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CN-122007460-A - High vibration damping type numerically controlled lathe cutter bar

CN122007460ACN 122007460 ACN122007460 ACN 122007460ACN-122007460-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a high vibration damping type numerical control lathe cutter bar, and relates to the technical field of numerical control lathe cutters. The cutter bar comprises a cutter bar main body, a cutter head and a tail resonance damping assembly, wherein the cutter bar main body is provided with a front end strengthening section, a conical surface interference centering section, connecting threads, a main damping cavity and a pre-tightening device, two-stage damping blocks are arranged in the main damping cavity, and the cutter head and the tail are respectively provided with a matched damping structure to jointly form a three-stage broadband damping system. According to the invention, through three-level damping collaborative vibration reduction, double positioning connection and bidirectional adjustable pre-tightening, the rigidity and stability of the cutter bar under the long overhang working condition are improved, the vibration can be effectively inhibited within the interval of 6-7 times diameter overhang, single-side cutting depth of 1-3 mm and rotating speed of 280-580 r/min, the machining precision is improved, the structure is reliable, the adaptability is strong, and the cutter bar is suitable for long overhang stable cutting of a numerical control lathe.

Inventors

  • WANG TAO

Assignees

  • 汪涛

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260325

Claims (8)

  1. 1. A high vibration damping type numerically controlled lathe cutter bar is characterized by comprising a cutter bar main body, a cutter head and a tail resonance damping component; the cutter bar main body is sequentially provided with a front end strengthening section, an interference centering section, a connecting thread section, a main damping cavity, a pre-tightening device and a tail connecting cavity; A two-stage damping block is arranged in the main damping cavity and is matched with the elastic supporting piece to form a multi-stage damping structure; The inside of the cutter head is provided with a cutter head damping cavity and a damping plug; The tail resonance damping assembly is provided with a resonance damping cavity and an adjustable damping plug, and the cutter head, the main damping cavity and the tail resonance damping form a three-level vibration reduction system together.
  2. 2. The tool bar of claim 1 wherein the tool bar body has an outer diameter phi 25mm, a front reinforcing section length of 30mm and an outer diameter phi 27mm.
  3. 3. The tool bar of claim 1, wherein the interference centering segment has an 8 ° conical surface configuration, a mating length of 4mm, and the connecting thread segment has an m21×1 thread, and a mating length of 10mm.
  4. 4. The tool bar of claim 1 wherein the primary damping cavity is 17 x 72mm in size, incorporates a 15 x 35mm and 15 x 20mm lead-antimony alloy damper block, is separated from the belleville springs by a rubber spacer, and is radially supported by a 16.96O o f ring.
  5. 5. The tool bar of claim 1 wherein the pre-tightening means comprises a phi 3 steel rod, steel balls, springs, and an M6 jackscrew to provide pre-compression and frequency stabilization of the damping member.
  6. 6. The cutter bar according to claim 1, wherein the cutter head damping cavity has the size phi 14 multiplied by 21mm, a lead-antimony alloy damping block with the size phi 13 multiplied by 20mm is arranged in the cutter head damping cavity, the cutter head damping cavity is radially preloaded by a phi 13.96O ring, and a damping plug is arranged on the outer side of the cutter head damping cavity to limit the cutter head damping cavity.
  7. 7. The tool bar according to claim 1, wherein the tail resonant damping cavity has a dimension phi 18 x 30mm, a built-in phi 17.5 x 28mm resonant damping block is formed by an adjusting stud and a self-locking nut, and the adjustable flexible pretension is realized by matching with a belleville spring.
  8. 8. The cutter bar according to claim 1, wherein the cutter bar is suitable for a 6-7-time diameter overhanging working condition, can realize stable cutting with single-side cutting depth of 1 mm-3 mm, and is suitable for a rotating speed of 280 r/min-580 r/min.

Description

High vibration damping type numerically controlled lathe cutter bar The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control lathe cutters, in particular to a high vibration damping numerical control lathe cutter bar suitable for long overhanging working conditions. In numerical control lathe machining, the larger the cutter bar overhanging length is, the worse the rigidity is, the more easy vibration and resonance are generated during cutting, machining dimension errors and surface roughness are caused to be poor, and cutter vibration and cutter striking phenomena can occur when the cutter bar overhanging length is serious. The traditional vibration-damping cutter bar mostly adopts a single damping structure, the vibration-damping frequency band is narrower, the adaptability to the suspension working condition with the 6-7 times of diameter length is limited, and the cutting instability is easy to occur in the common rotating speed range of 280 r/min-580 r/min. The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides the high vibration reduction damping type numerical control lathe cutter bar which is reasonable in structure, wide in vibration reduction frequency band and high in connection rigidity, stable cutting with single-side cutting depth of 1 mm-3 mm can be realized under the condition of 6-7 times diameter overhanging, vibration of the cutter bar can be effectively restrained within a rotating speed range of 280 r/min-580 r/min, and machining precision and stability are improved. Drawings Fig. 1 is a main structure sectional view of a cutter bar of a high vibration damping type numerically controlled lathe, provided by the embodiment of the invention, and shows the overall layout of a cutter bar body (including a front end reinforcing section 101, an interference centering section 102, a connecting thread section 103, a main damping cavity 104, a pretensioning device 105 and a tail connecting cavity 106), the main damping cavity and all internal components; FIG. 2 is a half cross-sectional view of a tool bit connection and tool bit damping cavity structure at the front end of a tool bit in an embodiment of the invention, showing the internal configuration of the tool bit and tool bit mating structure (connection segment 201, tool bit damping cavity 202, damping plug 203), connection threads and tool bit damping cavity; fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a main damping structure at the tail of a tool bar in an embodiment of the present invention, showing the cooperation structure of a tail resonance damping assembly (connection section 301, resonance damping cavity 302, damping plug 303), a damping block and an adjustable pre-tightening plug. 101. Front end reinforcing section 102. Interference centering section 103. Connecting thread segments 104. Main damping cavity 105. Pretensioning device 106. Tail connecting cavity 201. Connecting section 202. Tool bit damping cavity 203. Damping plug 301. Connecting section 302. Resonant damping cavity 303. Damping plug As shown in fig. 1, the tool bar body includes a front end reinforcing section 101, an interference centering section 102, a connecting thread section 103, a main damping chamber 104, a pretensioning device 105, and a tail connecting chamber 106. The outer diameter of the cutter bar main body is phi 25mm, the length of the front end reinforcing section 101 is 30mm, and the outer diameter is increased to phi 27mm, so that the bending rigidity of the root of the cutter bar is improved, and the overhanging deformation is reduced. The interference centering section 102 is of an 8-degree conical surface structure, the matching length is 4mm, the radial accurate centering between the cutter bar and the cutter head is realized, and the coaxiality is ensured. The connecting thread section 103 adopts M21X 1 threads, and the matching length is 10mm, so that reliable connection and quick assembly and disassembly are realized. The main damping cavity 104 is of a size phi 17 multiplied by 72mm, a large phi 15 multiplied by 35mm damping block and a small phi 15 multiplied by 20mm damping block are arranged inside the main damping cavity, the damping blocks are made of lead-antimony alloy materials, a multistage damping structure is formed through rubber gaskets and disc springs, and the vibration attenuation of 80 Hz-100 Hz and 110 Hz-130 Hz frequency bands are respectively adapted. The phi 16.96O rings are arranged in the cavity, radial elastic support is realized at a compression rate of 15% -20%, and stable pre-tightening is provided for the damping block. The pre-tightening device 105 is composed of phi 3 steel bars, steel balls, springs and M6 jackscrews, pre-tightening and jacking of the internal parts of the main damping cavity are achieved through the preset compression amount, and play and impact in the working process are reduced, so that the working frequency of the damping system is kept stable. The tail connecting ca