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CN-122007569-A - In-situ monitoring low-voltage micro-arc intelligent power-on spindle

CN122007569ACN 122007569 ACN122007569 ACN 122007569ACN-122007569-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of motorized spindles, and discloses an in-situ monitoring low-voltage micro-arc intelligent motorized spindle which comprises a spindle, a motorized device, a sensor assembly and a tool handle body, wherein the motorized device is arranged on the outer side of the spindle in a surrounding mode and used for providing stable electric energy for low-voltage micro-arc discharge machining, the sensor assembly is integrally arranged on a shaft section of the tool handle body and used for in-situ monitoring cutting force deformation and wireless data transmission, multistage cooling liquid channels are arranged in the spindle, the tool handle body and the tool electrode in a penetrating mode, direct spraying cooling of a machining area is achieved, and in-situ detection of the cutting force is achieved through monitoring of ring groove deformation. By integrating the four functions of driving, electrifying, monitoring and cooling, external monitoring equipment is not needed, the device is not limited by the size and clamping mode of a workpiece, and the device is suitable for processing the workpiece with a large size and a special structure, so that the technical problems of inaccurate monitoring, unstable electrifying and insufficient cooling in the traditional low-voltage micro-arc processing are solved.

Inventors

  • ZHOU JIANPING
  • Ding Shengwei
  • SUN TIANYU
  • LIU YUQIANG
  • ZHANG YIZHOU
  • XU YAN
  • XIONG JIE

Assignees

  • 新疆大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260402

Claims (9)

  1. 1. The intelligent in-situ monitoring low-voltage micro-arc power-on main shaft is characterized by comprising a main shaft (10), a power-on device (20), a sensor assembly (30) and a cutter handle main body (40); The upper end of the main shaft (10) is connected with a driving motor, and the lower end of the main shaft is fixedly connected with a cutter handle main body (40) through a cutter pulling claw (13); the power-on device (20) is annularly arranged on the outer side of the main shaft (10) and is used for providing stable electric energy for low-voltage micro-arc discharge machining; The sensor assembly (30) is integrally arranged on the shaft section of the tool handle main body (40) and is used for in-situ monitoring of cutting force deformation and wireless data transmission; the main shaft (10), the tool handle main body (40) and the tool electrode (46) are internally communicated with a multi-stage cooling liquid channel, so that direct spray cooling of a processing area is realized; The sensor assembly (30) comprises a force sensor (33), the force sensor (33) is abutted with a ring groove (35) on the tool shank main body (40), and cutting force in-situ detection is achieved by monitoring deformation of the ring groove (35).
  2. 2. The in-situ monitoring low-voltage micro-arc intelligent power-on main shaft according to claim 1 is characterized in that a copper pipe (11) is sleeved on the outer side of the main shaft (10), the inside of the main shaft (10) is supported and rotated through two groups of bearing groups (12), and through holes are formed in the broach claw (13) and the shaft shoulder at the tail end of the main shaft (10) to form a part of a cooling liquid channel.
  3. 3. The in-situ monitoring low-voltage micro-arc intelligent power-on spindle according to claim 2, wherein the power-on device (20) comprises an outer shell (21), a brush holder (22), a brush (23) and a cylindrical helical compression spring (24); The electric brushes (23) are uniformly and symmetrically arranged around the periphery of the copper pipe (11) in two rows and are fixed by the electric brush frame (22), and the cylindrical helical compression springs (24) are propped against the tail ends of the electric brushes (23) so that the electric brushes (23) are always clung to the copper pipe (11) to realize self-adaptive compensation and conduction; The outer shell (21) encapsulates and fixes all parts of the power-on device (20) through connecting bolts (25).
  4. 4. The in-situ monitoring low-voltage micro-arc intelligent power-on spindle according to claim 1, wherein the power-on device (20) is provided with a water nozzle spray head (26) for accessing cooling liquid and forming a cooling liquid channel inlet.
  5. 5. The in-situ monitoring low-voltage micro-arc intelligent power-on spindle according to claim 1, wherein the sensor assembly (30) further comprises a wireless transmission module (31), a power supply module (32) and a protective housing (34); The force sensor (33), the wireless transmission module (31) and the power supply module (32) are all arranged inside the protective shell (34) and are uniformly and symmetrically arranged along the circumferential direction of the cutter handle main body (40), and the stress is balanced during high-speed rotation.
  6. 6. The in-situ monitoring low-voltage micro-arc intelligent power-on spindle according to claim 5, wherein the protective shell (34) is made of an insulating material to isolate discharge current and prevent monitoring signals from being disturbed.
  7. 7. The in-situ monitoring low-voltage micro-arc intelligent power-on spindle according to claim 1, wherein the multi-stage coolant channels comprise a first coolant channel (101), a second coolant channel (102) and a third coolant channel (103); The first cooling liquid channel (101) is formed by extending a water nozzle spray head (26); The second cooling liquid channel (102) is arranged on the shaft shoulder at the tail end of the main shaft (10); The third cooling liquid channel (103) is formed by combining through holes of the broach claw (13), the blind rivet connecting piece (41), the tool handle main body (40) and the tool electrode (46), and three-stage channels are mutually communicated.
  8. 8. The in-situ monitoring low-voltage micro-arc intelligent power-on spindle according to claim 1, wherein the tool shank body (40) comprises a blind rivet connection (41), a first tool shank body (42), a second tool shank body (43), an ER32 collet (44), an ER32 nut (45) and a tool electrode (46); The first cutter handle body (42) is fixedly connected with the second cutter handle body (43) through a flange, and the tool electrode (46) is locked and fastened at the tail end of the second cutter handle body (43) through the ER32 chuck (44) and the ER32 nut (45).
  9. 9. The in-situ monitoring low-voltage micro-arc intelligent power-on spindle according to claim 1, further comprising a cathode circulation device, wherein the cathode circulation device is arranged on a machine tool main body and is used for conveying working fluid media between a tool electrode (46) and a workpiece, and the multistage cooling fluid channel is communicated with the working fluid media through a high-pressure pump to realize liquid flow pressurization and arc breaking protection.

Description

In-situ monitoring low-voltage micro-arc intelligent power-on spindle Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of motorized spindles, in particular to an in-situ monitoring low-voltage micro-arc intelligent motorized spindle. Background The low-voltage micro-arc discharge machining is a special technological means for carrying out high-efficiency etching and removing machining on hard-to-machine materials with high toughness, high wear resistance and the like, and realizes material removal through stable micro-scale discharge under low voltage, and has the characteristics of small heat affected zone, high machining surface quality, high material adaptability and the like, and is widely applied to precision part machining in the fields of aerospace, weapon manufacturing, high-end equipment and the like. The motorized spindle is used as a core execution component of low-voltage micro-arc discharge machining equipment, integrates functions of rotation driving, conductive power supply, machining execution and the like, and the operation stability and the functional integration level of the motorized spindle directly determine the machining precision, the surface quality and the machining efficiency of materials difficult to machine. In the related technology, a main shaft for low-voltage micro-arc machining is designed in a split type structure, machining state data is acquired through an external monitoring part, a conductive structure is matched with a fixed electric brush and a conductive part to realize power supply, a cooling system is matched with an external spraying mode to realize cooling, the main shaft and a tool handle are assembled in a conventional locking structure, and a tool electrode is clamped and fixed through a standard chuck to meet the requirements of basic rotary machining and discharge power supply. The inventor considers that the cutting force can not realize in-situ accurate monitoring at the machining point position in the machining process, monitoring data is easy to be interfered by external environment, meanwhile, the power supply stability is insufficient due to the fact that the conducting part is not self-adaptively compensated after being worn, the cooling medium can not directly reach the machining area, arc breakage and melt accumulation are easy to occur, the integral structure has strong limitation on the size and clamping form of a workpiece, and stable operation of low-voltage micro-arc discharge and intelligent monitoring requirements of the machining process are difficult to be met. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides an in-situ monitoring low-voltage micro-arc intelligent power-on spindle, and aims to solve the technical problems of inaccurate monitoring, unstable power-on, insufficient cooling and the like of the traditional low-voltage micro-arc machining provided by the background technology. The intelligent in-situ monitoring low-voltage micro-arc power-on spindle comprises a spindle, a power-on device, a sensor assembly and a tool handle main body, wherein the upper end of the spindle is connected with a driving motor, the lower end of the spindle is fixedly connected with the tool handle main body through a broach claw, the power-on device is arranged on the outer side of the spindle in a surrounding mode and is used for providing stable electric energy for low-voltage micro-arc discharge machining, the sensor assembly is integrally arranged on a shaft section of the tool handle main body and is used for in-situ monitoring cutting force deformation and wireless data transmission, multistage cooling liquid channels are arranged in the spindle, the tool handle main body and the tool electrode in a penetrating mode to realize direct spraying cooling of a machining area, the sensor assembly comprises a force sensor, a wireless transmission module and a power supply module, the force sensor is in butt joint with an annular groove on the tool handle main body, and in-situ detection of the cutting force is realized through monitoring annular groove deformation. By adopting the technical scheme, the four functions of driving, electrifying, monitoring and cooling are integrated, external monitoring equipment is not needed, the limitation of workpiece size and clamping mode is avoided, the workpiece processing with large size and special structure is adapted, and the technical problems of inaccurate monitoring, unstable electrifying and insufficient cooling in the traditional low-voltage micro-arc processing are solved. As a further improvement of the above technical scheme: The copper pipe is sleeved outside the main shaft, the interior of the main shaft is supported and rotated through two groups of bearing groups, and through holes are formed in the broach claw and the shaft shoulder at the tail end of the main shaft to form a part of a cooling liquid channel. The electric charging device comprises an outer shell, a brush holder, an elect