for heavy oil hydrocracking process, is mainly used for treating inferior heavy oil and residual oil with high sulfur, high metal and high carbon residue, and is mainly composed of a reactor shell, a gas-liquid distribution plate, a plurality of oblique spray nozzles, a gas-liquid outlet and a cooling structure, when in operation, preheated heavy oil raw material and high-pressure hydrogen enter from the bottom of the reactor, are guided by the gas-liquid distribution plate, are obliquely sprayed upwards through a plurality of circumferentially arranged spray nozzles to form gas-liquid-solid three-phase mixed fluid, the catalyst particles flow from bottom to top in a suspension state under the drive of fluid, the hydrocracking reaction is completed under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure, the reacted gas-liquid mixture is discharged from the top, and light oil products are obtained through a separation system. In the prior art, a bottom multi-nozzle oblique injection design is adopted, after a gas-liquid mixture is sprayed out through a nozzle, each jet flow is intersected in a central area of a reactor to form a strong mixing area, an edge area close to the inner wall can only be naturally diffused by a single-side jet flow, and is difficult to fully mix with fluid in other areas, so that the inherent defects of over-mixing of the center and under-mixing of the edge are caused, and the inner wall of the reactor is lack of an adjustable flow guiding structure, so that active intervention and redistribution of a radial flow field cannot be carried out, and the problems of obvious difference of reaction depth in the section of the reactor, easy coking in a local area due to insufficient hydrogen supply, uneven catalyst wear degree and the like are caused due to uneven distribution, so that the long-period stable operation and raw material adaptability of the device are severely restricted. Therefore, a suspension bed reactor with a uniform gas-liquid distribution structure is proposed to solve the above problems. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the defects in the background art and provides a suspended bed reactor with a uniform gas-liquid distribution structure. In order to achieve the purpose, the suspended bed reactor with the uniform gas-liquid distribution structure comprises a reaction kettle, wherein a gas-liquid inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the reaction kettle in a penetrating manner, a gas-liquid outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the top end of the reaction kettle in a penetrating manner, a gas-liquid distribution plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner side of the reaction kettle, four Venturi annular gas-liquid diffusers are fixedly connected to the gas-liquid distribution plate in an equidistant penetrating manner, a multistage temperature control system for circularly transferring reaction heat of a phase-change working medium, leveling axial temperature gradient and selectively strengthening radial cooling is arranged in the reaction kettle, a fixing cylinder is fixedly connected to the central position of the top end of the gas-liquid distribution plate, four rectangular grooves are formed in the outer wall of the fixing cylinder in a penetrating manner, rectangular frames are transversely and slidingly connected to the inner sides of the rectangular grooves in a penetrating manner, a circular shaft is fixedly connected to the side wall of the circular shaft, and an adjusting mechanism for driving the rectangular frames to extend out and adjusting angles of the guide plates is arranged in the fixing cylinder. In the above technical scheme, further, four baffles are fixedly connected with the top end of the gas-liquid distribution plate at equal intervals, the four baffles are arranged at the side positions of the two Venturi annular gas-liquid diffusers, the baffles are arranged below the multi-stage temperature control system, and the guide plates are vertically arranged. In the above technical scheme, further, adjustment mechanism includes accommodate motor, accommodate motor fixed connection is inboard at fixed section of thick bamboo, the inboard middle part fixedly connected with rectangle section of thick bamboo of rectangle groove, fixed section of thick bamboo top rotates and is connected with the disc, accommodate motor's output passes fixed section of thick bamboo top fixed connection in the disc bottom, four roof grooves have been seted up on fixed section of thick bamboo top, rectangle frame top fixedly connected with peg graft the ejector pin in the roof groove, the arc wall has been seted up in the disc top penetration, posit