CN-122007605-A - Paraxial laser welding gas protection device and preparation method thereof

CN122007605ACN 122007605 ACN122007605 ACN 122007605ACN-122007605-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a paraxial laser welding gas protection device and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of laser welding. The manufacturing method comprises the steps of welding a main vent pipe and a copper pipe together, assembling and welding an auxiliary vent pipe, a filter screen and a box-shaped gas hood together, machining and locking devices, assembling two groups of welding pieces together by using nuts, bolts and locking devices, mounting the welding pieces on a laser welding head, respectively connecting the main vent pipe and the auxiliary vent pipe with an argon pipe through pipe joints, and protecting welding seams through two paths of argon gas of the main vent pipe and the auxiliary vent pipe in the laser welding process. The invention effectively improves the continuous service time of the gas protection device in the laser welding process, avoids the burning loss deformation of the gas protection tube in the laser welding process, improves the gas protection effect of the laser welding line surface, and eliminates the oxidation phenomenon which is very easy to occur when the gas protection of the welding line is poor.

Inventors

WANG YINGJIE
PAN ZHAOYI
ZHENG SHENGKUN
Zhao Jizhao
HU HAIGANG
SHI SHUAISHUAI

Assignees

西安航天发动机有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260319

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a paraxial laser welding gas protection device, its characterized in that includes main breather pipe (1), locking device (2), copper pipe (3), vice breather pipe (4), filter screen (5), gas hood (6), stay tube (7), wherein: One end of the main breather pipe (1) is a first air inlet, the other end of the main breather pipe is welded with the copper pipe (3), an oblique angle and a notch are processed at the end head of the other end of the copper pipe (3), the oblique angle is an included angle between the axis of the copper pipe (3) and the end face, the notch is communicated with a through hole in the copper pipe, a laser beam penetrates through the notch from top to bottom to aim at a product and is emitted to a welding seam, and the blowing center entering the copper pipe (3) overlaps with a laser beam spot falling on the surface of the welding seam of the product; the air cover (6) is a box-shaped part with a downward opening, the bottom of the air cover (6) is processed into a cambered surface matched with the product profile, the bottom of the air cover (6) is flush with the bottom of the copper pipe (3), the cambered surface faces downwards and covers the upper part of the product welding seam surface, one side of the air cover (6) is processed into an inclined surface with the same inclination angle as the copper pipe (3) and is used for being bonded with the surface of the copper pipe (3) and welded together, the other side of the air cover (6) is processed into a through hole, the auxiliary vent pipe (4) is plugged at one end and is a second air inlet, the plugged end enters the air cover (6) from the through hole and faces one side of the inclined surface of the air cover (6) and contacts with the inclined surface, a plurality of small holes are formed above the auxiliary vent pipe (4), a Fang Dianhan filter screen (5) is tightly bonded with the auxiliary vent pipe (4), a gap is formed between the filter screen (5) and the upper surface of the air cover (6), the upper surface of the gas hood (6) is welded with the supporting pipe (7), and the locking device (2) connects the main vent pipe (1) together.
2. A paraxial laser welding gas protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the bevel angle of the copper tube (3) is 30 ° to 35 °.
3. A paraxial laser welding gas protection device according to claim 1, wherein the width dimension a of the opening of the copper tube (3) is 12 mm-15 mm, and the depth dimension b of the opening is 30-32 mm.
4. A paraxial laser welding gas protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the support tube (7) is parallel to the copper tube (3).
5. The paraxial laser welding gas protection device according to claim 4, wherein the locking device (2) is composed of 2 symmetrical pressing blocks, namely a left pressing block (8) and a right pressing block (9), two spaces L2 are processed on the left pressing block (8) and the right pressing block (9) to form semicircular arcs, after the supporting tube (7) and the main ventilation tube (1) are locked by a screw after being fixed by semicircular arcs Kong Baochi of the left pressing block (8) and the right pressing block (9), and the spaces L2 are equal to the intervals L1 between the supporting tube (7) and the main ventilation tube (1).
6. The method for manufacturing the paraxial laser welding gas protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1, processing a copper pipe (3) by using a copper rod; s2, processing the main vent pipe (1) by using a steel pipe, and welding the main vent pipe (1) and the copper pipe (3) together; s3, machining a gas hood (6) by using a thin steel plate, machining an auxiliary vent pipe (4) by using a steel pipe, cutting a filter screen (5), assembling and welding the filter screen (5), the auxiliary vent pipe (4) and the gas hood (6), and machining a supporting pipe (7) by using the steel pipe; S4, using a steel plate processing locking device (2), welding the gas hood (6) and the support tube (7) together, and assembling the main vent tube (1) and the support tube (7) together by using the locking device (2) to form the laser welding gas protection device.
7. The method for preparing the paraxial laser welding gas protection device according to claim 6, wherein the copper pipe (3) is formed by processing a chromium-zirconium-copper alloy bar stock, and the processing steps are as follows: an inner hole is processed in the center of the copper bar, an oblique angle and a notch are processed at the end of the copper tube (3), the oblique angle is an included angle between the axis of the copper tube (3) and the end face, the notch is communicated with a through hole in the copper tube, a laser beam penetrates through the notch from top to bottom to be directed at a product to be emitted to a welding seam, and the blowing center entering the copper tube (3) overlaps with a laser beam spot falling on the surface of the welding seam of the product.
8. The method for preparing the paraxial laser welding gas protection device according to claim 6, wherein the main vent pipe (1) and the copper pipe (3) are welded by manual argon arc welding, a red copper welding wire with the diameter of 3mm and the welding current of 200A-220A is adopted for welding, and a fillet weld is formed.
9. The method for preparing the paraxial laser welding gas protection device according to claim 6, wherein the specific steps of step S3 are as follows: S3.1, adopting a thin steel plate to assemble and weld into a gas hood (6), processing a cambered surface matched with the product surface at the bottom of the gas hood (6), processing an inclined surface matched with the outer surface of the copper pipe (3) and consistent with the inclination angle of the copper pipe (3) at one side of the gas hood (6), processing a through hole at the other side of the gas hood (6), wherein the distance between the upper edge of the through hole and the inner side of the top of the gas hood (6) is 2mm-4mm, and the welding current of the thin steel plate assembled and welded gas hood (6) is 100A-120A without welding wires; S3.2, processing an auxiliary vent pipe (4), wherein the diameter phid of a small hole on the auxiliary vent pipe (4) is 1mm-2mm, the distance between the small holes is 1-2 mm, and one side of the auxiliary vent pipe (4) is subjected to surfacing and plugging in a manual argon arc welding mode; s3.3, a Fang Dianhan filter screen (5) is arranged on a small hole of the auxiliary vent pipe (4), so that the filter screen (5) is tightly attached to the auxiliary vent pipe (4); S3.4, arranging one side of the radian molded surface of the gas hood (6) downwards, arranging small holes and a filter screen on the auxiliary vent pipe (4) upwards from a through hole of the gas hood (6), ensuring that one side of the auxiliary vent pipe (4) is blocked towards one side of an inclined surface of the gas hood (6) and contacts with the inclined surface, and welding the auxiliary vent pipe (4) and the gas hood (6) by adopting a manual argon arc welding mode; S3.5, machining a supporting tube (7), and machining the same bevel angle as that of the copper tube (3) on one side of the supporting tube (7).
10. The method for preparing the paraxial laser welding gas protection device according to claim 6, wherein the specific steps of step S4 are as follows: s4.1, processing the locking device (2) by adopting aluminum alloy or stainless steel plates; S4.2, fitting the welding parts of the main ventilation pipe (1) and the copper pipe (3), the locking device (2), the welding parts of the filter screen (5) of the air cover (6) and the auxiliary ventilation pipe (4) and the supporting pipe (7); S4.3, determining a welding position of the support tube (7) on the gas hood (6) according to the distance L1 between the support tube (7) and the main vent tube (1), wherein the inclined surface of the gas hood (6) is tightly attached to the copper tube (3) during trial assembly, and welding the gas hood (6) and the support tube (7) in a manual argon arc welding mode; S4.4, assembling the main vent pipe (1) and the support pipe (7) together by adopting the locking device (2), adjusting the locking position, enabling the gas hood (6) to be parallel and level with the bottom of the copper pipe (3), and screwing up and fixing the locking position.

Description

Paraxial laser welding gas protection device and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to a paraxial laser welding gas protection device and a preparation method thereof, which are particularly suitable for processing thick-wall workpieces and belong to the technical field of laser welding. Background The existing paraxial efficient laser welding gas protection device adopts a single-tube structure, and has the following problems that 1) the effect of blowing out light-induced plasmas is poor, so that the effective power obtained from the surface of a welding line in the laser welding process is insufficient, the quality stability of the welding line is influenced, 2) for thick-wall workpieces, the laser welding power is high, the gas protection device is extremely easy to burn and deform in the welding process, the smoothness of the flow of protection gas is influenced, 3) after the thick-wall workpieces are subjected to laser welding, the high-temperature area range of the welding line is large, the high-temperature stay time is long, the coverage range of the gas protection device is insufficient, the surface oxidation of the welding line is serious, and the inside of the welding line is extremely easy to generate air hole defects. Disclosure of Invention The invention solves the technical problems of overcoming the defects of the prior art, providing a paraxial laser welding gas protection device and a preparation method thereof, and solving the problems of short continuous service time, easy deformation, incapability of effectively blowing out photoinduced plasma in high-power welding, poor protection effect and serious weld oxidation existing in the prior laser welding gas protection device. The technical scheme of the invention is that the paraxial laser welding gas protection device comprises a main vent pipe, a locking device, a copper pipe, an auxiliary vent pipe, a filter screen, a gas hood and a support pipe, wherein: The device comprises a main vent pipe, a secondary vent pipe, a filter screen, a gap and a protective gas, wherein one end of the main vent pipe is a first air inlet, the other end of the main vent pipe is welded with the copper pipe, the other end of the copper pipe is provided with an oblique angle and a notch, the oblique angle is an included angle between the axis of the copper pipe and the end face of the copper pipe, the notch is communicated with a through hole in the copper pipe, a laser beam penetrates through the notch from top to bottom and is aligned with a product to be emitted to a welding seam, the blowing center of the copper pipe is overlapped with a laser beam spot falling on the surface of the welding seam of the product; the upper surface of the gas hood is welded with the support tube, and the locking device connects the main vent tube with the support tube. Preferably, the bevel angle of the copper tube is 30-35 degrees. Preferably, the width dimension a of the opening of the copper pipe is 12 mm-15 mm, and the depth dimension b of the opening is 30-32 mm. Preferably, the support tube is parallel to the main vent tube. Preferably, the locking device is composed of 2 symmetrical pressing blocks, namely a left pressing block and a right pressing block, semicircular arcs with two intervals L2 are processed on the left pressing block and the right pressing block, and after the supporting tube and the main ventilation tube are locked by the semicircular arcs Kong Baochi of the left pressing block and the right pressing block, the intervals L2 are equal to the intervals L1 of the supporting tube and the main ventilation tube. The other technical scheme of the invention is that the preparation method of the paraxial laser welding gas protection device comprises the following steps: S1, processing a copper pipe by using a copper rod; S2, processing a main vent pipe by using a steel pipe, and welding the main vent pipe and the copper pipe together; s3, machining a gas hood by using a thin steel plate, machining an auxiliary vent pipe by using a steel pipe, shearing a filter screen, assembling and welding the filter screen, the auxiliary vent pipe and the gas hood together, and machining a supporting pipe by using the steel pipe; s4, using a steel plate processing locking device to weld the gas hood and the support tube together, and adopting the locking device to assemble the main vent pipe and the support tube together to form the laser welding gas protection device. Preferably, the copper pipe is processed by adopting a chromium-zirconium-copper alloy bar stock, and the processing steps are as follows: An inner hole is processed in the center of the copper bar, an oblique angle and a notch are processed in the end of the copper tube, the oblique angle is an included angle between the axis of the copper tube and the end face, the notch is communicated with a through hole in the copper tube, a laser beam penetrates through the notch from top