CN-122007428-A - Metal powder preparation device and preparation method

CN122007428ACN 122007428 ACN122007428 ACN 122007428ACN-122007428-A

Abstract

The invention provides a metal powder preparation device and a preparation method, wherein the device comprises a metal melting part, the metal melting part is used for melting a metal material to obtain metal melt, the atomizing part is communicated with the metal melting part and comprises an atomizer, an air supply part and an atomizing chamber, the air supply part is communicated with the atomizer, the atomizer is used for atomizing the metal melt, the air supply part is used for introducing preheated inert gas and thermal cracking precursor mixed gas into the atomizer, the atomized metal enters the atomizing chamber for cooling, and the collecting part is used for collecting the cooled metal powder. The preheated inert gas and the thermal cracking precursor are introduced into the atomizer through the gas supply part, so that the atomization effect is improved, the sphericity of powder is improved, meanwhile, the influence on the metal temperature is small at the moment of droplet atomization, and the thermal cracking reaction of the thermal cracking precursor occurs when the thermal cracking precursor contacts with the metal droplets with higher temperature, so that metal powder with a coating structure or doped substances is formed, and the adhesion between the powder is prevented from forming satellite powder.

Inventors

FENG QINGKANG
YU QINGKAI

Assignees

上海氢田新材料科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260303

Claims (10)

1. A metal powder production apparatus, characterized in that the apparatus comprises: a metal melting part for melting a metal material to obtain a molten metal; The atomization part is communicated with the metal melting part and comprises an atomizer, a gas supply part and an atomization chamber, wherein the gas supply part is communicated with the atomizer, the atomizer is used for atomizing the metal melt entering the atomizer, inert gas and preheated thermal cracking precursor are introduced into the atomizer by the gas supply part, so that the metal solution forms metal powder in a coated state or containing doped substances during atomization, and the atomized metal enters the atomization chamber for cooling; And the collecting part is communicated with the atomizing chamber and is used for collecting the cooled metal powder.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the gas supply section comprises a first gas tank, a second gas tank, and a preheating device, the first gas tank and the second gas tank are connected to the preheating device, the inert gas outputted from the first gas tank flows into the atomizer after passing through the preheating device, and the thermal cracking precursor outputted from the second gas tank flows into the atomizer after being heated by the preheating device.
3. The apparatus for producing metal powder according to claim 2, wherein the preheating means is one of induction heating, radiation heating, resistance heating, and plasma heating.
4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the atomizing unit further comprises a draught fan and a cyclone separator, the draught fan is connected to the cyclone separator, and the cyclone separator is connected to the atomizing chamber, so that atomized metal droplets in the atomizing chamber are rapidly cooled to form metal powder in a coating state or containing a doped substance, and preliminary particle size classification is performed on the product.
5. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the collecting part comprises a first receiving tank and a second receiving tank, the first receiving tank is installed at the bottom of the cyclone separator, and the second receiving tank is installed at the bottom of the atomizing chamber.
6. A method for preparing a metal powder, characterized by being applied to the device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, for preparing a metal powder with high laser absorptivity and/or high fluidity, comprising the steps of: vacuumizing the device, filling inert gas into the atomizer to normal pressure through the gas supply part, and melting the metal material by the metal melting part to obtain metal liquid drops; Filling inert gas and thermal cracking precursor which are preheated to a first temperature into the atomizer through the gas supply part, atomizing the metal liquid drops after the mixed gas enters the atomizer, and further heating the thermal cracking precursor on the surfaces of the metal liquid drops and coating or doping thermal cracking reaction cracking products on the surfaces of the metal liquid drops; the coated or doped metal liquid drops enter an atomization chamber to be cooled, and then the cooled metal powder is collected through a collecting part.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the thermally cracked precursor comprises at least one of a silicon hydride gas, a hydrocarbon gas, a boron hydride gas, ammonia borane and derivatives thereof, boron trichloride, borazine, boron oxide, sodium borohydride.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the first temperature is lower than a thermal cracking temperature of the thermal cracking precursor, and wherein the first temperature is in a range of between 100 ℃ and 800 ℃.
9. The method of producing a metal powder according to claim 8, wherein the metal material comprises at least one of titanium and titanium alloy, copper and copper alloy, aluminum and aluminum alloy, iron and iron alloy, nickel and nickel alloy, and the like.
10. The method according to claim 6, wherein the inert gas comprises a single gas such as argon, nitrogen, hydrogen, helium, or a mixture thereof.

Description

Metal powder preparation device and preparation method Technical Field The specification relates to the technical field of metal powder preparation, in particular to a metal powder preparation device and a metal powder preparation method. Background Spherical metal powder has very wide application scenes in the front manufacturing fields such as 3D printing, injection molding and the like, and in the present stage, an aerosolization method is a main stream method for preparing metal powder for 3D printing in a low-cost and large-scale manner, but the method has a plurality of limitations, such as that metals with high laser reflectivity such as gold, silver, copper and the like are unfavorable for 3D printing molding, the current method for improving the laser absorptivity is to post-process and mix materials with high laser absorptivity by ball milling, homogenization and other methods to obtain composite powder with high laser absorptivity, but the composite powder is easy to oxidize, mix impurities and the like in the post-process, the particle size powder yield of the obtained metal powder suitable for 3D printing is low, and the metal powder with different particle sizes is obtained in the powder preparation process by the aerosolization method, and is easy to adhere to generate satellite powder due to different cooling time. Disclosure of Invention In view of this, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a metal powder preparation apparatus and a preparation method, in which preheated inert gas and thermal cracking precursor are introduced into an atomizer through a gas supply portion, the preheated inert gas is beneficial to improving atomization effect, improving sphericity and powder yield of powder, and meanwhile, the impact on metal temperature is small at the moment of droplet atomization, and thermal cracking reaction occurs when the thermal cracking precursor contacts with metal droplets at a higher temperature, so as to form functional metal powder with a coating structure or containing doped substances, and prevent adhesion between the powders from forming satellite powder. The embodiment of the specification provides the following technical scheme that a metal powder preparation device comprises: a metal melting part for melting a metal material to obtain a molten metal; The atomization part is communicated with the metal melting part and comprises an atomizer, a gas supply part and an atomization chamber, wherein the gas supply part is communicated with the atomizer, the atomizer is used for atomizing the metal melt entering the atomizer, inert gas and preheated thermal cracking precursor are introduced into the atomizer by the gas supply part, so that the metal solution forms metal powder in a coated state or containing doped substances during atomization, and the atomized metal enters the atomization chamber for cooling; And the collecting part is communicated with the atomizing chamber and is used for collecting the cooled metal powder. Preferably, the gas supply part comprises a first gas storage tank, a second gas storage tank and a preheating device, wherein the first gas storage tank and the second gas storage tank are both connected with the preheating device, inert gas output by the first gas storage tank flows into the atomizer after passing through the preheating device, and thermal cracking precursor output by the second gas storage tank flows into the atomizer after being heated by the preheating device. Preferably, the preheating device is heated by one of induction heating, radiation heating, resistance heating or plasma heating. Preferably, the atomization part further comprises an induced draft fan and a cyclone separator, the induced draft fan is connected with the cyclone separator, and the cyclone separator is communicated with the atomization chamber, so that atomized metal liquid drops in the atomization chamber are rapidly cooled to form metal powder in a coating state or containing doped substances, and primary particle size classification is carried out on the product. . Preferably, the collecting part comprises a first collecting tank and a second collecting tank, the first collecting tank is arranged at the bottom of the cyclone separator, and the second collecting tank is arranged at the bottom of the atomizing chamber. A method for preparing metal powder, applied to the device of any one of the above, for preparing metal powder with high laser absorptivity and/or high fluidity, comprising the following steps: vacuumizing the device, filling inert gas into the atomizer to normal pressure through the gas supply part, and melting the metal material by the metal melting part to obtain metal liquid drops; Filling inert gas and thermal cracking precursor which are preheated to a first temperature into the atomizer through the gas supply part, atomizing the metal liquid drops after the mixed gas enters the atomizer, and further heating the thermal cracking p