CN-122007608-A - Totally-enclosed high-reliability laser welding external light path device and use method

Abstract

The invention discloses a totally-enclosed high-reliability laser welding external light path device and a use method thereof, wherein the totally-enclosed high-reliability laser welding external light path device comprises a totally-enclosed external light path structure component, and the totally-enclosed external light path structure component is of a closed structure and is used for transmitting and focusing laser beams; the laser welding device comprises a laser output unit, a shielding gas circulation control assembly, a laser output and lens automatic replacement assembly, a splash-proof purging assembly and a splash-proof purging assembly, wherein the first end of the shielding gas circulation control assembly is communicated with the first end of the totally-enclosed outer light path structure assembly, one end of the laser output unit is communicated with the second end of the totally-enclosed outer light path structure assembly, the laser output unit is communicated with the second end of the shielding gas circulation control assembly, and the splash-proof purging assembly is arranged at the output end of the laser output unit and is used for preventing welding slag splashed in the laser welding process and avoiding damaging the lens. The invention adopts a fully-closed structure, effectively prevents the laser beam from contacting with the outside air in the transmission process, reduces the attenuation and scattering of the laser beam, and improves the stability and reliability of laser welding.

Inventors

• CHEN JIE
• FENG XIN
• LI DONGYANG

Assignees

• 宝山钢铁股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20241112

Claims (7)

1. 1. A totally-enclosed high-reliability laser welding external light path device is characterized by comprising, The totally-enclosed outer light path structure component is of an enclosed structure and is used for transmitting and focusing a laser beam and transmitting the laser beam to a laser processing head; the first end of the shielding gas circulation control assembly is communicated with the first end of the totally-enclosed outer light path structure assembly and is used for introducing shielding gas into the totally-enclosed outer light path structure assembly; the laser output and lens automatic replacement assembly comprises a laser output unit and a lens automatic replacement unit, wherein one end of the laser output unit is communicated with the second end of the totally-enclosed external light path structure assembly, the laser output unit is communicated with the second end of the shielding gas circulation control assembly, after processing is finished, shielding gas can flow back into the shielding gas circulation control assembly, the recycling is convenient, the output end of the laser output unit faces to the strip steel, and laser beams in a light path are irradiated on the strip steel through the laser output unit; The anti-splashing sweeping component is arranged at the output end of the laser output unit and is used for preventing welding slag splashing in the laser welding process and avoiding damage of the welding slag to the lens.
2. 2. The totally enclosed high reliability laser welding external light path device according to claim 1, wherein the totally enclosed external light path structure assembly comprises, The first end of the transverse main pipeline is communicated with the output end of the protective gas circulation control component, and protective gas can be input into the transverse main pipeline; The longitudinal main pipeline is a hollow pipeline made of stainless steel, a heat insulation sleeve II is sleeved on the outer side of the longitudinal main pipeline, a first end of the longitudinal main pipeline is connected with a second end of the transverse main pipeline through a mirror seat I, protective gas can be introduced into the longitudinal main pipeline from the transverse main pipeline, an optical reflection mirror I is arranged in the mirror seat I, a laser beam in the transverse main pipeline can enter the longitudinal main pipeline through the optical reflection mirror I, a mirror seat II is arranged at the second end of the longitudinal main pipeline, an optical reflection mirror II is arranged in the mirror seat II, only an outer light path focusing mirror is arranged, and the laser beam in the longitudinal main pipeline enters the outer light path focusing mirror through the optical reflection mirror II and is focused and then emitted outwards.
3. 3. The totally enclosed high reliability laser welding external light path device according to claim 1, wherein the shielding gas circulation control assembly comprises, The protective gas source is filled with nitrogen; The first end of the air source connector is communicated with a protective gas source, the second end of the air source connector is communicated with the transverse main pipeline, and protective nitrogen can be introduced into the totally-enclosed outer optical path structure component through the air source connector; The pressure control valve is arranged on the air source connector and is used for controlling the on-off of the air source connector so as to regulate the input of the protection nitrogen; the recovery cabinet is internally provided with a containing cavity and an air pump, a flow control unit and a temperature and humidity control unit are integrated on the recovery cabinet, the flow control unit is used for accurately controlling the flow of the protective gas, and the temperature and humidity control unit is used for adjusting the temperature and humidity of the protective gas; the first end of the air inlet pipeline is communicated with the air pump, the second end of the air inlet pipeline is communicated with the transverse main pipeline, the air inlet pipeline is provided with a flow detection unit, and the flow detection unit is used for detecting the flow of protective gas flowing through the air inlet pipeline; the first end of the air return pipeline is communicated with the second lens seat, the second end of the air return pipeline is communicated with the air pump, the air can enter the recovery cabinet through the air return pipeline, the air return pipeline is provided with a filtering unit, and the recovered nitrogen is filtered through the filtering unit.
4. 4. The totally-enclosed high-reliability laser welding external light path device according to claim 1, wherein the laser output and lens automatic replacement assembly comprises a laser output mechanism, the laser output mechanism comprises a laser processing head, one end of the laser processing head is arranged on the second lens seat, and the output end of the laser processing head is arranged towards the strip steel.
5. 5. The totally enclosed high reliability laser welding external light path device according to claim 4, wherein the laser output and lens automatic changing assembly comprises an automatic changing mechanism comprising, The first end of the mounting frame is provided with a new lens storage box, and the second end of the mounting frame is provided with an old lens storage box; The lens pushing mechanism is arranged on one side of the new lens storage box, the pushing end of the lens pushing mechanism faces the new lens storage box, the new lens is pushed into the input end of the laser processing head through the lens pushing mechanism, and the old lens reaching the service life is pushed out to the old lens storage box.
6. 6. The totally enclosed high reliability laser welding external light path device according to claim 1, wherein the anti-splash purge assembly comprises, The spray head unit is provided with a spray head flow control valve and is used for sending out air flow to blow away the welding slag splashed in the welding process; And the input end of the guide port is arranged towards the output end of the nozzle unit, the airflow sprayed out of the nozzle unit is output through the guide port to sweep the surface of the strip steel before welding, and foreign matters such as ferric oxide powder on the surface of the strip steel, which can influence the welding quality, are blown off, so that the welding quality is improved.
7. 7. The method of using a totally enclosed high reliability laser welding external optical path device according to any of claims 1-6, comprising the steps of: s1, injecting protective gas, opening a pressure control valve, and enabling nitrogen to enter the totally-enclosed external light path structure assembly from a protective gas source through a gas source connector and a transverse main pipeline; S2, protecting gas circulation, starting an air pump in a recovery cabinet to enable nitrogen to start circulation, and adjusting the pressure, flow and temperature and humidity of the nitrogen according to actual needs; S3, guiding an optical path, starting a laser welding machine, enabling a laser beam to enter a transverse main pipeline, enabling the laser beam to enter a longitudinal main pipeline through the reflection effect of a first optical reflection lens, enabling the laser beam to continue to be transmitted in the longitudinal main pipeline, and enabling the laser beam to enter an outer optical path focusing lens through the reflection effect of a second optical reflection lens; S4, optical path focusing, wherein the laser beam is efficiently focused under the action of an external optical path focusing mirror, and the focused laser beam is emitted outwards from the external optical path focusing mirror for welding; S5, anti-splashing purging, wherein in the welding process, a nozzle unit of the anti-splashing purging component emits air flow to blow away splashed welding slag, and a flow guide port is used for purging the surface of the strip steel before welding; S6, when the usability of the lens is reduced, pushing a new lens into the input end of the laser processing head by a lens pushing mechanism of the lens automatic replacement component, and pushing an old lens reaching the service life out to an old lens storage box; And S7, after the welding task is finished, recovering nitrogen, closing the pressure control valve and the air pump, and disconnecting the nitrogen supply.

Description

Totally-enclosed high-reliability laser welding external light path device and use method Technical Field The invention relates to the field of laser welding, in particular to a totally-enclosed high-reliability laser welding external light path device and a use method thereof. Background The laser welding machine is mainly used for welding hot rolled strip steel with the thickness of 2mm-4mm and the hardness of HR30Te of 42-65, the laser beam with the spot diameter of 22mm and the power of 8KW is output by a laser source body output mirror of the welding machine, the welding of the laser to the steel plate is realized through the repeated reflection and final focusing of an external light path, the laser beam external light path system of the existing welding machine adopts a stainless steel pipeline as a base, the pipeline, a reflecting mirror, a focusing mirror, a laser processing head and the like, and compressed gas is introduced into the pipeline of the laser beam external light path to protect the external light path from the influence of common dust, so that the cleaning of the inside of the external light path and the stability of laser transmission are ensured. In the prior art, the patent document of the application number CN202111200266.7 discloses intelligent cold-rolling production line laser welding machine equipment, which comprises an equipment base, a conveying mechanism, a centering mechanism, a pressing pushing mechanism, a shearing mechanism, a welding gun travelling mechanism, a welding copper lining mechanism, a storage mechanism and an electric control operation system, wherein the conveying mechanism is arranged on the equipment base, two centering mechanisms are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the conveying mechanism, the pressing pushing mechanism and the storage mechanism are respectively arranged between the two centering mechanisms at the head part and the two centering mechanisms at the tail part, the shearing mechanism, the welding gun travelling mechanism and the welding copper lining mechanism are arranged between the two centering mechanisms in the middle, and the electric control operation system is also arranged on the equipment base. The invention has reasonable structural design, the steel belt is replaced without manual intervention, the servo control positioning mechanism is adopted, the positioning is increased accurately, and the welding quality is improved by adopting laser welding. As shown in fig. 6, the conventional laser welder 1 includes a welder outlet frame 2, a welder inlet frame 3, a welder trolley C-shaped frame 4, a laser source resonant cavity 5, an external laser welding light path 10, a welder outlet strip steel 100 and a welder inlet strip steel 101, when the ambient temperature is relatively high, mainly in summer, the position of a laser beam is easy to deviate, the actual welding transmittance of laser transmission is reduced, namely, the laser transmission efficiency is reduced, the higher the ambient temperature is, the more obvious the higher the ambient temperature is, in this case, the problems of light beam deviation and welding transmittance reduction can be only made up by reducing the welding speed, in addition, an optical reflector and a focusing mirror in the external light path are particularly easy to dirty, the surface of the mirror is easy to burn, and the normal welding production is greatly influenced. Therefore, there is a need for an improvement in such a structure to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a totally-enclosed high-reliability laser welding external light path device and a using method thereof. The technical aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a totally-enclosed high-reliability laser welding external light path device and a use method thereof comprise, The totally-enclosed outer light path structure component is of an enclosed structure and is used for transmitting and focusing a laser beam and transmitting the laser beam to a laser processing head; the first end of the shielding gas circulation control assembly is communicated with the first end of the totally-enclosed outer light path structure assembly and is used for introducing shielding gas into the totally-enclosed outer light path structure assembly; the laser output and lens automatic replacement assembly comprises a laser output unit and a lens automatic replacement unit, wherein one end of the laser output unit is communicated with the second end of the totally-enclosed external light path structure assembly, the laser output unit is communicated with the second end of the shielding gas circulation control assembly, after processing is finished, shielding gas can flow back into the shielding gas circulation control assembly, the recycling is convenient, the output end of the laser output unit faces to the strip steel, and laser beams in a