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CN-122007383-A - Efficient impact type decoring machine and decoring method

CN122007383ACN 122007383 ACN122007383 ACN 122007383ACN-122007383-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-efficiency impact type core removing machine and a core removing method, wherein the device comprises a core removing machine frame, two core breaking assemblies arranged at the top end of the core removing machine frame and a supporting assembly arranged below the core breaking assemblies, wherein the core breaking assemblies are used for applying impact and vibration to castings to enable internal core sand to be broken and separated from the castings, and the supporting assemblies are used for supporting and stabilizing the castings in the core removing process.

Inventors

  • GUO JIANWEI
  • ZONG ZHIQIANG
  • CHEN ZIHAN
  • GUO LI
  • WANG CHUNFENG
  • LI JINHENG
  • WANG ZHICHENG
  • XIA ZHENGXUAN
  • JIANG HUI

Assignees

  • 南京信息职业技术学院
  • 江苏力旷智能科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260409

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The efficient impact type core removing machine is characterized by comprising a core removing machine frame (3), two core breaking assemblies (1) arranged at the top end of the core removing machine frame (3) and a supporting assembly (2) arranged below the core breaking assemblies, wherein the core breaking assemblies (1) are used for applying impact and vibration to castings to enable core sand in the castings to be broken and separated from the castings, and the supporting assembly (2) is used for supporting and stabilizing the castings in the core removing process.
  2. 2. The efficient impact type decoring machine according to claim 1, wherein the core breaking assembly (1) comprises a base plate (4), a middle cylinder (12) vertically installed at the middle position of the base plate (4), a first cylinder mechanism (9) and a second cylinder mechanism (10) installed at two sides of the middle cylinder (12), guide posts (5) vertically penetrating through four corners of the base plate (4) and fixed, a compaction plate (8) located below the base plate (4), and a plurality of punches (14) installed on the lower surface of the compaction plate (8) in an array mode; the part of the guide post (5) above the bottom plate (4) is sleeved with a linear bearing (6), and the linear bearing (6) is fixedly connected with the bottom plate (4) and forms a linear guide pair with the guide post (5); The pressing plate (8) is rigidly connected with the lower ends of the four guide posts (5) through four shaft end fixing parts (7) and can move in the vertical direction under the constraint of the guide pair; the first cylinder mechanism (9) and the second cylinder mechanism (10) comprise cylinder rods (11) which extend vertically downwards, round holes are formed in the positions, corresponding to the cylinder rods (11), of the compression plates (8), the cylinder rods (11) penetrate through the corresponding round holes formed in the compression plates (8), and the cylinder rods (11) are used for executing high-frequency impact and vibration actions under the driving of the cylinders and act on castings or transfer energy through tool heads; the middle cylinder (12) comprises a piston rod, the piston rod extends downwards and is connected with the central area of the compacting plate (8) through a floating joint (13) for providing main closing force and driving the compacting plate (8) to move downwards so as to compact castings; The punch (14) is used to directly contact and position a specific part of the casting during compaction to prevent the casting from shifting during impact.
  3. 3. The efficient impact type decoring machine according to claim 2, wherein the supporting assembly (2) comprises a horizontally arranged supporting tube (15) with both ends fixed on the decoring machine frame (3) and four supporting and fixing assemblies (16) uniformly distributed and fixed along the length direction of the supporting tube (15), Two core breaking columns (18) are vertically and upwards arranged on each supporting and fixing assembly (16), and the core breaking columns (18) are used for propping up the bottom of the casting from bottom to top and participating in breaking core sand when the core breaking assemblies (1) are pressed down; And the left side and the right side of each supporting and fixing assembly (16) are respectively provided with a screw rod (17), and the screw rods (17) are used for providing auxiliary support and fine adjustment of the horizontal position of the casting, so that the casting is ensured to be stably supported at a precise preset position and aligned with the punch (14) of the upper core assembly (1).
  4. 4. A high efficiency impact decoring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the decoring machine frame (3) comprises a base bracket (19), a connecting frame and an opening and closing assembly; The connecting frame is positioned at the uppermost part of the decoring machine frame (3) and comprises a frame (22) and guard plates (21) which are respectively and vertically arranged at the left end and the right end of the frame (22), the frame (22) is used for installing two core breaking assemblies (1), and the two guard plates (21) are connected through a horizontal connecting column (28); The opening and closing assembly is located at the left side and the right side of the decoring machine frame (3) and comprises an air cylinder (20), a connecting block (24) and a rotating block (25) which are arranged on a base support (19), a piston rod of the air cylinder (20) is connected with a guard plate (21) at the same side through the connecting block (24), and drives the guard plate (21) and the whole core breaking assembly (1) to rotate around a rotating shaft of the rotating block (25) for opening and closing of castings.
  5. 5. The efficient impact type decoring machine according to claim 4, further comprising a locking mechanism (26) installed between the lower portion of the guard plate (21) and the base frame (19), wherein the locking mechanism (26) is used for acting to rigidly lock the guard plate (21) and the base frame (19) when the core breaking assembly (1) is folded to the working position, and ensuring stable structure during decoring operation.
  6. 6. A high efficiency impact decoring machine according to claim 4, further comprising a funnel (27) mounted directly under the core breaking assembly (1) and support assembly (2), the funnel (27) opening covering the whole working area for receiving and guiding all core sand falling out of the casting.
  7. 7. The efficient impact type decoring machine as claimed in claim 6, further comprising a photo-electric bracket (23) installed at a front side edge of the hopper (27) for installing a photo-electric sensor to monitor a working area for foreign matters or to detect whether a casting is put in place.
  8. 8. The efficient impact type decoring machine according to claim 6, further comprising a pneumatic control cabinet installed at the side of the decoring machine frame (3), wherein a pneumatic control system is integrated inside the pneumatic control cabinet for centrally controlling sequential actions, pressures and speeds of all cylinders.
  9. 9. A high efficiency impact decoring machine according to claim 5, characterized in that the locking mechanism (26) is screw-locked and supports manual elimination of the degree of freedom between the cover plate (21) and the base frame (19) in the closed position, forming a rigid connection.
  10. 10. A decoring method using the high-efficiency impact decoring machine of any one of claims 1-9, characterized by comprising the steps of: the core breaking assembly (1) is opened through the opening and closing assembly, the casting is placed on the supporting assembly (2) and is adjusted and positioned, and the core breaking assembly (1) is folded and locked by the locking mechanism (26); The middle cylinder (12) drives the compaction plate (8) to descend, the casting is compacted by the punch (14), and the core breaking column (18) of the supporting component (2) is propped against the bottom of the casting; The first cylinder mechanism (9) and the second cylinder mechanism (10) are started to drive the cylinder rod (11) to impact and vibrate the casting for decoring, and the core breaking column (18) assists core breaking from bottom to top; The core sand falls into a hopper (27) and is collected; after the decoring is completed, the locking mechanism (26) is loosened, the opening and closing assembly is opened, and the decored casting is taken out, so that automatic circulation operation is realized.

Description

Efficient impact type decoring machine and decoring method Technical Field The invention relates to a decoring machine and a decoring method, in particular to a high-efficiency impact decoring machine and a decoring method, and belongs to the technical field of casting post-treatment. Background In casting production, after demolding, the casting has to be cleaned of the core sand remaining in the cavity formed by the sand core in order to meet the subsequent processing or use requirements. The traditional cleaning method mainly relies on manual knocking by using tools such as hammers, chisels and the like, or adopts a simple vibrating table for knocking. The mode has the obvious defects of high labor intensity, low efficiency, unstable cleaning effect and potential safety hazard of manual operation, easy damage or deformation of the surface of the casting by the vibrating table, poor cleaning effect on the complex inner cavity and difficult adaptation to flexible production requirements of multiple varieties and small batches. Some existing automatic decoring equipment is often complex in structure, inconvenient to adjust or poor in universality only aiming at specific casting design. In addition, the rapid and accurate positioning and clamping of the castings, as well as the efficient transfer and controlled release of impact energy during decoring remain a technical difficulty. Therefore, there is a need for an automated decoring apparatus that is highly integrated, flexible to operate, capable of effectively protecting castings, and efficient to clean. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a high-efficiency impact type decoring machine and a decoring method capable of improving core sand decoring efficiency of castings. The high-efficiency impact type core removing machine comprises a core removing machine frame, two core breaking assemblies arranged at the top end of the core removing machine frame and a supporting assembly arranged below the core breaking assemblies, wherein the core breaking assemblies are used for applying impact and vibration to castings to enable core sand in the castings to be broken and separated from the castings, and the supporting assembly is used for supporting and stabilizing the castings in the core removing process. Further, the core breaking assembly comprises a bottom plate, a middle air cylinder vertically arranged at the middle position of the bottom plate, a first air cylinder mechanism and a second air cylinder mechanism which are arranged at two sides of the middle air cylinder, guide posts which vertically penetrate through four corners of the bottom plate and are fixed, a compacting plate positioned below the bottom plate, and a plurality of punches arranged on the lower surface of the compacting plate in an array mode; the part of the guide post above the bottom plate is sleeved with a linear bearing, and the linear bearing is fixedly connected with the bottom plate and forms a linear guide pair with the guide post; The compressing plate is rigidly connected with the lower ends of the four guide posts through four shaft end fixing parts and can move in the vertical direction under the constraint of the guide pair; The first cylinder mechanism and the second cylinder mechanism comprise cylinder rods which extend vertically downwards, round holes are formed in positions of the pressing plates relative to the cylinder rods, the cylinder rods penetrate through corresponding round holes formed in the pressing plates, and the cylinder rods are used for executing high-frequency impact and vibration actions under the driving of the cylinders and act on castings or transfer energy through tool heads; The middle cylinder comprises a piston rod, the piston rod extends downwards and is connected with the central area of the compacting plate through a floating joint, and the piston rod is used for providing main closing force and driving the compacting plate to move downwards so as to compact the casting; the punch is used for directly contacting and positioning a specific part of the casting during the compaction process and preventing the casting from shifting during the impact process. Further, the supporting component comprises a horizontally arranged supporting pipe with two ends fixed on the framework of the decoring machine and four supporting and fixing components uniformly distributed and fixed along the length direction of the supporting pipe, Two core breaking columns are vertically and upwards arranged on each supporting and fixing assembly, and the core breaking columns are used for propping up the bottom of the casting from bottom to top and participating in breaking core sand when the core breaking assemblies are pressed down; and the left side and the right side of each supporting and fixing assembly are respectively provided with a screw rod, and the screw rods are used for providing auxiliary support and fine adjustment of the horizontal pos