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CN-122006989-A - Multilayer surface dampproof protection method for basic building decoration material and multilayer composite protective coating

CN122006989ACN 122006989 ACN122006989 ACN 122006989ACN-122006989-A

Abstract

The invention provides a multilayer surface moistureproof protection method and a multilayer composite protective coating for a basic building decorative material, belongs to the technical field of building and decorative material protection, and aims to solve the technical problem that the basic material has poor long-term moistureproof performance. The protection method comprises alternately coating inorganic densification layer and organic-inorganic hybrid hydrophobic layer on the surface of a basic matrix, wherein the inorganic densification layer comprises phosphorus silica sol coated on the surface of the basic matrix, and curing to form a continuous inorganic network structure, and the organic-inorganic hybrid hydrophobic layer comprises coating silica sol containing long-chain alkyl silane end capping agent on the surface of the inorganic densification layer, and curing to obtain the organic-inorganic hybrid hydrophobic layer. The inorganic densification layer is formed by a phosphorus-silicon network, can enhance surface compactness and inhibit ion migration, and the organic-inorganic hybridization hydrophobic layer is endowed with low surface energy, superhydrophobicity and weather resistance. The multilayer cooperative protection method remarkably improves the moisture resistance, delays the deliquescence rate and improves the surface mechanical stability while keeping the natural texture and the decoration effect of the salt material, and is suitable for long-term protection of pressed salt bricks, salt plates, salt sculptures and salt-based curtain wall components.

Inventors

  • MI LIWEI
  • JIA YUFEI
  • CHEN ZHIHAO
  • LI HUIHUA

Assignees

  • 尧山实验室

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260211

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A multilayer surface moisture protection method for a salt-based architectural decoration material, characterized in that an inorganic densified layer and an organic-inorganic hybrid hydrophobic layer are alternately coated on the surface of a salt-based substrate, comprising the steps of: (1) Inorganic densification layer, coating phosphorus-silicon sol on the surface of basic matrix, curing to form continuous inorganic network structure; (2) And (3) coating a silica sol containing a long-chain alkylsilane end-capping agent on the surface of the inorganic densification layer, and curing to obtain the organic-inorganic hybrid hydrophobic layer.
  2. 2. The multilayer surface moistureproof protection method for salt-based building decorative materials according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the phosphosilicate sol in the step (1) is characterized in that tetraalkoxy normal silane, phosphorus esters and a solvent I are mixed to obtain a phosphosilicate mixed solution, and then an acid liquor I is added to adjust the pH value and then hydrolyzed and aged to obtain the phosphosilicate sol containing a P-O-Si network structure.
  3. 3. The method for protecting a multilayer surface of a salt-based architectural ornament material according to claim 2, wherein the tetraalkoxy silane is any one or two or more of tetramethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, tetrapropoxysilane and tetrabutoxysilane, the phosphorus-based ester is a phosphoric acid ester or a phosphorous acid ester, and the phosphoric acid ester is any one or two or more of trimethyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate and tributyl phosphate.
  4. 4. The method for protecting the surface of a multilayer substrate for a salt-based building decorative material according to claim 3, wherein the solvent I is any one or more of water, methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol and n-butanol, and the acid I is any one or more of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, acetic acid and citric acid.
  5. 5. The method for protecting the multi-layer surface of a salt-based building decorative material according to claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of the tetraalkoxy silane to the phosphorus esters is 1-20:1, the concentration of the tetraalkoxy silane in the phosphorus-silicon mixed solution is 0.05-0.5 g/mL, and the acid liquor I is added in the step (1) to adjust the pH to 4-6.
  6. 6. The method for protecting the surface of a multilayer surface of a salt-based building decorative material against moisture according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the preparation method of the silica sol containing the long-chain alkylsilane-type end-capping agent in the step (2) comprises the steps of dissolving silane in a solvent II to obtain a silane solution, adding an acid solution II to adjust the pH, then carrying out hydrolytic aging, and finally adding the long-chain alkylsilane-type end-capping agent to uniformly mix to obtain the silica sol containing the long-chain alkylsilane-type end-capping agent.
  7. 7. The method for protecting a multilayer surface of a salt-based architectural decorative material according to claim 6, wherein the silane is tetraalkoxy-silane or tetraalkoxy-silane and any one or two or more of methyltriethoxysilane and phenyltriethoxysilane, and the long-chain alkylsilane-based end-capping agent is any one or two or more of octyltrimethoxysilane, octyltriethoxysilane, dodecyltrimethoxysilane, dodecyltriethoxysilane, hexadecyltrimethoxysilane, cetyltrimethoxysilane, octyltrimethoxysilane, octadecyltrichlorosilane and octadecyldimethylchlorosilane.
  8. 8. The method for protecting the surface of a multilayer substrate against moisture according to claim 7, wherein the solvent II is one or more of water, methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol and n-butanol, and the acid solution II is one or more of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, acetic acid and citric acid.
  9. 9. The multilayer surface moistureproof protection method for salt-based building decorative material according to claim 8, wherein the concentration of the silane solution is 0.05-0.5 g/mL, the mass ratio of the silane to the long-chain alkylsilane end capping agent is 1:0.01-0.1, and the pH value is adjusted to 4-6 by adding acid liquor II in the step (2).
  10. 10. The multilayer composite protective coating for the surface of the basic building decorative material is characterized by comprising an inorganic densification layer and an organic-inorganic hybridization hydrophobic layer which are alternately constructed on the surface of a basic matrix, wherein the inorganic densification layer is arranged on the innermost layer, the organic-inorganic hybridization hydrophobic layer is arranged on the outermost layer, the thickness of the inorganic densification layer is 1-10 mu m, and the thickness of the organic-inorganic hybridization hydrophobic layer is 1-10 mu m.

Description

Multilayer surface dampproof protection method for basic building decoration material and multilayer composite protective coating Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of building and decoration material protection, and particularly relates to a salt-based building decoration material protection coating. Background The basic building material has irreplaceable application value in the fields of salt carving artistic creation, salt brick wall body construction, mineral salt decoration board decoration and the like by virtue of unique crystal structure and natural texture, and becomes one of the characteristic materials in the fields of building decoration and artistic design. However, the existence of a large amount of hydrophilic ions in the crystal structure makes the crystal structure extremely sensitive to environmental humidity, and under the high humidity environment, the material is easy to absorb moisture rapidly and induce corrosion reaction, thereby causing structural degradation. The weathering exfoliation is easy to occur on the surface, the strength is obviously reduced due to loose internal structure, the appearance color and the shape are damaged, the service life of the salt-based product is greatly shortened, the core decoration and the artistic value are seriously damaged, and the material becomes a core bottleneck which restricts the large-scale popularization of the material in the field of building decoration. Aiming at the damp-proof technical requirement of salt-based materials, the prior researches mainly form two solutions, namely a surface coating type damp-proof technology, wherein a hydrophobic coating is constructed on the surface of the material to form physical barrier so as to block the contact between external moisture and hydrophilic ions in the material. However, the technology has obvious limitations, a thicker coating structure is required to be prepared for realizing the stable dampproof effect, so that the problems of spalling, cracking and other failures are easily caused by the difference of the thermal expansion coefficients of the coating and the matrix, the special natural textures and textures of the salt-based material are completely covered, the core application advantages of the salt-based material are lost, and the internal doping type dampproof technology is used for delaying the diffusion rate of moisture in the material by adding hydrophobic filler into the raw material of the salt-based material and utilizing the hydrophobic property of the filler. However, the technology is limited by the dispersion uniformity of the filler in the matrix, and is difficult to form a continuous and compact hydrophobic barrier network, so that the moisture-proof performance is limited to be improved, and particularly, the moisture-proof effect can be rapidly deteriorated along with the attenuation of the bonding force between the filler and the matrix interface under severe environments such as high temperature, high humidity and the like. In conclusion, the existing dampproof technology has obvious short plates on three core indexes of durability, appearance maintainability and process stability, and cannot meet the requirement of long-term dampproof performance of salt-based materials in practical application scenes. Therefore, the key direction of the breakthrough in the technical field of salt-based material moisture prevention is to develop an integrated moisture-proof scheme capable of simultaneously realizing 'inner ion migration blocking' and 'surface efficient hydrophobic protection'. On the premise of not damaging the natural texture and the appearance flatness of the salt-based material, a stable and long-acting dampproof structure is constructed, the reliability of long-term service of the material in a high-humidity environment is ensured, and technical support is provided for the wide application of the salt-based material in the fields of building decoration and art. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the technical problem that the salt-based material has poor long-term moisture resistance, the invention provides a multilayer surface moisture-proof protection method and a multilayer composite protective coating for a salt-based building decoration material. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: A multilayer surface dampproof protection method for a basic building decorative material, wherein the surface of a basic matrix is alternately coated with an inorganic densification layer and an organic-inorganic hybridization hydrophobic layer, and the method comprises the following steps: (1) Inorganic densification layer, coating phosphorus-silicon sol on the surface of basic matrix, curing to form continuous inorganic network structure; (2) And (3) coating a silica sol containin