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CN-122007459-A - Active chip breaking device integrating position adjustment and chip grabbing and cutting

CN122007459ACN 122007459 ACN122007459 ACN 122007459ACN-122007459-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of machining, and particularly relates to a cutting chip breaking device with active power. The device comprises an upper shell, a lower shell, a direct current speed regulating motor, a cutting and beating cutter head, a saw-tooth cross grabbing rod, a saw-tooth cantilever, a cutter rest, a turning tool, a protective cover, a base and a pyramid guide block, wherein the direct current speed regulating motor is arranged on the fixed frame, the speed regulating unit is composed of a speed changing unit, a position adjusting unit and a chip breaking unit, the speed changing unit forms a speed changing reversing structure through a bevel gear structure, the left and right sliding mechanism adopts a guide rail-gear rack mechanism to realize position adjustment, and the capturing and chip breaking unit is composed of saw teeth and a cutting and beating disc. The invention adjusts according to different cutter angles and cutting amounts, and simultaneously adjusts the rotating position in time through the design of the gear rack and the guide rail guide block so as to move left and right. Through the integration of the units, the chip breaking device can adapt to different working conditions, and effectively improves the chip breaking efficiency and reliability.

Inventors

  • WANG GUANGYUE
  • Ying Jianzhou
  • CHEN TAO
  • XU WENYUAN

Assignees

  • 哈尔滨理工大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260412

Claims (6)

  1. 1. The active chip breaking device for integrated adjustment and grabbing cutting is characterized by comprising a lower gearbox shell (11), an upper gearbox shell (12), a direct current speed regulating motor (30), a cutting and beating disc (20), knife rests (4, 5 and 6), a turning tool (31), a protective cover (25), a fixing plate (1), a chip guide block (8), a saw blade (21), a guide block (2) and two output shafts (17 and 18) of a transmission, wherein the direct current speed regulating motor (30) is arranged on a motor fixing frame (29), the direct current speed regulating motor (30) is connected with the cutting and beating disc (20) through a transmission structure, the protective cover (25) is arranged on the outer side of the cutting and beating disc (20), the lower gearbox shell (11) is arranged on a fixing plate (1), the chip guide block (8) is arranged behind the turning tool (31), the chip guide block (8) is located below the cutting and is matched with the guide rail (3) through the guide block (2) and meshed with a gear (27) to achieve left-right movement through the guide block (26), manual position adjustment is performed through a knob (28), and when the left-right adjustment is performed through a sliding unit (33) and a chip breaking unit is arranged on the speed regulating unit.
  2. 2. The chip breaking unit of the chip breaking device with the integrated grabbing and cutting saw tooth arm according to claim 1, wherein a guide block (8) in the chip breaking unit is provided with an inclined plane for guiding chips to a specific position in a cutter head of a grabbing hook for cutting, the chip breaking unit is composed of a cross saw tooth rotary blade (21) grabbing a saw tooth cantilever (22) and a cutting cutter head (20), the cross saw tooth rotary blade (21) and the cutting cutter head (20) are powered through a transmission structure and are regulated through the lower guide block and the position regulating unit, and the cross saw tooth rotary blade (21) and the cutting cutter head (20) are main working components.
  3. 3. The speed changing unit of the chip breaking device with the grabbing and cutting saw tooth arm according to claim 1, wherein the transmission structure of the speed changing unit is composed of 5 gears, wherein an input shaft driving conical gear (19) is matched with an upper speed changing gear (10) for speed reduction, the upper speed changing gear (10) is connected with a lower speed changing gear (13) below through an upper transmission shaft (37), the lower speed changing gear (13) is meshed with a reversing saw tooth cantilever output gear (14) to form a two-stage speed changing, meanwhile, the upper speed changing gear (10) is meshed with an output shaft driven conical gear to be the original rotating speed, so that motor power is transmitted to two output shafts (17, 18), and the two output shafts (17, 18) have the functions of speed changing and forward and reverse rotation.
  4. 4. The position adjusting unit of the chip breaking device with the integrated grabbing and cutting saw-tooth arms according to claim 1 is characterized in that the device is large in weight and size, left and right movement is achieved through a transmission design of a guide rail (3), a guide block (2), a gear (27) and a rack (26), a fixed plate (1) is mounted on a tool apron, the rack (26) and the guide rail (3) are mounted on the fixed plate (1), a straight gear and the guide block (2) are mounted on the fixed plate (1) through the fixed plate (1), a direct current speed regulating motor (30) is fixed on the fixed plate (1) through a motor fixing frame (29) and connected with a transmission mechanism, and a left and right movement part is adjusted in a left and right movement mode through a knob (28) connected with the straight gear and is covered when the left and right movement is achieved through a sliding plate (33).
  5. 5. Chip breaking unit according to claim 2, characterized in that the cross-shaped saw tooth blades (21) are made of acrylic plates, the saw teeth covering most of the blades. The grabbing saw tooth cantilever (22) is connected with the grabbing saw tooth cantilever through a screw, four saw tooth cantilevers are arranged on the cross saw tooth rotary blade (21), and the grabbing saw tooth cantilever is fixed on the cross saw tooth rotary blade (21) to rotate.
  6. 6. A gear change unit according to claim 3, characterized in that the ratio of the number of teeth of the input shaft driving bevel gear (19) to the upper gear change (10) is 1:2, the ratio of the number of teeth of the lower gear change (13) to the inverted saw tooth cantilever output gear (14) is 1:1.5, resulting in a two-stage gear change ratio of 1:3.

Description

Active chip breaking device integrating position adjustment and chip grabbing and cutting Technical Field The invention belongs to the field of machining, and particularly relates to a cutting chip breaking device with active power. Background Turning is a key process in machine manufacturing, and how to reasonably break chips is a critical aspect. In the cutting process, two types of harmful chips are mainly generated, namely, the broken chips are easy to cause personnel mechanical injury due to splash kinetic energy and accelerate the abrasion of a guide surface of a machine tool, and the winding type chips are unstable in flow and are mainly caused by the fluctuation of cutting force, uneven cutting temperature and the change of the contact state of a cutter and the chips, so that the chip is irregular in shape and the movement track, easy to wind a cutter or a workpiece, and the machining vibration, the surface quality deterioration and the abnormal abrasion of the cutter are caused. The low density packing of the two types of chips together adds significantly to the cost of scrap disposal. The current mainstream geometric constraint chip breaking technology (such as chip breaker structure) has the intrinsic limitation that the passive working principle is difficult to dynamically adapt to the angle change of a cutter and the adjustment of cutting parameters, so that the chip breaking efficiency is reduced. In particular, in the finishing stage, the insufficient chip breaking stability of the conventional device has become a key bottleneck for limiting the improvement of the machining quality. The novel chip breaking device such as vibration and high-pressure fluid is too complex, the surface quality of a workpiece after cutting can be reduced due to improper use, a great amount of manpower and material resource time is required for the most stable adjustment of cutting parameters, the efficiency is low, and in an external active power chip breaking device, chip grabbing is a core link. The accurate snatch can ensure that the chip breaking action is effectively triggered, avoids the ribbon chip to wind the cutter or the workpiece because of flowing out of control, and reduces the processing risk. The stable grabbing energy is matched with the power output of the device, chips are broken and discharged according to a preset track, the continuous operation of a processing system is ensured, the service life of a cutter and the surface quality of a workpiece are improved, and the cutting device is a key premise for realizing efficient and safe cutting. The chip breaking problem is that a chip breaking device integrating grabbing and cutting functions is required to be designed, so that the machining efficiency is improved. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a turning chip breaking device which is safe, reliable, high in efficiency, convenient to use, capable of adapting to different cutter angles and cutting amounts, capable of being adjusted left and right and wide in application occasions, and particularly relates to a cutting chip breaking device with external power. The invention adopts the following technical scheme that the chip cutting and breaking device with active power comprises an upper shell, a lower shell, a direct current speed regulating motor, a chip beating cutter head, a cutter frame, a turning tool, a protective cover, a base and a guide block, wherein the direct current speed regulating motor is arranged on the upper shell and is connected with the cutting beating cutter head through a transmission structure, the protective cover is arranged on the outer side of a three-sided cutting tool, meanwhile, a sawtooth chip grabbing hook is arranged on the outer side of the three-sided cutting tool, the lower shell is arranged on the cutter frame, the side surface of the turning tool is fixedly arranged on a base through a base bolt, the upper surface of the base is provided with a threaded hole, one end of a guide stud is arranged in the threaded hole, the guide block with an inner guide groove is arranged in the guide groove of a saddle, the inclined guide block can move up and down along the guide groove, and the inclined guide block is arranged below the cutting beating cutter head. The sliding plate and the cross saw blade are both made of transparent acrylic plates, wherein the sliding plate can conveniently observe whether oil stains exist in the position adjusting unit or not, and is convenient to maintain. Whereas cross-shaped saw blades are used for weight saving. The speed change unit is characterized in that the gear ratio of the driving conical gear (19) of the input shaft to the upper speed change gear (10) is 1:2, and the gear ratio of the lower speed change gear (13) to the inverted saw tooth cantilever output gear (14) is 1:2 1:1.5, And the two-stage transmission ratio is 1:3. The left-right moving device comprises a transmission mechanism and achieves a left-right