CN-122006991-A - Anti-icing method for spraying super-hydrophobic material on pantograph of locomotive and motor train unit

Abstract

The invention provides an anti-icing method for spraying a super-hydrophobic material on pantographs of locomotives and motor train units, and belongs to the technical field of protection of rail transit equipment. According to the invention, the high-performance super-hydrophobic coating is selected, and the surface pretreatment and the spraying process are combined to form a uniform coating, so that the adhesive force of an ice layer is obviously reduced, the ice coating problem of the pantograph in a freezing rain environment is solved, and the accident risks of arc discharge, contact failure and the like of the pantograph net caused by ice coating are reduced. The invention has the characteristics of excellent anti-icing performance, high economy and good safety, and is suitable for the field of rail traffic equipment protection.

Inventors

• XU BINYAO
• LI QIWEI

Assignees

• 湖南津益科贸中心

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20260326

Priority Date

20250328

Claims (5)

1. 1. The method for preventing the pantograph of the locomotive and the motor train unit from being coated with the super-hydrophobic material is characterized by comprising the following steps of: a) Selecting a coating, namely adopting a super-hydrophobic coating taking a fluorinated polymer as a matrix and nano silicon dioxide as an enhancement phase; b) Surface pretreatment, namely polishing or sand blasting, degreasing by a solvent and activating by plasma; c) A spraying process, namely forming a uniform coating by adopting high-pressure airless spraying equipment through a cross spraying method; d) Performance verification the anti-icing efficacy is confirmed by a contact angle measuring instrument and an ice layer shear strength test.
2. 2. The method for preventing ice coating by spraying the super-hydrophobic material on the pantograph of the locomotive or the motor train unit according to claim 1, wherein the performance indexes of the super-hydrophobic coating comprise a contact angle of more than or equal to 150 degrees, a rolling angle of less than or equal to 10 degrees, a temperature resistance range of minus 30 ℃ to 70 ℃ and a wear resistance grade of more than or equal to H.
3. 3. The method for preventing ice coating by spraying a superhydrophobic material on a pantograph of a locomotive or a motor train unit according to claim 1, wherein the surface pretreatment comprises polishing or sand blasting to a Sa2.5 level, solvent degreasing and plasma activation treatment, and the surface energy of a substrate is ensured to be less than or equal to 25mN/m.
4. 4. The method for preventing ice coating by spraying the superhydrophobic material on the pantograph of the locomotive or the motor train unit according to claim 1, wherein the spraying process adopts high-pressure airless spraying equipment, the working pressure is 0.4-0.6 MPa, the spraying distance is 30 cm, and the three times of cross spraying are carried out until the total thickness is 10-50 μm.
5. 5. The method for preventing ice coating by spraying the superhydrophobic material on the pantograph of the locomotive or the motor train unit according to claim 1, wherein the curing condition is that hot air is circulated at 60 ℃ for 1h, and then the hot air is cured at normal temperature for 8h or self-crosslinking is performed at normal temperature for 24 h.

Description

Anti-icing method for spraying super-hydrophobic material on pantograph of locomotive and motor train unit The application claims priority of China patent application filed in 28 days of 2025 in 03 month, with application number 202520572116.6 and the application name of 'a method for spraying super-hydrophobic material on pantograph of locomotive and motor train unit', which is incorporated by reference in its entirety. Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of protection of rail transit equipment, in particular to an anti-icing method for spraying a super-hydrophobic material on a pantograph of a locomotive and a motor train unit. Background Currently, railway locomotives and motor train unit pantographs lack an effective anti-freeze design. In extremely low temperature freezing rain weather, the surface of the pantograph is easy to form an ice layer, so that the pantograph cannot be lifted up due to ice coating weight increment or the contact failure of a pantograph net after being lifted up barely causes the equipment to be drawn and damaged. For example, during the south chill of 2 months 2024, the lower arm, upper frame and bow head support of the pantograph are commonly wrapped by about 10mm of ice layers, the pressure of the lifting bow is reset to zero, and the sliding plate is broken by arc burning, so that locomotive faults are caused, and the transportation order is seriously disturbed (see fig. 1 and 2). The existing anti-icing technology has the following defects: 1. The electric heating method has high energy consumption, needs to modify a power supply system and increases the operation cost; 2. The mechanical deicing method is complex in operation and easy to damage the surface of the carbon sliding plate of the pantograph; 3. Chemical deicing agent, environmental pollution risk, and frequent repeated construction. Therefore, there is a need to develop a maintenance-free, low-cost passive anti-icing solution. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide an anti-icing method for spraying a super-hydrophobic material on a pantograph of a locomotive or a motor train unit, which is a super-hydrophobic coating anti-icing technology based on the bionics principle of lotus leaf effect (the phenomenon that the surface of a lotus leaf is not stained with water), and solves the problem of icing of the pantograph in a freezing rain environment by inhibiting ice nuclei from forming and reducing ice layer adhesion, so that the normal lifting of the pantograph is ensured, reliable contact of a pantograph net is ensured, and the accidents of no current receiving of the pantograph, no power loss of a train and poor arc discharge ablation of the pantograph net contact are avoided. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the invention provides an anti-icing method for spraying a super-hydrophobic material on a pantograph of a locomotive and a motor train unit, which comprises the following steps: a) Selecting a coating, namely adopting a super-hydrophobic coating taking a fluorinated polymer as a matrix and nano silicon dioxide as an enhancement phase; b) Surface pretreatment, namely polishing or sand blasting, degreasing by a solvent and activating by plasma; c) A spraying process, namely forming a uniform coating by adopting high-pressure airless spraying equipment through a cross spraying method; d) Performance verification the anti-icing efficacy is confirmed by a contact angle measuring instrument and an ice layer shear strength test. Further, the performance indexes of the super-hydrophobic coating comprise that the contact angle is more than or equal to 150 degrees, the rolling angle is less than or equal to 10 degrees, the temperature resistance range is-30 ℃ to 70 ℃, and the wear resistance grade is more than or equal to H. Further, the surface pretreatment comprises polishing or sand blasting to Sa2.5 grade, degreasing by a solvent and plasma activating treatment, so that the surface energy of the substrate is less than or equal to 25mN/m. Furthermore, the spraying process adopts high-pressure airless spraying equipment, the working pressure is 0.4-0.6 MPa, the spraying distance is 30 cm, and the three times of cross spraying are carried out until the total thickness is 10-50 mu m. Further, the curing condition is that hot air circulation is carried out for 1h at 60 ℃ and then the curing is carried out for 8h at normal temperature or self-crosslinking is carried out for 24h at normal temperature. The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. The ice-proof performance is that the adhesive force of the ice layer is less than or equal to 0.1MPa (0.8 MPa compared with the untreated surface), and the ice-proof energy consumption can be obviously reduced; 2. the economical efficiency is that the single construction service life is more than 2 years, and the operation and maintenance cost is saved by more tha