CN-122007124-A - Recovery processing system of scrapped battery

CN122007124ACN 122007124 ACN122007124 ACN 122007124ACN-122007124-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a recovery processing system of scrapped batteries, which comprises a climbing conveyor belt, a battery crushing structure and a tail gas processing device, wherein an inlet and outlet sealing structure is arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the battery crushing structure, the battery crushing structure comprises a high-speed shredder and a nitrogen circulating structure, a pressurizing guide piece is arranged at the upper end and the lower end inside the high-speed shredder, a cracking kiln comprises a cracking furnace body, a collecting container connected to the discharge end of the cracking furnace body, a front exhaust assembly comprises an exhaust pipe, a physical filtering device, a flame-retardant container, a cracking gas combustion furnace, a closing plate and a traction assembly, a front sorting unit and a rear sorting unit, the front sorting unit comprises a front end processing structure for conveying a mixture of positive and negative fragments, metal particles and black powder, and the front end processing structure breaks the positive and negative fragments in the process of conveying the mixture, and the rear sorting unit comprises a rear end processing structure connected with the front end processing structure.

Inventors

DAI YUANSHEN
Yao Lingke
HU ZHANYI
ZHANG YUE
Xiao Kaige
Xiang Renyong

Assignees

福建常青新能源科技有限公司
巴斯夫（中国）有限公司
成都祐健科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260313

Claims (10)

1. A recycling system for discarded batteries, comprising: The device comprises a climbing conveyor belt, wherein a discharge end of the climbing conveyor belt is connected with a battery crushing structure, a tail gas treatment device is arranged at the top of the battery crushing structure, an inlet and outlet sealing structure is arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the battery crushing structure, the battery crushing structure comprises a high-speed shredder and a nitrogen circulating structure arranged at the lateral direction of the high-speed shredder, a pressurizing guide piece is arranged at the upper end and the lower end inside the high-speed shredder, pressurized nitrogen is guided by the pressurizing guide piece and rapidly circulates in the nitrogen circulating structure and the high-speed shredder, the tail gas treatment device comprises an upper tail gas guide pipe arranged at the upper end of an upper connecting cylinder and a precipitation separation structure, and tail gas generated by the high-speed shredder is precipitated in the precipitation separation structure through the upper tail gas guide pipe and is connected to a combustor; The cracking kiln comprises a cracking furnace body with a feeding channel, a material collecting container connected to the discharging end of the cracking furnace body, a front exhaust assembly and a back exhaust assembly, wherein the front exhaust assembly comprises an exhaust pipe connected to an exhaust port of the feeding channel, the exhaust pipe is connected to the air inlet end of a corresponding physical filtering device, the air outlet end of the physical filtering device is connected to the air inlet end of a corresponding flame-retardant container, the air outlet end of the flame-retardant container is connected to the air inlet end of a corresponding cracking gas combustion furnace, a corresponding closing plate is arranged outside the air inlet end of the flame-retardant container through a corresponding elastic piece, one side of the closing plate, which is not connected with the elastic piece, is connected to the air outlet end of the flame-retardant container in a pulling mode through a pulling assembly made of combustibility, and the elastic piece is arranged in a tensioning mode; front separation unit and back separation unit, front separation unit contains the front end processing structure that is used for carrying the mixture of positive negative pole piece, metal particle, black powder, front end processing structure smashes positive negative pole piece at the in-process of carrying the mixture, front end processing structure has connected gradually first drum sieve, first screening unit, second screening unit, back separation unit contains the rear end processing structure that meets with the second screening unit, rear end processing structure has connected gradually second drum sieve, third cyclone, swaying sieve and reselector.
2. The recycling system of scrapped batteries according to claim 1, wherein an upper connecting cylinder is installed at the upper end of the high-speed shredder, a lower connecting cylinder is installed at the lower end of the high-speed shredder, the pressurizing guide piece comprises an annular separation cover arranged on the upper connecting cylinder and the lower connecting cylinder, the annular separation cover is connected with an external air passage, a sealing sheet is connected to the inner side of the annular separation cover, a connecting sheet is arranged between the sealing sheets, when the batteries are fed, the sealing sheet naturally sags, when the high-speed shredder is broken, the sealing sheet is inflated and is connected through the connecting sheet to form a sealing surface guide, and a guide plate is arranged on one side of the annular separation cover away from the upper connecting cylinder and the lower connecting cylinder.
3. The recovery processing system of a scrapped battery according to claim 2, wherein the precipitation separation structure comprises an extension pipeline connected with the processor, a rotary precipitator is connected to the tail end of the extension pipeline, the outlet end of the rotary precipitator is connected with a tail gas speed increasing structure, the tail gas speed increasing structure is output to a lower precipitator, the tail gas is precipitated by the lower precipitator and then is connected to the combustor through a combustion pipeline, the rotary precipitator comprises a first turning section connected with the extension pipeline, the lower end of the first turning section is connected with a precipitation section, the outlet position of the precipitation section is connected with a second turning section, the second turning section is connected into the tail gas structure, the lower end of the precipitation section is connected with a precipitation discharge pipe, and the precipitation discharge pipe is controlled through a discharge valve.
4. The recovery processing system of a scrapped battery according to claim 3, wherein the tail gas accelerating structure comprises a fan mounting frame, a fan mounting seat is arranged on the fan mounting frame, a tail gas accelerating fan is arranged on the fan mounting seat, the air outlet end of the rotary settler is inserted into the air inlet end of the tail gas accelerating fan, the air outlet end of the tail gas accelerating fan is inserted into the lower settler, the lower settler comprises a lower settling cylinder arranged on the fan mounting frame, the lower half part of the outer circumference of the lower settling cylinder is connected with a settler output pipe, an inclined guide plate is arranged in the lower settling cylinder, a plurality of holes are formed in the inclined guide plate, and the bottom of the inclined guide plate is flush with the air inlet end of the settler output pipe.
5. The recycling system of scrapped batteries according to claim 4, wherein the nitrogen gas circulation structure comprises a first circulation pipe arranged at the lateral direction of the upper connection cylinder, a second circulation pipe is connected at the lateral direction of the lower connection cylinder, the first circulation pipe and the second circulation pipe are connected through a circulation connection pipe, an included angle between the first circulation pipe, the second circulation pipe and a horizontal plane is 120-150 degrees, the mechanical sealing seat comprises an embedded seat embedded at two side embedded inlets of the high-speed shredder, an outer embedded seat is fixedly locked at one side of the embedded seat far away from the high-speed shredder, and a mechanical labyrinth is arranged inside the embedded seat.
6. The recycling system of scrapped batteries according to claim 1, wherein the pulling assembly comprises a plurality of small-diameter pulling ropes arranged in an annular array, one ends of the small-diameter pulling ropes are respectively fixed to the back surface of the closing plate, the other ends of the small-diameter pulling ropes are respectively fixed to the air outlet ends of the flame-retardant containers, the small-diameter pulling ropes respectively penetrate through fixing holes arranged on the outer sides of the corresponding annular plates, when flames of the pyrolysis gas combustion furnace reversely extend into the flame-retardant containers, the pulling assembly is blown, and the closing plate is driven by elastic force of an elastic piece to form a seal on the air inlet ends of the flame-retardant containers.
7. The recovery processing system of the scrapped battery according to claim 6 is characterized in that an oil stain catcher for catching and discharging oil stain particles in gas flowing through the exhaust pipe is arranged on the exhaust pipe and is used for catching and conveying the oil stain particles into the feeding channel for cracking operation again, the exhaust pipe comprises a horizontal exhaust section, two ends of the horizontal exhaust section are respectively connected to an exhaust port of the feeding channel and an air inlet end of a physical filtering device through corresponding pipes, the oil stain catcher comprises an oil stain catching spiral plate which is rotatably arranged on the horizontal exhaust section of the exhaust pipe and is connected to an output shaft end of a corresponding driving motor through corresponding transmission shafts, a plurality of inclined overturning plates for pushing materials from the feeding end to the discharging end are uniformly arranged in the cracking furnace body, and the cracking furnace body is driven by a corresponding furnace body driving mechanism.
8. The recovery processing system of claim 1, wherein the front end processing structure is the same as the rear end processing structure, the front end processing structure comprises a feeding fan connected with the cooler, the discharge end of the feeding fan is connected with a feeding air pipe, the feeding fan comprises a middle rotating shaft, a plurality of feeding fan seats are embedded in the middle rotating shaft, a weight sensing structure is arranged on the feeding fan, a placement cage is arranged on the inner side of the feeding air pipe, a plurality of abduction power pieces are arranged on the inner side of the placement cage, the abduction power pieces are connected with a plurality of parting pieces, and the radiation range of the parting pieces is changed when the abduction power pieces act.
9. The recycling system of scrapped batteries according to claim 8, wherein the placement cage comprises an upper cage plate and a lower cage plate which are arranged in the feeding air pipe, an inner framework is connected between the upper cage plate and the lower cage plate, a plurality of abduction power pieces are embedded on the inner framework, each abduction power piece comprises an abduction push rod embedded in the inner framework, a lower tensioning disc is arranged at the output end of each abduction push rod, a plurality of tensioning heads are arranged on the lower tensioning disc, and the tensioning heads slide up and down in rib grooves in the lateral directions of the inner framework.
10. The recycling system for discarded batteries according to claim 9, wherein the cutting member comprises a tension spring connected to the tension head, and a split blade is connected to the lower end of the spring, and a plurality of cutting barbs are provided on the split blade.

Description

Recovery processing system of scrapped battery Technical Field The invention relates to the field of battery recovery, in particular to a recovery processing system for scrapped batteries. Background Battery recycling is a rapidly growing strategic emerging industry that not only can block the entry of harmful substances in batteries into the environment, but also can extract metals from waste batteries, has lower energy consumption, lower cost and less environmental pollution than the exploitation of smelting from raw ores, the existing battery recycling method comprises a direct crushing method and a step-by-step decomposing method, wherein the step-by-step decomposing method adopts a step-by-step treatment mode to separate each part, but the cost is high, the direct crushing method directly throws the battery into a crusher to crush, and then the crushed battery fragments are treated and screened, so that the cost of the latter is far less than that of the former. The traditional direct crushing method comprises the steps of crushing a battery, crushing the battery into battery fragments, then pyrolyzing the fragments, and sorting the pyrolyzed fragments into different products step by step, wherein the problems easily occur in the process of 1. Nitrogen protection is carried out in the crushing process, but the pressurized nitrogen is easy to follow a feeding and discharging loss part, so that energy waste is caused, the gas has certain pollution and needs to be properly treated, 2. The tail gas of the pyrolysis is easy to liquefy due to temperature dip after being output from the rear end, the liquefied chlorine can pollute the products, so that the purity of the products is influenced, 3. The battery fragments are difficult to separate in the air separation and color separation process if secondary crushing is not carried out, and the particles in the fragments are crushed smaller and are difficult to separate in the separation process if secondary crushing is carried out. The scheme aims to provide a recovery processing system of scrapped batteries, which can not only accelerate the nitrogen circulation in the crushing process, properly process tail gas, and can give off gas from the front end during the cracking process, thereby ensuring the purity of the cracked products, but also independently crush the flaky objects in the battery fragments and ensuring the sorting effect. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a recovery processing system for scrapped batteries, which can effectively solve the problems. The invention is realized in the following way: a recycling system for a rejected battery, comprising: The device comprises a climbing conveyor belt, wherein a discharge end of the climbing conveyor belt is connected with a battery crushing structure, a tail gas treatment device is arranged at the top of the battery crushing structure, an inlet and outlet sealing structure is arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the battery crushing structure, the battery crushing structure comprises a high-speed shredder and a nitrogen circulating structure arranged at the lateral direction of the high-speed shredder, a pressurizing guide piece is arranged at the upper end and the lower end inside the high-speed shredder, pressurized nitrogen is guided by the pressurizing guide piece and rapidly circulates in the nitrogen circulating structure and the high-speed shredder, the tail gas treatment device comprises an upper tail gas guide pipe arranged at the upper end of an upper connecting cylinder and a precipitation separation structure, and tail gas generated by the high-speed shredder is precipitated in the precipitation separation structure through the upper tail gas guide pipe and is connected to a combustor; The cracking kiln comprises a cracking furnace body with a feeding channel, a material collecting container connected to the discharging end of the cracking furnace body, a front exhaust assembly and a back exhaust assembly, wherein the front exhaust assembly comprises an exhaust pipe connected to an exhaust port of the feeding channel, the exhaust pipe is connected to the air inlet end of a corresponding physical filtering device, the air outlet end of the physical filtering device is connected to the air inlet end of a corresponding flame-retardant container, the air outlet end of the flame-retardant container is connected to the air inlet end of a corresponding cracking gas combustion furnace, a corresponding closing plate is arranged outside the air inlet end of the flame-retardant container through a corresponding elastic piece, one side of the closing plate, which is not connected with the elastic piece, is connected to the air outlet end of the flame-retardant container in a pulling mode through a pulling assembly made of combustibility, and the elastic piece is arranged in a tensioning mode; front separation unit and back separation unit, front separation unit contains the fron