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CN-122007472-A - Aviation part drilling machine and automatic control drilling method thereof

CN122007472ACN 122007472 ACN122007472 ACN 122007472ACN-122007472-A

Abstract

The invention discloses an aviation part drilling machine and an automatic control drilling method thereof, wherein the automatic control drilling method comprises drilling equipment, a vibration sensor, a control system, a gas control valve and an air compression station, the drilling equipment is a feeding drill for installing a drill bit, the feeding drill is connected with the air compression station through an air pipe, the air pipe is provided with the gas control valve, the side surface of the feeding drill is provided with the vibration sensor, the vibration sensor and the gas control valve are electrically connected with the control system, the control system monitors the cutting state in real time through the vibration sensor and automatically adjusts the opening degree of the gas control valve to realize pressure control when the vibration characteristic value exceeds a preset range, and the accuracy control problem in the processing of aviation material macropores is solved by analyzing the cutting vibration signal in real time and dynamically adjusting the gas pressure and the feeding speed. Experiments show that the method can improve the high-quality product rate to 95 percent and improve the processing efficiency by 30 percent.

Inventors

  • LIN XIAOFENG
  • GUO XIAOGUANG
  • CHEN GUO

Assignees

  • 成都德坤航空设备制造有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260302

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The utility model provides an aviation part rig, its characterized in that includes drilling equipment, vibration sensor, control system, gas control valve, air compression station, drilling equipment is for the feeding of installation drill bit and bores and be connected through the trachea with the air compression station, sets up the gas control valve on the trachea, the side of feeding the brill sets up vibration sensor, gas control valve are connected with the control system electricity, and control system passes through vibration sensor real-time supervision cutting state and when vibration characteristic value surpasss the default range, automatically regulated gas control valve aperture realizes pressure control.
  2. 2. The aircraft part drilling machine according to claim 1, wherein the control system comprises a data acquisition unit, a data processing unit and a control unit, the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring data of the vibration sensor and processing the data by the data processing unit, the data processing unit is internally provided with an FFT spectrum analysis module for processing signals acquired by the vibration sensor in real time to obtain analysis results, and the control unit controls the opening degree of the gas control valve according to the analysis results.
  3. 3. An aerospace part drill according to claim 1, wherein the vibration sensor sampling frequency is from 10kHz to 50kHz.
  4. 4. An aerospace part drill according to claim 1, wherein the air compression station output pressure stability is ± 1% fs.
  5. 5. An aerospace part drill according to claim 1, wherein the gas control valve response time is <50ms.
  6. 6. An automatic control drilling method for an aviation part drilling machine is characterized by comprising the steps of S1, setting parameters, setting pressure by an air compression station, pressurizing to reach preset pressure, setting initial air pressure to obtain drilling pressure, setting a threshold value of vibration frequency and amplitude regulated by a control system in a triggering mode, S2, enabling a drill bit to move downwards at a drilling starting position, obtaining lower pressure according to the set initial air pressure, detecting vibration data by a vibration sensor at the moment, S3, receiving and processing the vibration data by the control system, judging whether the vibration data exceeds the threshold value of the set vibration frequency or amplitude, if the vibration data does not exceed the threshold value, maintaining the original initial pressure, controlling and regulating the opening of a gas control valve to regulate the air pressure, S4, detecting that the vibration frequency and the amplitude are recovered to be lower than the set threshold value, and continuously controlling and regulating the opening of the gas control valve until the vibration frequency and the amplitude are recovered to be lower than the set threshold value.
  7. 7. The automatic control drilling method of an aircraft part drilling machine according to claim 6, wherein the control parameters are updated every 0.1-0.3s to form a closed loop.
  8. 8. The automatic control drilling method of an aeronautical part drilling machine according to claim 6, wherein in step S3, the control system outputs a pulse signal through a fuzzy control algorithm to drive the opening degree of the start control valve to be adjusted.
  9. 9. The automatic control drilling method of the aeronautical part drilling machine according to claim 6, wherein the pneumatic adjustment data is obtained directly through vibration data by establishing a vibration-pneumatic nonlinear mapping model, so that hysteresis of traditional linear control is avoided.
  10. 10. The automatic control drilling method of an aeronautical part drilling machine according to claim 6, wherein in the steps S3 and S4, the opening of the gas control valve is adjusted to adjust the gas pressure by adopting a gas pressure step descending rule, and the value of the gas pressure is not more than 0.05MPa each time.

Description

Aviation part drilling machine and automatic control drilling method thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of machining, and particularly relates to an aviation part drilling machine and an automatic control drilling method thereof. Background When processing the large hole of the wing body of the aircraft, the difficult problem of cutting control is caused by the crystallization characteristic of the material in the processing of the high-precision hole (H8 level) with the diameter of more than or equal to 16 mm. In the prior art, the following defects exist when a 102 drilling machine processes a large hole of an aviation aluminum alloy wing body: 1. The uneven grain orientation of the material causes the fluctuation of cutting force, and the traditional PID control is difficult to compensate in real time; 2. Manually adjusting the air pressure (0.4-0.6 MPa) and the feeding speed (0.1-0.3 mm/r) depending on the experience of operators, wherein the high-quality product rate is only 68-72%; 3. When the vibration is abnormal (the frequency is more than 500Hz or the amplitude is more than 0.2 mm), a quick response mechanism is lacking, and the aperture out-of-tolerance and the cutter fracture are easy to occur. Disclosure of Invention In order to overcome the defects, the inventor of the invention continuously reforms and innovates through long-term exploring attempts and multiple experiments and efforts, and provides an aviation part drilling machine which dynamically adjusts gas pressure and feeding speed by analyzing cutting vibration signals in real time, so that the difficulty of precision control in processing of aviation material macropores is solved. Experiments show that the method can improve the high-quality product rate to 95 percent and improve the processing efficiency by 30 percent. The technical scheme adopted by the invention for achieving the purpose is that an aviation part drilling machine is provided. The automatic pressure control device comprises drilling equipment, a vibration sensor, a control system, a gas control valve and a pneumatic station, wherein the drilling equipment is a feeding drill for installing a drill bit, the feeding drill is connected with the pneumatic station through a gas pipe, the gas pipe is provided with the gas control valve, the side face of the feeding drill is provided with the vibration sensor, the vibration sensor and the gas control valve are electrically connected with the control system, the control system monitors the cutting state in real time through the vibration sensor, and when a vibration characteristic value exceeds a preset range, the opening degree of the gas control valve is automatically adjusted to realize pressure control. According to the further preferable technical scheme of the aeronautical part drilling machine, the control system comprises a data acquisition unit, a data processing unit and a control unit, wherein the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring data of the vibration sensor and processing the data by the data processing unit, the FFT spectrum analysis module is arranged in the data processing unit to process signals acquired by the vibration sensor in real time, and the control unit controls the opening of the gas control valve according to analysis results. According to the aviation part drilling machine, a further preferable technical scheme is that the sampling frequency of the vibration sensor is 10kHz-50kHz. According to the aviation part drilling machine, a further preferable technical scheme is that the output pressure stability of the air compression station is +/-1% FS. A further preferred solution of the aeronautical part drilling machine according to the invention is that the gas control valve response time is <50ms. An automatic control drilling method of an aviation part drilling machine comprises the steps of S1, setting parameters, setting pressure by an air compression station, pressurizing to reach preset pressure, setting initial air pressure to obtain drilling pressure, setting a threshold value of vibration frequency and amplitude triggered and regulated by a control system, S2, moving a drill bit downwards at a drilling starting position, obtaining lower pressure according to the set initial air pressure, detecting vibration data by a vibration sensor at the moment, S3, receiving and processing the vibration data by the control system, judging whether the vibration data exceeds the threshold value of the set vibration frequency or amplitude, if the vibration data does not exceed the threshold value, maintaining the original initial pressure, controlling and regulating the opening of a gas control valve to regulate the air pressure, S4, detecting that the vibration frequency and the amplitude are recovered to be lower than the set threshold value, and continuously controlling and regulating the opening of the gas control valve until the vibration frequency and the am