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CN-122006707-A - Noble metal platinum doped nano zinc oxide photocatalyst, preparation method and application

CN122006707ACN 122006707 ACN122006707 ACN 122006707ACN-122006707-A

Abstract

The invention provides a noble metal platinum doped nano zinc oxide photocatalyst, a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of catalyst synthesis. The method specifically comprises the steps of taking a natural biological material with a hierarchical porous structure as a soft template, carrying out pretreatment, freeze-drying to obtain a Zn 2+ loaded biological template, placing the template in a mixed solvent, carrying out microwave hydrothermal synthesis on the ZnO@biological template, centrifugally washing, preparing a doping liquid containing noble metal ions, dissolving the ZnO@biological template in the doping liquid containing the noble metal ions, irradiating under ultraviolet light, calcining in an air atmosphere, and immersing a product in a citric acid solution to obtain the catalyst. By adopting a natural biological template and combining a microwave-assisted hydrothermal and in-situ photochemical reduction technology, uniform doping of ultra-low noble metals (Pt, pd, au and the like) in the ZnO hierarchical porous structure is realized, and the morphology regulation and the construction of active sites of the material are synchronously completed.

Inventors

  • YU BAOKANG
  • HUANG XIN
  • HE JIANXIN
  • ZHOU YUHANG

Assignees

  • 中原工学院
  • 南京海关工业产品检测中心

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260203

Claims (9)

  1. 1. The preparation method of the noble metal platinum doped nano zinc oxide photocatalyst is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s1, taking a natural biological material with a hierarchical porous structure as a soft template for pretreatment, and obtaining a Zn 2+ -loaded biological template after freeze drying; s2, placing the template in a mixed solvent, performing microwave hydrothermal synthesis on the ZnO@biological template, and performing centrifugal washing; S3, preparing a doping liquid containing noble metal ions, dissolving the ZnO@biological template in the doping liquid containing noble metal ions, and irradiating under ultraviolet light; s4, calcining in an air atmosphere, and then immersing the product into a sodium citrate solution to obtain the catalyst.
  2. 2. The method for preparing the noble metal platinum doped nano zinc oxide photocatalyst according to claim 1, wherein the natural biological material with the hierarchical porous structure in S1 is any one of lotus pollen, rose pollen or calcium alginate microspheres.
  3. 3. The preparation method of the noble metal platinum doped nano zinc oxide photocatalyst according to claim 1, wherein the pretreatment of S1 specifically comprises the following steps of immersing the biological template in Zn (NO 3 ) 2 solution and carrying out ultrasonic oscillation.
  4. 4. The method for preparing the noble metal platinum doped nano zinc oxide photocatalyst according to claim 1, wherein the specific step of microwave hydrothermal in S2 comprises setting the power of microwaves at 400W-600W and heating at 150-170 ℃ for 25-35 min.
  5. 5. The method for preparing the noble metal platinum doped nano zinc oxide photocatalyst according to claim 1, wherein the doping solution containing noble metal ions in S3 is specifically prepared by dissolving chloroplatinic acid or chloroauric acid in ethylene glycol to prepare a solution with a concentration of 10 -5 -10 -4 M.
  6. 6. The method for preparing a noble metal platinum doped nano zinc oxide photocatalyst according to claim 1, wherein the calcination temperature in S4 is 250 ℃ to 350 ℃ for 2h to 3h; The concentration of the sodium citrate solution is 0.1M, and the product is treated for 0.5 to 1 hour at 55 to 65 ℃ after being immersed in the sodium citrate solution.
  7. 7. The method for preparing the noble metal platinum doped nano zinc oxide photocatalyst according to claim 1, wherein the mixed solvent is a mixed solution of ethanol and water of NaOH with the concentration of 0.05M, and the volume ratio of the ethanol to the water is 1:1.
  8. 8. A zinc oxide photocatalyst prepared by the method for preparing a noble metal platinum doped nano zinc oxide photocatalyst according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
  9. 9. Use of a zinc oxide photocatalyst according to claim 8 in environmental water pollution degradation, textile self-cleaning finishing or contaminant target detection.

Description

Noble metal platinum doped nano zinc oxide photocatalyst, preparation method and application Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of catalyst synthesis, in particular to a noble metal platinum doped nano zinc oxide photocatalyst, a preparation method and application thereof. Background Zinc oxide (Zincoxide) is an inorganic oxide. By adopting different synthesis methods and changing different synthesis modes and synthesis conditions, the nanometer size of zinc oxide crystals can be controlled, different noble metal ions are doped, and different composite nanometer zinc oxide materials can be synthesized. The zinc oxide has the advantages of simple synthesis, low consumption, safety, no toxicity, low cost, stability and ultraviolet resistance, and can be widely applied to the manufacture of products such as semiconductor catalysts, analytical reagents, plastic rubber, food papermaking, composite flame retardants and the like. On the premise of the excellent performances, the nano zinc oxide photocatalytic material can be endowed with more functionalities, such as fluorescence, so that the application field and range of the nano zinc oxide photocatalytic material can be greatly expanded. The multifunctional nano zinc oxide can be realized by compounding or doping modification, and the method is low in consumption, environment-friendly, low in cost and easy to obtain, and can improve the photocatalytic activity, fluorescence tracking and other performances of the nano zinc oxide to a great extent. For example, the composite nano powder prepared by the sol-gel method of zinc oxide and Fe can improve the photocatalytic activity of nano zinc oxide, the degradation rate of the nano zinc oxide to Methylene Blue (MB) is about 99.5 percent, and compared with a pure zinc oxide catalyst, the nano zinc oxide is doped with a noble metal platinum ion aqueous solution, and has fluorescence detection performance and higher organic matter degradation effect. In 2018, the team of the Saighur Material science research institute of Spain prepares nano zinc oxide with the average particle size of about 25-30nm under a precipitation method, wherein the Pt particle size is 3-5nm, and the photocatalytic material can be completely degraded under 60min for rhodamine B (RhB) and Methyl Orange (MO). In 2020, ag was compounded in a nano zinc oxide material by coprecipitation at high temperature by the company of natural swiss, sapringer, to obtain a zinc oxide rod having an average crystallite size of about 24-90nm, and it was found that it has a selective detection ability for ferric ions. However, the main synthesis modes of the nano zinc oxide studied before are a precipitation method and a sol-gel method, and compared with a hydrothermal method, the synthesis method is more complex, the synthesis condition is more severe and the synthesis cost is higher. In addition, a photocatalytic degradation material with high-efficiency degradability and fluorescence dual-functionalization has not been reported. The fluorescent functionalized nano zinc oxide material has bright application prospect in the fields of environmental target pollutant degradation effect detection, biomedical imaging, drug-loading tracing system and the like. At present, most of fluorescent additives used for preparing nano zinc oxide materials are organic fluorescent dyes, carbon quantum dots, semiconductor quantum dots and the like, and the fluorescent additives often involve the influence of the defects of larger toxicity, larger size, poor fluorescence stability and the like. Therefore, the novel non-toxic, green and environment-friendly nano zinc oxide composite/doped material is searched and prepared, and has profound significance. In view of this, the present invention has been proposed. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a noble metal platinum doped nano zinc oxide photocatalyst, a preparation method and application thereof. By adopting a natural biological template and combining a microwave-assisted hydrothermal and in-situ photochemical reduction technology, uniform doping of ultra-low noble metals (Pt, pd, au and the like) in the ZnO hierarchical porous structure is realized, and the morphology regulation and the construction of active sites of the material are synchronously completed. In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the following technical scheme is adopted: The invention provides a preparation method of a noble metal platinum doped nano zinc oxide photocatalyst, which comprises the following steps: s1, taking a natural biological material with a hierarchical porous structure as a soft template for pretreatment, and obtaining a Zn 2+ -loaded biological template after freeze drying; S2, placing the template in a mixed solvent, performing microwave hydrothermal synthesis on the ZnO@biological template, and performing centrifugal washing; S3, preparing a doping liq