CN-122007313-A - Back pressure controllable type forging die for fixed vortex plate of automobile air conditioner compressor

CN122007313ACN 122007313 ACN122007313 ACN 122007313ACN-122007313-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a backpressure-controllable forging die for a fixed vortex disc of an automobile air conditioner compressor, wherein a forming upper die and an upper die core are connected through hot press fit to form an upper die whole, a lower die part comprises a forming female die, a female die sleeve, a female die prestress ring and a female die outer ring, the forming female die, the female die prestress ring and the female die outer ring are sequentially connected through hot press fit, the problem of surface quality defect of a forging piece caused by unsmooth exhaust can be solved through a modular structure, a backpressure mechanism pushes a piston through a hydraulic system, the backpressure is transmitted to a backpressure body through a push rod, the hydraulic system can adjust proper backpressure according to the size of the forging piece, and the forging piece is formed more reliably. The invention innovatively introduces a hydraulic system, so that the back pressure has adjustable capability, the scroll forging has good contour on the axial contour, the dimensional accuracy is obviously improved, meanwhile, the invention adopts a modularized design, thereby facilitating the disassembly, assembly and replacement of each part, effectively reducing the maintenance cost, and realizing the improvement of the production efficiency and the optimization of the production cost.

Inventors

SUN YU
ZHANG YUN
WANG YU
WU KAI
CAO CHUNPING

Assignees

南京理工大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260316
Priority Date: 20251231

Claims (7)

1. The forging die for the fixed vortex disc of the back pressure controllable automobile air conditioner compressor is characterized by comprising an upper die structure, a lower die structure, a back pressure structure and a supporting structure; The bottom end outline of the upper die structure is matched with the outer outline of the scroll product, and the upper die structure is used for forming a blank into the scroll product when the lower die structure is matched with the lower die structure; The lower die structure is provided with a vortex-shaped female die cavity and a spiral protrusion structure consistent with the outline of a groove body of a vortex disc product, and is provided with an exhaust structure for exhausting extruded gas in the forming process; The support structure is used for fixing a static part and guiding a moving part of the back pressure structure; The back pressure structure includes: the force transmission pin is arranged between the back pressure cushion block and the back pressure body and is used for transmitting back pressure and material returning thrust; the guiding and material returning backing plate is used for supporting the lower die structure and guiding the force transmission pin; The back pressure cushion block is used for supporting the force transmission pin and can slide up and down relative to the supporting structure; The back pressure ejector rod is arranged between the piston and the back pressure cushion block and is used for transmitting hydraulic pressure received by the piston to the back pressure cushion block to form back pressure; the piston is used for supporting the back pressure ejector rod and can slide upwards under the action of hydraulic pressure to provide preset back pressure for the back pressure body; the material returning pin is arranged at the lower end of the back pressure cushion block and can move upwards to eject the formed vortex plate product out of the die cavity of the lower die structure; The back pressure body is in clearance fit with the vortex-shaped female die cavity of the forming female die, the upper end face is flush with the spiral protruding structure of the lower die structure, the back pressure body can move upwards under the action of back pressure to regulate and control the flow speed of the vortex plate blank in the vortex direction, the height of the formed vortex body in the extending direction is kept consistent, and the back pressure body moves downwards along with the descending process of the upper die structure to be flush with the forming female die, so that the blank metal fills the die cavity of the lower die structure.
2. The back pressure controllable automotive air conditioner compressor fixed scroll forging die as set forth in claim 1, wherein the hole system layout is as follows: the outline of the outer ring of the vortex-shaped die cavity is uniformly distributed at intervals of 45 degrees, the outline of the inner ring of the vortex-shaped die cavity is distributed by taking a central cross datum line as a reference, wherein the transverse datum line corresponds to 2 hole sites, and the longitudinal datum line distributes 4 hole sites.
3. The back pressure controllable type automobile air conditioner compressor fixed scroll forging die is characterized in that the lower die structure comprises a die sleeve, a die outer ring, a forming die and a die pre-stressing ring, the forming die is arranged in the die pre-stressing ring, the die pre-stressing ring is arranged in the die outer ring, and the die sleeve is arranged in the die outer ring and is arranged at the upper ends of the forming die and the die pre-stressing ring.
4. The forging die for the back pressure controllable type automobile air conditioner compressor fixed scroll is characterized in that the upper end of an outer ring of a die sleeve is small, the lower end of the outer ring of the die sleeve is large, two sections of central holes are formed in the outer ring of the die, the upper section of the central hole is an annular hole with the small upper section and the large lower end, the lower section of the central hole is a circular hole, a step surface is formed between the two sections of the central holes, the die sleeve is positioned in the upper section of the central hole of the outer ring of the die, the upper end of the die sleeve is flush with the upper end of the die sleeve after the die sleeve is assembled with the outer ring of the die, the lower end of the die sleeve protrudes out of the upper section of the central hole, a plurality of vertical exhaust grooves are uniformly formed in the outer ring of the die, the bottoms of the exhaust grooves are communicated with the step hole, the die pre-stressing ring is positioned in the lower section of the central hole, only an air circulation seam is reserved between the lower end of the die sleeve and the upper end of a forming die, and the lower end of the die sleeve is provided with a conical transition surface and communicated with the step hole.
5. The forging die for the fixed scroll of the back pressure controllable automobile air conditioner compressor according to claim 3, wherein the lower die structure is assembled in the sequence that the forming female die and the female die prestress ring are first subjected to hot press fit to form a group of hot press fit pieces, then the female die sleeve and the female die outer ring are subjected to hot press fit to form another group of hot press fit pieces, and finally the two groups of hot press fit pieces are subjected to integral hot press, so that the lower die assembly is completed.
6. The back pressure controllable type automobile air conditioner compressor fixed scroll forging die is characterized in that the upper die structure comprises an upper die core, a forming upper die and an upper die sleeve, the upper die core is pressed into the forming upper die in a hot mode, the forming upper die is pressed into the upper die sleeve in a hot mode, a positioning flat key A is arranged on the forming upper die and used for achieving circumferential positioning between the forming upper die and the upper die sleeve, the positioning flat keys A are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the forming upper die, and the key width sizes of the positioning flat keys A on two sides are different.
7. The back pressure controllable type automobile air conditioner compressor fixed scroll forging die is characterized in that the supporting structure comprises a locating sleeve, a pressure block, an upper cushion block, a lower cushion block and a piston supporting ring, the piston supporting ring is fixed with the lower end of the lower cushion block to form a bottom assembly, the piston supporting ring is connected with an external hydraulic system, the lower cushion block, the upper cushion block and the pressure block are radially located and connected through locating pins and are sequentially stacked from bottom to top in the axial direction, and the locating sleeve is axially located with a material returning base plate through a locating flat key B and is in hot press fit with the guide base plate and the material returning base plate, and is integrally arranged above the pressure block.

Description

Back pressure controllable type forging die for fixed vortex plate of automobile air conditioner compressor Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of metal plastic forming, in particular to a forging die for a static vortex plate of a back pressure controllable automobile air conditioner compressor. Background The application fields of the scroll compressor comprise air conditioning refrigeration, gas delivery, engine supercharging, vacuum systems and the like. The key component is an movable vortex plate and a static vortex plate, the side wall of the vortex ring of the two is composed of involute curved surfaces. The rotary translation of the movable disk relative to the static disk is carried out during operation, so that the processes of medium suction, compression and discharge are continuously completed. The part produced by the plastic forming flow control technology can not only greatly improve the production efficiency and the material utilization rate, but also obviously improve the mechanical property of the part. The technology is widely applied to the field of forming various parts abroad. In recent years, the introduction of such techniques in the formation of a scroll has also begun in China. The integrated automobile air conditioner compressor scroll back pressure forming die and the process method thereof provided by the patent 202311274267.5 are single in die structure, are easy to cause die fracture due to stress concentration, lack an exhaust space and influence the surface quality of scroll forgings. The patent 202110642150.2 discloses a double-side vortex plate static plate forming die and a double-side vortex plate static plate forming method for an air conditioner compressor, which adopt a two-process forming method of pre-forging blank and then forward and backward combined extrusion final forging. However, the design has the defects that firstly, the production cost is increased and the development period is prolonged by a two-process forming method, secondly, the accurate control is difficult to realize by adopting a mode of compressing an elastomer to provide back pressure, and the pressure cannot be flexibly adjusted according to the requirement of a product forming process. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a backpressure-controllable forging die for a fixed scroll of an automobile air conditioner compressor, which is used for solving the problems of reliability of the quality of a forging product during the formation of a scroll and shorter service lives of an upper die and a lower die of the die. The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a forging die for a static vortex disc of a back pressure controllable automobile air conditioner compressor comprises an upper die structure, a lower die structure, a back pressure structure and a supporting structure; The bottom end outline of the upper die structure is matched with the outer outline of the scroll product, and the upper die structure is used for forming a blank into the scroll product when the lower die structure is matched with the lower die structure; The lower die structure is provided with a vortex-shaped female die cavity and a spiral protrusion structure consistent with the outline of a groove body of a vortex disc product, and is provided with an exhaust structure for exhausting extruded gas in the forming process; The support structure is used for fixing a static part and guiding a moving part of the back pressure structure; The back pressure structure includes: the force transmission pin is arranged between the back pressure cushion block and the back pressure body and is used for transmitting back pressure and material returning thrust; the guiding and material returning backing plate is used for supporting the lower die structure and guiding the force transmission pin; The back pressure cushion block is used for supporting the force transmission pin and can slide up and down relative to the supporting structure; The back pressure ejector rod is arranged between the piston and the back pressure cushion block and is used for transmitting hydraulic pressure received by the piston to the back pressure cushion block to form back pressure; the piston is used for supporting the back pressure ejector rod and can slide upwards under the action of hydraulic pressure to provide preset back pressure for the back pressure body; the material returning pin is arranged at the lower end of the back pressure cushion block and can move upwards to eject the formed vortex plate product out of the die cavity of the lower die structure; The back pressure body is in clearance fit with the vortex-shaped female die cavity of the forming female die, the upper end face is flush with the spiral protruding structure of the lower die structure, the back pressure body can move upwards under the action of back pressure to regulate and control the flow speed of the v