CN-122006910-A - Synchronous green composite inhibitor for multiple types of gangue for rare earth ore flotation and flotation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a synchronous green composite inhibitor for multiple types of gangue for rare earth ore flotation and a flotation method, wherein the inhibitor is prepared by compounding sodium silicate, trisodium methylglycinate and starch according to a proportion. The composite inhibitor is applied to a 'one-coarse three-fine one-sweep' closed flotation process and is added in a roughing stage. The water glass is used as a dispersing agent and a silicate inhibitor, the trisodium methylglycinediacetate is used as a strong biodegradable chelating agent, the carbonate and iron-containing gangue minerals are selectively complexed and inhibited, and the starch is used as a polymer coverage inhibitor. The three are cooperated to construct a three-level cooperated inhibition system of dispersion-chelation-coverage, which can synchronously and efficiently inhibit silicate, carbonate and iron ore with different properties in rare earth ore, and obviously improve the grade of concentrate while ensuring high rare earth recovery rate. The method has strong selectivity, excellent index and environmental protection, and is suitable for industrialized separation of complex rare earth ores represented by bayan obo ores.

Inventors

• LIU WENLI
• ZHANG PENG
• CAO ZHAO
• WANG JIELIANG
• CAO YONGDAN
• XU JUNSHAN
• GUO XU
• LI PEI
• WU XU
• SONG YUGUO

Assignees

• 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20260304

Claims (10)

1. 1. A synchronous green composite inhibitor for multiple types of gangue for rare earth ore flotation is characterized by comprising water glass, trisodium methylglycinate and starch, wherein the proportion of the water glass, the trisodium methylglycinate and the starch is (5-15): 0.5-2.0): 1-5 by dry weight.
2. 2. The multiple types of gangue synchronous green composite inhibitor for rare earth ore flotation according to claim 1, wherein the trisodium methylglycinediacetate, the water glass and the starch are respectively prepared into medicament solutions with the mass concentration of 2% -20% with water.
3. 3. The multiple types of gangue synchronous green composite suppressor for rare earth ore flotation of claim 1 wherein the water glass has a modulus of 2.2-3.0.
4. 4. The multiple types of gangue synchronous green composite depressant for rare earth ore flotation according to claim 1, wherein the starch is one of tapioca starch and corn starch.
5. 5. A flotation method of complex symbiotic rare earth ores, which adopts a 'one-coarse three-fine one-sweep' closed flotation process flow, and is characterized in that the green composite inhibitor as claimed in any one of claims 1-4 is added in each flotation stage.
6. 6. The flotation process according to claim 5, wherein the green composite inhibitor is added in an amount of 200-1500 grams per ton of raw ore.
7. 7. The flotation process according to claim 5, wherein the green composite suppressor is added prior to the collector addition and the agitation time is 2-5 minutes.
8. 8. The flotation process according to claim 5, wherein the complex intergrowth rare earth ore is bastnaesite and monazite based ore, and the gangue minerals comprise at least three of fluorite, calcite, dolomite, quartz, feldspar, hematite, aegirine, biotite.
9. 9. The flotation process according to claim 8, wherein the complex intergrowth rare earth ore is bayan obo rare earth ore.
10. 10. The flotation method according to claim 5, wherein the "one-roughing, three-finishing and one-scavenging" closed flotation process flow specifically comprises the steps of carrying out rough concentration on raw ores after grinding to obtain roughing concentrates and roughing tailings, carrying out first concentration, second concentration and third concentration on the roughing concentrates in sequence to obtain final rare earth concentrates, carrying out one-scavenging on the roughing tailings to obtain scavenging concentrates and final tailings, returning the scavenging concentrates to the rough concentration operation, merging the third concentration tailings and the second concentration tailings, returning the first concentration, and carrying out one-scavenging operation on the first concentration tailings to form closed cycle.

Description

Synchronous green composite inhibitor for multiple types of gangue for rare earth ore flotation and flotation method Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral processing, and particularly relates to a synchronous green composite inhibitor for multiple types of gangue for rare earth ore flotation and a flotation method. In particular to a compound green compound inhibitor and a floatation method for synchronously inhibiting various types of gangue, which are green and efficient, aiming at ores represented by bayan obo ore deposit, wherein rare earth minerals and various gangue minerals with different properties are closely symbiotic. Background The baiyuneboite ore is a rare earth-iron-niobium polymetallic symbiotic deposit with the largest reserves in the world, and the rare earth resource has a crucial strategic significance for China and even the world. However, the mineral composition and the embedding relation of the ore are extremely complex, and the main rare earth minerals (bastnaesite and monazite) are tightly symbiotic with various gangue minerals such as fluorite, calcite, dolomite, barite, quartz, hematite, aegirine, biotite and the like, mutually dip-dyed, have fine granularity and belong to the accepted extremely difficult-to-separate ore. Flotation is a core technology for separating and recovering rare earth minerals. The fundamental challenge of rare earth flotation is to synchronously inhibit silicate, carbonate and iron mineral intergrowth gangue with different surface physical and chemical characteristics. The main factors that three gangue minerals are difficult to inhibit are as follows: Silicate minerals (e.g. quartz, feldspar) whose surface is mainly composed of si—o bonds are negatively charged in alkaline slurries commonly used for flotation. Conventionally, sodium silicate (sodium silicate) is used as an inhibitor, and HSiO 3 -ions and colloidal particles generated by hydrolysis of the sodium silicate can form a hydrophilic layer on the surface of silicate minerals through electrostatic adsorption and surface complexation, so that effective inhibition is realized. Carbonate minerals (such as calcite and dolomite) have ca2+ and mg2+ sites on the surface, and sodium silicate has limited inhibition effect and poor selectivity. The alkaline earth metal ion sites are extremely easy to combine with fatty acid or hydroxamic acid collectors, so that the alkaline earth metal ion sites float up synchronously with rare earth minerals, concentrate is seriously polluted, and the CaO content in the concentrate is kept high. Iron minerals (such as hematite, aegirine and biotite) have metal ion sites such as Fe < 3+ > on the surface, the surface electrical property of the iron minerals is complex in alkaline ore pulp, and part of the iron minerals have certain natural floatability or are activated by ions in the ore pulp. The conventional silicate inhibitor water glass has poor inhibition effect on the water glass, and is a main source of iron impurities in concentrate. Current industry practice and research is largely focused around combining inhibitors, but all suffer from significant drawbacks. The single water glass method is effective in inhibiting silicate, but weak in inhibiting capability on carbonate and iron minerals, and high-grade rare earth concentrate is difficult to obtain. The binary combination method of water glass and starch is a common improvement scheme, and the starch is used as an organic polymer, so that the inhibition of various gangue can be enhanced through hydrogen bond and adsorption cover effect. However, the inhibition of carbonate and iron minerals still lacks chemical selectivity, and the inhibition strength is insufficient. When the dosage of the chemical is increased for the purpose of grade, rare earth minerals are often suppressed to different degrees, and the recovery rate is drastically reduced. In the strong chelating agent assisted method, attempts have been made to complex ca2+ and fe3+ using a strong chelating agent such as ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), and it is theoretically possible to specifically inhibit carbonate and iron minerals. However, EDTA is costly, difficult to biodegrade in the environment, has a persistent pollution risk, and is contrary to the development concept of green beneficiation, and cannot be industrially applied. Meanwhile, the strong complexing capacity of the rare earth ion complex can also lead to the complex dissolution of part of rare earth ions, so that metal loss is caused. In summary, the prior art lacks a solution that can achieve high efficiency, selectivity and environmental friendliness, so as to break through the long-term technical bottleneck that silicate, carbonate and iron minerals in bayan obo ore are difficult to inhibit simultaneously. Therefore, the development of a novel composite inhibitor based on the green chemical idea and a matching process thereof ensures the ef