Search

CN-122007133-A - Method for cooperatively disposing firework and firecracker production waste residue and aluminum ash

CN122007133ACN 122007133 ACN122007133 ACN 122007133ACN-122007133-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment and resource utilization, in particular to a method for cooperatively disposing waste residue and aluminum ash of firework and firecracker production, which comprises the following steps of mixing the waste residue and the aluminum ash of firework and firecracker production, adding alkali liquor for reaction, and releasing SO 2 gas in the reaction process; solid-liquid separation to obtain leaching solution and leaching slag, introducing the released SO 2 gas into the leaching solution, regulating pH, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain aluminum rich slag and aluminum removing liquid, carrying out weight and hardness removal treatment on the aluminum removing liquid to obtain purified slag and purified liquid, carrying out triple-effect countercurrent evaporation on the purified liquid to obtain mother solutions of sodium chloride, potassium chloride and potassium, returning the mother solution of potassium to the step S2 for pulp mixing, mixing condensed water with the leaching slag obtained in the step S3, carrying out pulp dissolving water washing to obtain water washing liquid and water washing slag, and returning the water washing liquid to the step S2 for pulp mixing. The invention can realize the green circulation of the solid waste through the cooperation of the two types of solid waste, and does not generate new waste.

Inventors

  • ZHANG XUEKAI
  • LIU YANYAN
  • YANG BENTAO
  • LI JUNJIE
  • JIANG ZHI

Assignees

  • 中冶长天国际工程有限责任公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260409

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The method for cooperatively disposing the firework and firecracker production waste residue and the aluminum ash is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1, mixing waste residues generated in firework and firecracker production with aluminum ash, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture; S2, adding alkali liquor into the mixture for reaction, and releasing SO 2 gas in the reaction process; s3, carrying out solid-liquid separation on the reacted slurry to obtain leaching liquid and leaching slag; S4, introducing SO 2 gas released in the step S2 into the leaching solution obtained in the step S3, adjusting pH, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain aluminum-rich slag and aluminum-removing liquid; s5, carrying out weight and hardness removal treatment on the aluminum removal liquid, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain purified slag and purified liquid; s6, performing three-effect countercurrent evaporation on the purifying liquid to obtain sodium chloride, condensed water and sodium mother liquor; S7, performing flash cooling on the sodium mother liquor to obtain potassium chloride and potassium mother liquor, and returning the potassium mother liquor to the step S2 for size mixing; And S8, mixing the condensed water obtained in the step S6 with the leaching residue obtained in the step S3, dissolving pulp, washing with water, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain washing liquid and washing residue, and returning the washing liquid to the step S2 for pulp mixing.
  2. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S1, the mixing weight ratio of the firework and firecracker production waste residue to the aluminum ash is 0.1-0.4:1.
  3. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the alkali solution is at least one of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, and potassium bicarbonate, and/or The concentration of the added alkali liquor is 5-20%, and/or The alkali solution is added in an amount to raise the pH of the solution to above 12.
  4. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the reaction temperature is 20-80 ℃, preferably 60-80 ℃, and the reaction liquid-solid ratio is 3-8:1, preferably 3-6:1; Preferably, aeration is carried out in the reaction system in the reaction process, and the gas introduced is air.
  5. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the solid-liquid separation is filtration, pressure filtration, suction filtration or centrifugation.
  6. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the pH of the leachate is adjusted to 6-8, preferably 5-20%, and/or the concentration of hydrochloric acid The obtained aluminum rich slag is used as an aluminum smelting raw material.
  7. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S5, the weight-removing and hard-removing treatment is specifically performed by adding a softening agent and a weight-removing agent into the aluminum-removing liquid, and stirring the mixture for reaction; preferably, the softening agent is sodium carbonate, the addition amount of the softening agent is 0.1-10% of the weight of the solution, the weight removing agent is at least one of sodium sulfide, organic sulfur and calcium polysulfide, and the addition amount of the weight removing agent is 0.1-10% of the weight of the solution.
  8. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the purified slag obtained in the step S5 is a mixture of calcium carbonate and heavy metal sulfides and is used as an additive for aluminum smelting by sintering.
  9. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S6, the three-effect countercurrent evaporation is performed by sequentially passing the purified solution through a three-effect reactor, a two-effect reactor and a one-effect reactor, wherein the temperature in the three-effect reactor is 20-60 ℃ (preferably 30-50 ℃), the temperature of the two-effect evaporation is 40-90 ℃ (preferably 50-80 ℃), the temperature of the one-effect evaporation is 70-105 ℃ (preferably 80-100 ℃), condensed water is obtained in the evaporation process, and the purified solution is discharged from the one-effect reactor into a thickener after being concentrated, so as to produce sodium chloride crystal salt and sodium mother liquor.
  10. 10. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S7, the flash cooling is specifically performed by treating sodium mother liquor through a flash evaporator, controlling the negative pressure of the flash evaporator to be more than 85kPa and the flash temperature to be 40-80 ℃, and/or The water-washed slag obtained in the step S8 is used as a building material raw material.

Description

Method for cooperatively disposing firework and firecracker production waste residue and aluminum ash Technical Field The invention relates to a solid waste disposal method, in particular to a method for cooperatively disposing waste residues and aluminum ash residues in firework and firecracker production, and belongs to the technical field of solid waste disposal and resource utilization. Background The waste residue of firework and firecracker production mainly originates from abandoned and dropped firework and firecracker products in production engineering, often contains perchlorate, aluminum powder, aluminum magnesium alloy powder, sulfur and the like, and at present, most soluble pollutants are separated by water-soluble sedimentation for the waste residue, and then bottom mud obtained by sedimentation is dried and burned to realize the stabilization and solidification of sulfur, metal dust and the like in solid waste. The method is simple, but is easy to cause secondary pollution, and especially the perchlorate with strong oxidability can cause water pollution. The aluminum ash is a harmful solid waste generated in the aluminum electrolysis and aluminum material processing process, and the main components of the aluminum ash comprise Al, alN, fluoride, chloride and the like, and harmful substances such as ammonia, hydrogen and the like are easy to generate in the stacking process, so that the problems of environmental pollution and stacking safety are extremely easy to cause. The conventional ash frying method has the problems of serious secondary pollution, low added value of products and the like, and the direct wet treatment of aluminum ash can generate pollution gases such as ammonia gas and the like, so the secondary pollution problem is also caused. Aiming at the disposal of the waste residues of fireworks and crackers, chinese patent CN115254916A discloses a treatment method of the dangerous waste residues of fireworks and crackers, which mainly comprises the steps of firstly preparing the waste residues into slurry, then carrying out vibration washing and air floatation treatment, then filtering, separating sulfur powder from charcoal powder and metal powder, separating pulp residues, mud and sand, and finally separating the charcoal powder from the metal powder to realize the recovery of resources. However, the method has the problem that the sulfur powder and the metal powder can be tightly wrapped with other components of the slurry, and the recovery rate is not high. In addition, chinese patent CN108787703a discloses a method for treating firework setting-off waste, which comprises pulping, steaming, antistatic treatment, ultrasonic treatment, and solid-liquid separation steps, wherein sodium hydroxide is added in the steaming process to alkaline leach out metal components in waste residues, and then recycling treatment is performed. However, this method has a problem that the leachate is difficult to dispose. For example, chinese patent CN120133297a discloses a device and a process for recycling perchlorate in firework and firecracker waste, which comprises the steps of primary water washing, primary solid-liquid separation, concentration, secondary water washing, secondary solid-liquid separation and crystallization, and can realize separation, recycling and utilization of perchlorate, aluminum powder and other substances in solid waste, and simultaneously, perform harmless treatment on waste residues, thereby reducing environmental pollution. The method mainly utilizes multistage washing and membrane concentration to realize the enrichment crystallization of perchlorate, thereby realizing recycling. This method only performed the recovery of perchlorate. Aiming at the disposal of aluminum ash, chinese patent CN115947359A discloses a method for preparing aluminum hydroxide by utilizing aluminum-containing waste, which takes aluminum ash as a raw material, adopts a two-stage alkaline leaching and carbon decomposition process, and removes impurities and harmful components in the aluminum ash through alkaline washing, concentrated alkaline leaching, filtrate blending, carbon decomposition and water washing purification steps, and recovers the aluminum hydroxide product. However, the alkali decomposition process of the aluminum ash is likely to form ammonia nitrogen pollution. Chinese patent CN117920724a discloses a method for removing nitrogen from aluminum ash by using normal temperature environmental acid, which adopts a normal temperature environmental acid treatment method, grinds aluminum ash and grinding aid by a ball mill, dips into tap water and introduces carbon dioxide gas to form saturated carbon dioxide solution, absorbs ammonia gas, then uses citric acid and hydrochloric acid to remove impurities, converts into aluminum chloride, and realizes nitrogen removal and resource recycling of aluminum ash. The method can effectively prevent ammonia nitrogen from escaping, but the aci