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CN-122006873-A - Aggregate processing device and method for weakening water-force coupling and crushing by directional clash

CN122006873ACN 122006873 ACN122006873 ACN 122006873ACN-122006873-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building aggregate processing, and discloses an aggregate processing device and method for weakening water-force coupling and crushing by directional collision, wherein the aggregate processing device comprises a soaking module and a collision module, and a soaking conveying device is used for soaking and wetting aggregate; the collision module comprises a primary drying and sorting device, a secondary drying device, a collision device, an auxiliary pneumatic device and a tertiary sorting device, wherein the collision device comprises an upper layer of collision assembly and a lower layer of collision assembly, and the auxiliary pneumatic device is used for guiding aggregates in two ends of the collision assembly to converge towards the middle until collision and crushing occur. According to the invention, aggregates to be crushed are soaked in advance to be saturated and regulated to be saturated and dry, the cohesive strength of aggregate particles is reduced by utilizing the wedging action of water molecules, and then two groups of aggregates in the same particle size group are accelerated to a set speed by synchronous acceleration and are accurately collided in a collision cavity, so that the crushing effect is optimized, internal defect cracks are eliminated, and the energy efficiency and the finished product quality of aggregate crushing are remarkably improved.

Inventors

  • WANG HAILONG
  • SU HUANJIE
  • WANG XIAOXIAO

Assignees

  • 内蒙古农业大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260410

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The aggregate processing device comprises a soaking module and a collision module which are controlled by a global control module, and is characterized in that the soaking module comprises a protective shell, a soaking conveying device and an aggregate driving belt, wherein the soaking conveying device is arranged in the protective shell, and the aggregate driving belt is connected with a discharge hole at the bottom of the soaking conveying device; The collision module comprises a primary drying and sorting device, a secondary drying device, a collision device, an auxiliary pneumatic device and a tertiary sorting device; The clash device comprises an upper layer clash assembly and a lower layer clash assembly; The aggregate conveyor belt top extends out of the protective shell and then is connected to a feed inlet at the top of the primary drying and sorting device, a primary spiral elevator is connected between a discharge outlet at the bottom of the primary drying and sorting device and a feed inlet at the top of the upper layer clash assembly, the discharge outlet at the bottom of the upper layer clash assembly is connected to a feed inlet of the secondary drying device, the discharge outlet at the bottom of the secondary drying device is connected to the feed inlet at the top of the lower layer clash assembly through the secondary spiral elevator, and the discharge outlet at the bottom of the lower layer clash assembly is connected to the feed inlet of the tertiary sorting device; the auxiliary pneumatic device is used for spraying gas to the two ends of the upper and lower layers of collision assemblies, so that aggregates in the two ends of the collision assemblies are guided to converge towards the middle until collision and crushing occur.
  2. 2. The aggregate processing device for weakening water-force coupling and directional clash crushing according to claim 1, wherein the soaking conveying device comprises a first soaking cylinder, a second soaking cylinder, a third soaking cylinder and a fourth soaking cylinder which are arranged in the protective shell, and conveying auger assemblies which are arranged in the first soaking cylinder, the second soaking cylinder, the third soaking cylinder and the fourth soaking cylinder; The first soaking cylinder and the second soaking cylinder are located at the same height, the third soaking cylinder is located under the second soaking cylinder, the fourth soaking cylinder is located under the first soaking cylinder, a discharge hole of the first soaking cylinder is communicated with a feed inlet of the second soaking cylinder, a discharge hole of the second soaking cylinder is connected with a feed inlet of the third soaking cylinder, a discharge hole of the third soaking cylinder is connected with a feed inlet of the fourth soaking cylinder, and a discharge hole of the fourth soaking cylinder is connected with a feed inlet of the aggregate driving belt.
  3. 3. The aggregate processing device for weakening the water-force coupling and crushing the aggregates by directional clash according to claim 2, wherein a feeding hopper penetrating through and extending out of the protective shell is arranged at the top of the feeding hole of the first soaking cylinder; the size of the discharge holes of the first soaking cylinder, the second soaking cylinder, the third soaking cylinder and the fourth soaking cylinder is larger than that of the feed inlet; the first soaking cylinder, the second soaking cylinder, the third soaking cylinder and the fourth soaking cylinder are communicated by adopting a first material guiding connecting pipe.
  4. 4. The aggregate processing device for weakening and directional clash crushing by water-force coupling according to claim 2, wherein the conveying auger assembly comprises a conveying rotating shaft and conveying spiral blades, wherein the conveying rotating shaft and the conveying spiral blades are arranged in the first soaking cylinder, the second soaking cylinder, the third soaking cylinder and the fourth soaking cylinder, and the surfaces of the conveying rotating shaft are fixed; The protection shell is fixedly provided with a first driving motor, the output end of the first driving motor is connected with a first driving shaft, a first worm on the first driving shaft is meshed with a first driven worm wheel in the middle of a second driving shaft, a second worm fixed at two ends of the second driving shaft is meshed with a corresponding second driven worm wheel, and one end of a conveying rotating shaft extends out of the protection shell and then is fixed with the middle of the corresponding second driven worm wheel.
  5. 5. The aggregate processing device for weakening the water-force coupling and crushing by directional clash according to claim 1, wherein the primary drying and sorting device comprises a collecting trough fixed by a bracket and a plurality of groups of drying and screening components connected with the bottom of the collecting trough in sequence; The drying and screening assembly comprises a plurality of groups of drying and screening outer cylinders, drying and screening inner cylinders, first electric heating wires, a first screen cylinder, a first outer spiral blade, a first inner spiral blade and a first rotating rod, wherein the drying and screening outer cylinders are vertically communicated through a second guide connecting pipe, the drying and screening inner cylinders are fixed inside the drying and screening outer cylinders, the first screen cylinder is arranged in the middle inside the drying and screening inner cylinders, the first outer spiral blade is fixed outside the first screen cylinder, the first inner spiral blade is fixed on the inner wall of the first screen cylinder, and the first rotating rod is fixed in the middle of the first inner spiral blade; a second driving motor is fixed on the outer side of one end of the drying screening outer cylinder, and one end of the first rotating rod penetrates through and extends out of the drying screening outer cylinder and then is connected with the output end of the second driving motor; The upper part of one end of the drying screening outer cylinder for fixing the second driving motor is also fixed with a first air inlet fan, and the lower part and the bottom of the other end of the drying screening outer cylinder are respectively fixed with a first air exhaust grid and a first screening discharge pipe; the discharge hole of the bottommost drying screening outer cylinder is connected to the bottom of the primary spiral elevator through a third guide connecting pipe.
  6. 6. The aggregate processing device for weakening the water-force coupling and crushing the aggregates by directional clash according to claim 1, wherein the secondary drying device comprises a secondary drying shell, a secondary drying inner cylinder which is vertically distributed in the secondary drying shell, a second screen cylinder which is arranged in the secondary drying inner cylinder, a second inner helical blade which is fixed on the inner wall of the second screen cylinder and a second rotating rod which is fixed in the middle of the second inner helical blade; the discharge hole of the upper secondary drying inner cylinder is communicated with the feed hole of the lower secondary drying inner cylinder by a fourth guide connecting pipe; One end of the secondary drying shell is also provided with a second air inlet fan and a third driving motor, and the other end of the secondary drying shell is provided with a second air exhaust grid; The second rotating rod penetrates through the secondary drying shell and then is connected with the output end of the third driving motor; The bottom of the secondary drying shell is provided with a fifth guide connecting pipe which is connected to the bottom of the secondary spiral elevator.
  7. 7. The aggregate processing device for weakening water-force coupling and directional clash crushing according to claim 1, wherein the clash assembly comprises a circular shell distributed left and right and an accelerating assembly arranged inside the circular shell; The accelerating assembly comprises an upper rotating ring and a lower rotating ring, and accelerating poking plates which are distributed between the upper rotating ring and the lower rotating ring at equal intervals, and the middle part of the upper end of the rotating ring at the top is connected with a feed hopper which extends out of the circular shell; The two ends of the discharge holes at the tops of the primary spiral elevator and the secondary spiral elevator are respectively connected with an upper driving belt and a lower driving belt, and the discharge holes at the tail ends of the upper driving belt and the lower driving belt are positioned right above the corresponding feed hoppers; the feeding hopper is fixedly provided with a driven gear which is meshed with a driving gear at the output end of the bottom of the coupler, a long shaft is connected between two groups of couplers with the same height, and the long shaft is driven by an accelerating motor; An upper layer hollow guide channel is connected between the left circular shell and the right circular shell of the upper layer, the middle part of the upper layer hollow guide channel is connected with an upper layer collision cavity, and the bottom of the upper layer collision cavity is communicated with a feed inlet of the secondary drying device by adopting a sixth guide connecting pipe; a lower hollow guide channel is connected between the left circular shell and the right circular shell of the lower layer, the middle part of the lower hollow guide channel is connected with a lower collision cavity, and a discharge hole at the bottom of the lower collision cavity is communicated with a feed inlet of the three-stage sorting device; And ventilation holes are formed in the upper surfaces of the upper layer collision chamber and the lower layer collision chamber.
  8. 8. The aggregate processing device for weakening water-force coupling and directional clash crushing according to claim 7, wherein the auxiliary pneumatic device comprises an air supply pump, a pressure stabilizing tank communicated with the air supply pump and a flow guide nozzle connected with the bottom of the pressure stabilizing tank by adopting an air guide pipe, and the flow guide nozzle is respectively fixed at the outer side ends of the upper hollow guide channel and the lower hollow guide channel.
  9. 9. The aggregate processing device for weakening the water-force coupling and crushing the aggregates by directional clash according to claim 1, wherein the three-stage separation device comprises a three-stage separation shell, a third screen drum arranged in the three-stage separation shell, a third inner spiral blade fixed on the inner wall of the third screen drum and a third rotating rod fixed in the middle of the third inner spiral blade; One end of the third-stage separation shell is fixed with a fourth driving motor, and one end of the third rotating rod extends out of the third-stage separation shell and is connected with the output end of the fourth driving motor; The bottom of the discharge hole of the three-stage separation shell is connected with a finished product conveying belt, and the bottom of the other end of the three-stage separation shell is provided with a second screening discharge pipe.
  10. 10. A method of processing an aggregate processing device for weakening a hydro-mechanical coupling and directional impact fracture as defined in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of: S1, a soaking module is used for wetting input aggregate, and the completely wetted aggregate is introduced into a primary drying and sorting device through an aggregate driving belt; s2, continuously heating and sorting the aggregates by using a primary drying and sorting device to prepare saturated surface-dried aggregates to be crushed with similar particle sizes; S3, introducing the aggregate to be crushed after saturation and drying into a collision assembly at the upper layer through a primary spiral lifting machine, carrying out accelerated collision on the aggregate to be crushed after saturation and drying, and then, entering a secondary drying device for complete drying; S4, the completely dried aggregate is sent into a collision assembly at the lower layer by a secondary spiral elevator, the completely dried aggregate is subjected to accelerated collision, the collided aggregate is transmitted to a tertiary sorting device, and finally the tertiary sorting device outputs finished broken aggregate.

Description

Aggregate processing device and method for weakening water-force coupling and crushing by directional clash Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of building aggregate processing, in particular to an aggregate processing device and method for weakening water-force coupling and crushing by directional collision. Background In the engineering application level, the aggregate crushing process is a key link in a building material production chain, and the energy efficiency level and the product quality directly determine the subsequent concrete preparation cost and performance. The engineering community puts higher demands on the grain shape, grading and internal microstructure integrity of aggregates: Firstly, for preparing high-strength concrete, the aggregate is required to have excellent particle morphology and interface combination property, and the content of needle-shaped particles is required to be strictly controlled at an extremely low level so as to avoid being a weak point for crack initiation and expansion under a stress state; secondly, for a concrete structure in the freeze thawing resistant and erosion resistant environment, the microcrack and the defect in the aggregate directly deteriorate the long-term durability of the concrete, and the integrity of the internal structure of the aggregate is required to be protected as much as possible in the crushing process, so that secondary damage is avoided; However, the existing aggregate crushing process has obvious limitations in the technical principle level. Conventional crushing devices (e.g., jaw crushers, cone crushers, impact crushers, etc.) rely on crushing members to apply high stress crushing or impact to the aggregate, which is broken along internal defects by means of an "external force overcoming an internal force". Taking a common crushing process as an example, the effect is generally only characterized and evaluated by macroscopic indexes such as crushing ratio, treatment capacity, needle-like particle content and the like. This technical route, based on the concept of "forced crushing", essentially consumes a great amount of energy to overcome the ultimate strength of the aggregate itself, instead of guiding its disintegration along a preset weak plane. For rock materials, the rock materials have higher fracture toughness and compressive strength in a natural state, the traditional crushing mode is to crush aggregates, and loads far exceeding the stress required by fracture are often required to be applied, so that on one hand, a large amount of energy is dissipated in the form of heat, noise and equipment abrasion, the energy utilization rate is long-term wander at a lower level, on the other hand, excessive stress can form a large amount of uncontrollable microcracks and damages in the crushed aggregates, and the secondary defects become permeable channels and strength weak points in the subsequent concrete mixing and service processes, and finally the overall performance of the concrete is deteriorated. In fact, rock acts as a natural porous dielectric material, the strength properties of which are not constant. The existence of water can significantly change the mechanical behavior of the rock, namely, water molecules enter a mineral lattice or micro-crack tip through capillary adsorption and wedging action, so as to generate a water wedge effect, and the critical stress required by crack expansion is significantly reduced, and the phenomenon is called a water weakening effect in the field of rock mechanics. However, in the existing aggregate crushing process design, the natural law is not systematically applied, the aggregate enters a crushing cavity in a dry state, the strength of the aggregate is in a peak state, the crushing process is performed in a hard-to-hard mode, and the contradiction between the energy efficiency and the product quality is difficult to reconcile. Although the existing collision type crushing equipment is applied in a small range, the core control logic still has obvious defects: firstly, the crushing process is mostly single crushing, and the staged regulation and control of weakening crushing and defect elimination cannot be realized. The water-induced weakening effect of the aggregate in the saturated surface dry state can obviously reduce the crushing energy consumption, but if the aggregate is crushed once, the existing defects are difficult to fully release, the internal microcracks still remained after weakening cannot be thoroughly eliminated, otherwise, if the dried aggregate is crushed directly with high strength, the energy consumption is high, and the damage is heavy. Existing equipment lacks differential design capability for two crushing conditions. Secondly, the crushing energy cannot be dynamically matched according to the water content of the aggregate. The equipment generally adopts fixed parameter operation, and the weakening effect of moisture on aggregates can